update

core/src/event/manager.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use crate::{
     ActiveData, Event, EventCtx, EventFn, EventIdCtx, EventLike, HasEvents, IdLike, LayerId,
-    WeakWidget, Widget, WidgetEventFn, WidgetId,
+    WeakWidget, WidgetEventFn, WidgetId,
     util::{HashMap, HashSet, TypeMap},
 };
 use std::{any::TypeId, rc::Rc};
@@ -24,15 +24,16 @@ impl<Rsc: HasEvents + 'static> EventManager<Rsc> {
         self.types.type_or_default()
     }
 
-    pub fn register<W: Widget + ?Sized, E: EventLike>(
+    pub fn register<I: IdLike + 'static, E: EventLike>(
         &mut self,
-        id: WeakWidget<W>,
+        id: I,
         event: E,
-        f: impl for<'a> WidgetEventFn<Rsc, <E::Event as Event>::Data<'a>, W>,
+        f: impl for<'a> WidgetEventFn<Rsc, <E::Event as Event>::Data<'a>, I::Widget>,
     ) {
+        let i = id.id();
         self.get_type::<E>().register(id, event, f);
         self.widget_to_types
-            .entry(id.id())
+            .entry(i)
             .or_default()
             .insert(Self::type_key::<E>());
     }
@@ -112,11 +113,11 @@ impl<Rsc: HasEvents, E: Event> Default for TypeEventManager<Rsc, E> {
 }
 
 impl<Rsc: HasEvents + 'static, E: Event> TypeEventManager<Rsc, E> {
-    fn register<W: Widget + ?Sized>(
+    fn register<I: IdLike + 'static>(
         &mut self,
-        widget: WeakWidget<W>,
+        widget: I,
         event: impl EventLike<Event = E>,
-        f: impl for<'a> WidgetEventFn<Rsc, E::Data<'a>, W>,
+        f: impl for<'a> WidgetEventFn<Rsc, E::Data<'a>, I::Widget>,
     ) {
         let event = event.into_event();
         self.map.entry(widget.id()).or_default().push((
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ impl<Rsc: HasEvents + 'static, E: Event> TypeEventManager<Rsc, E> {
             Rc::new(move |ctx, rsc| {
                 f(
                     EventIdCtx {
-                        widget,
+                        widget: WeakWidget::new(widget.id()),
                         state: ctx.state,
                         data: ctx.data,
                     },

core/src/lib.rs

@@ -2,10 +2,8 @@
 #![feature(const_ops)]
 #![feature(const_trait_impl)]
 #![feature(const_convert)]
-#![feature(map_try_insert)]
 #![feature(unboxed_closures)]
 #![feature(fn_traits)]
-#![feature(const_cmp)]
 #![feature(const_destruct)]
 #![feature(portable_simd)]
 #![feature(associated_type_defaults)]

core/src/ui/draw_state.rs

@@ -1,196 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{
-    ActiveData, Axis, EventsLike, Painter, SizeCtx, StrongWidget, UiRegion, UiRenderState, UiVec2,
-    WidgetId, Widgets,
-    render::MaskIdx,
-    util::{HashSet, forget_ref},
-};
-
-/// state maintained between widgets during painting
-pub struct Drawer<'a> {
-    pub(super) widgets: &'a mut Widgets,
-    pub(super) data: &'a mut PainterData,
-    pub(super) events: &'a mut dyn EventsLike,
-    pub(super) render: &'a mut UiRenderState,
-    root: Option<&'a StrongWidget>,
-    draw_started: HashSet<WidgetId>,
-}
-
-impl<'a> Drawer<'a> {
-    /// redraws a widget that's currently active (drawn)
-    pub fn redraw(&mut self, id: WidgetId) {
-        self.widgets.needs_redraw.remove(&id);
-        self.draw_started.remove(&id);
-        // check if parent depends on the desired size of this, if so then redraw it first
-        for axis in [Axis::X, Axis::Y] {
-            if let Some(&(outer, old)) = self.render.cache.size.axis_dyn(axis).get(&id)
-                && let Some(current) = self.render.active.get(&id)
-                && let Some(pid) = current.parent
-            {
-                self.render.cache.size.axis_dyn(axis).remove(&id);
-                let new = self.size_ctx(id, outer).len_axis(id, axis);
-                self.render
-                    .cache
-                    .size
-                    .axis_dyn(axis)
-                    .insert(id, (outer, new));
-                if new != old {
-                    self.redraw(pid);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        if self.draw_started.contains(&id) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        let Some(active) = self.remove(id, false) else {
-            return;
-        };
-
-        self.draw_inner(
-            active.layer,
-            id,
-            active.region,
-            active.parent,
-            active.mask,
-            Some(active.children),
-        );
-    }
-
-    pub(super) fn size_ctx<'b>(&'b mut self, source: WidgetId, outer: UiVec2) -> SizeCtx<'b> {
-        SizeCtx {
-            source,
-            cache: &mut self.render.cache,
-            text: &mut self.data.text,
-            textures: &mut self.data.textures,
-            widgets: &self.widgets,
-            outer,
-            output_size: self.render.output_size,
-            id: source,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(super) fn draw_inner(
-        &mut self,
-        layer: usize,
-        id: WidgetId,
-        region: UiRegion,
-        parent: Option<WidgetId>,
-        mask: MaskIdx,
-        old_children: Option<Vec<WidgetId>>,
-    ) {
-        let mut old_children = old_children.unwrap_or_default();
-        if let Some(active) = self.render.active.get_mut(&id)
-            && !self.widgets.needs_redraw.contains(&id)
-        {
-            // check to see if we can skip drawing first
-            if active.region == region {
-                return;
-            } else if active.region.size() == region.size() {
-                // TODO: epsilon?
-                let from = active.region;
-                self.mov(id, from, region);
-                return;
-            }
-            // if not, then maintain resize and track old children to remove unneeded
-            let active = self.remove(id, false).unwrap();
-            old_children = active.children;
-        }
-
-        // draw widget
-        self.draw_started.insert(id);
-
-        let mut painter = Painter {
-            drawer: self,
-            region,
-            mask,
-            layer,
-            id,
-            textures: Vec::new(),
-            primitives: Vec::new(),
-            children: Vec::new(),
-        };
-
-        let mut widget = painter.drawer.widgets.get_dyn_dynamic(id);
-        widget.draw(&mut painter);
-        drop(widget);
-
-        let Painter {
-            drawer: _,
-            region,
-            mask,
-            textures,
-            primitives,
-            children,
-            layer,
-            id,
-        } = painter;
-
-        // add to active
-        let active = ActiveData {
-            id,
-            region,
-            parent,
-            textures,
-            primitives,
-            children,
-            mask,
-            layer,
-        };
-
-        // remove old children that weren't kept
-        for c in &old_children {
-            if !active.children.contains(c) {
-                self.remove_rec(*c);
-            }
-        }
-
-        // update modules
-        self.events.draw(&active);
-        self.render.active.insert(id, active);
-    }
-
-    fn mov(&mut self, id: WidgetId, from: UiRegion, to: UiRegion) {
-        let active = self.render.active.get_mut(&id).unwrap();
-        for h in &active.primitives {
-            let region = self.render.layers[h.layer].region_mut(h);
-            *region = region.outside(&from).within(&to);
-        }
-        active.region = active.region.outside(&from).within(&to);
-        // SAFETY: children cannot be recursive
-        let children = unsafe { forget_ref(&active.children) };
-        for child in children {
-            self.mov(*child, from, to);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// NOTE: instance textures are cleared and self.textures freed
-    fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId, undraw: bool) -> Option<ActiveData> {
-        let mut active = self.render.active.remove(&id);
-        if let Some(active) = &mut active {
-            for h in &active.primitives {
-                let mask = self.render.layers.free(h);
-                if mask != MaskIdx::NONE {
-                    self.data.masks.remove(mask);
-                }
-            }
-            active.textures.clear();
-            self.data.textures.free();
-            if undraw {
-                self.events.undraw(active);
-            }
-        }
-        active
-    }
-
-    fn remove_rec(&mut self, id: WidgetId) -> Option<ActiveData> {
-        self.render.cache.remove(id);
-        let inst = self.remove(id, true);
-        if let Some(inst) = &inst {
-            for c in &inst.children {
-                self.remove_rec(*c);
-            }
-        }
-        inst
-    }
-}

core/src/ui/mod.rs

@@ -2,11 +2,9 @@ use crate::{Mask, TextData, Textures, WeakWidget, WidgetId, Widgets, util::Track
 
 mod active;
 mod cache;
-// mod draw_state;
 mod painter;
 mod render_state;
 mod size;
-mod state;
 
 pub use active::*;
 pub use painter::Painter;
@@ -30,7 +28,7 @@ pub trait UiRsc {
     #[allow(unused_variables)]
     fn on_remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId) {}
     #[allow(unused_variables)]
-    fn on_draw(&mut self, active: &ActiveData) {}
+    fn on_draw(&mut self, active: &ActiveData, redrawn: bool) {}
     #[allow(unused_variables)]
     fn on_undraw(&mut self, active: &ActiveData) {}
 

core/src/ui/render_state.rs

@@ -81,10 +81,12 @@ impl UiRenderState {
         old_children: Option<Vec<WidgetId>>,
         rsc: &mut dyn UiRsc,
     ) {
+        let mut redrawn = old_children.is_some();
         let mut old_children = old_children.unwrap_or_default();
         if let Some(active) = self.active.get_mut(&id)
             && !rsc.widgets().needs_redraw.contains(&id)
         {
+            redrawn = true;
             // check to see if we can skip drawing first
             if active.region == region {
                 return;
@@ -149,7 +151,7 @@ impl UiRenderState {
             }
         }
 
-        rsc.on_draw(&active);
+        rsc.on_draw(&active, redrawn);
         self.active.insert(id, active);
     }
 

core/src/ui/state.rs

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-// pub struct DynState {
-//
-// }

core/src/widget/like.rs

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ pub trait HasRoot {
 
 pub trait WidgetArrLike<Rsc, const LEN: usize, Tag> {
     #[track_caller]
-    fn add(self, state: &mut Rsc) -> WidgetArr<LEN>;
+    fn add(self, rsc: &mut Rsc) -> WidgetArr<LEN>;
 }
 
 impl<Rsc, const LEN: usize> WidgetArrLike<Rsc, LEN, ArrTag> for WidgetArr<LEN> {
@@ -58,6 +58,13 @@ macro_rules! impl_widget_arr {
                 )
             }
         }
+        impl<Rsc: UiRsc, $($W: WidgetLike<Rsc, $Tag>,$Tag,)*> IntoWidgetVec<Rsc, ($($Tag,)*), ArrTag> for ($($W,)*) {
+            fn into_vec(self, rsc: &mut Rsc) -> Vec<StrongWidget> {
+                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
+                let ($($W,)*) = self;
+                vec![$($W.add(rsc).upgrade(rsc),)*]
+            }
+        }
     };
 }
 

core/src/widget/mod.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::{Axis, AxisT, Len, Painter, SizeCtx};
+use crate::{Axis, AxisT, Len, Painter, SizeCtx, UiRsc};
 use std::any::Any;
 
 mod data;
@@ -85,3 +85,16 @@ impl<State, F: FnOnce(&mut State) -> Option<StrongWidget>> WidgetOption<State> f
         self(state)
     }
 }
+
+pub trait IntoWidgetVec<Rsc, WTag, GTag> {
+    fn into_vec(self, rsc: &mut Rsc) -> Vec<StrongWidget>;
+}
+
+impl<Rsc: UiRsc, I: IntoIterator, Tag> IntoWidgetVec<Rsc, Tag, IterTag> for I
+where
+    I::Item: WidgetLike<Rsc, Tag>,
+{
+    fn into_vec(self, rsc: &mut Rsc) -> Vec<StrongWidget> {
+        self.into_iter().map(|w| w.add_strong(rsc).any()).collect()
+    }
+}

core/src/widget/tag.rs

@@ -62,3 +62,4 @@ impl<Rsc: UiRsc, V: WidgetView> WidgetLike<Rsc, ViewTag> for V {
 }
 
 pub struct ArrTag;
+pub struct IterTag;

core/src/widget/view.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::marker::Unsize;
 
-use crate::{Widget, WeakWidget};
+use crate::{IdLike, WeakWidget, Widget};
 
 pub trait WidgetView {
     type Widget: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>;
@@ -14,3 +14,11 @@ pub trait HasWidget {
 impl<W: Widget + Unsize<dyn Widget> + ?Sized> HasWidget for WeakWidget<W> {
     type Widget = W;
 }
+
+impl<WV: WidgetView> IdLike for WV {
+    type Widget = WV::Widget;
+
+    fn id(&self) -> super::WidgetId {
+        self.root().id
+    }
+}

examples/minimal.rs

@@ -10,11 +10,7 @@ struct State {
 }
 
 impl DefaultAppState for State {
-    fn new(
-        mut ui_state: DefaultUiState,
-        rsc: &mut DefaultRsc<Self>,
-        _: Proxy<Self::Event>,
-    ) -> Self {
+    fn new(mut ui_state: DefaultUiState, rsc: &mut DefaultRsc<Self>) -> Self {
         rect(Color::RED).set_root(rsc, &mut ui_state);
         Self { ui_state }
     }

examples/tabs/main.rs

@@ -16,11 +16,7 @@ pub struct Client {
 }
 
 impl DefaultAppState for Client {
-    fn new(
-        mut ui_state: DefaultUiState,
-        rsc: &mut DefaultRsc<Self>,
-        _: Proxy<Self::Event>,
-    ) -> Self {
+    fn new(mut ui_state: DefaultUiState, rsc: &mut DefaultRsc<Self>) -> Self {
         let rrect = rect(Color::WHITE).radius(20);
         let pad_test = (
             rrect.color(Color::BLUE),
@@ -148,7 +144,7 @@ impl DefaultAppState for Client {
             .span(Dir::DOWN)
             .add(rsc);
 
-        let main = WidgetPtr::new().add(rsc);
+        let main = WidgetPtr::empty().add(rsc);
 
         let vals = Rc::new(RefCell::new((0, Vec::new())));
         let mut switch_button = |color, to: WeakWidget, label| {

examples/task.rs

@@ -11,11 +11,7 @@ struct State {
 }
 
 impl DefaultAppState for State {
-    fn new(
-        mut ui_state: DefaultUiState,
-        rsc: &mut DefaultRsc<Self>,
-        _: Proxy<Self::Event>,
-    ) -> Self {
+    fn new(mut ui_state: DefaultUiState, rsc: &mut DefaultRsc<Self>) -> Self {
         let rect = rect(Color::RED).add(rsc);
         rect.task_on(CursorSense::click(), async move |mut ctx| {
             tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;

examples/view.rs

@@ -15,29 +15,28 @@ type Rsc = DefaultRsc<State>;
 struct Test {
     #[root]
     root: WeakWidget<Rect>,
+    cur: WeakState<bool>,
 }
 
 impl Test {
     pub fn new(rsc: &mut Rsc) -> Self {
         let root = rect(Color::RED).add(rsc);
-        Self { root }
+        let cur = rsc.create_state(root, false);
+        Self { root, cur }
     }
     pub fn toggle(&self, rsc: &mut Rsc) {
-        let rect = (self.root)(rsc);
-        if rect.color == Color::RED {
-            rect.color = Color::BLUE;
+        let cur = &mut rsc[self.cur];
+        *cur = !*cur;
+        if *cur {
+            rsc[self.root].color = Color::BLUE;
         } else {
-            rect.color = Color::RED;
+            rsc[self.root].color = Color::RED;
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl DefaultAppState for State {
-    fn new(
-        mut ui_state: DefaultUiState,
-        rsc: &mut DefaultRsc<Self>,
-        _: Proxy<Self::Event>,
-    ) -> Self {
+    fn new(mut ui_state: DefaultUiState, rsc: &mut DefaultRsc<Self>) -> Self {
         let test = Test::new(rsc);
 
         test.on(CursorSense::click(), move |_, rsc| {

readme.md

@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ My experimental attempt at a rust ui library (also my first ui library).
 
 It's currently designed around using retained data structures (widgets), rather than diffing generated trees from data like xilem or iced. This is an experiment and I'm not sure if it's a good idea or not.
 
-There's a `main.rs` that runs a testing window, so you can just `cargo run` to see it working.
+Examples are in `examples`, eg. `cargo run --example tabs`.
 
 Goals, in general order:
 1. does what I want it to (text, images, video, animations)
 2. very easy to use ignoring ergonomic ref counting
-3. reasonably fast / efficient (a lot faster than electron, save battery life)
+3. reasonably fast / efficient (a lot faster than electron, save battery life, try to beat iced and xilem)
 
 ## dev details
 

src/default/event.rs

@@ -7,3 +7,11 @@ impl Event for Submit {}
 #[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Clone)]
 pub struct Edited;
 impl Event for Edited {}
+
+#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Clone)]
+pub struct Draw;
+impl Event for Draw {}
+
+#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Clone)]
+pub struct Undraw;
+impl Event for Undraw {}

src/default/mod.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ mod event;
 mod input;
 mod render;
 mod sense;
+mod state;
 mod task;
 
 pub use app::*;
@@ -25,9 +26,29 @@ pub use event::*;
 pub use input::*;
 pub use render::*;
 pub use sense::*;
+pub use state::*;
 pub use task::*;
 
-pub type Proxy<Event> = EventLoopProxy<Event>;
+pub struct EventSender<State: DefaultAppState> {
+    proxy: EventLoopProxy<UiMainEvent<State>>,
+}
+
+impl<State: DefaultAppState> Clone for EventSender<State> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            proxy: self.proxy.clone(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<State: DefaultAppState> EventSender<State> {
+    pub fn send(&self, event: State::Event) {
+        let _ = self.proxy.send_event(UiMainEvent::App(event));
+    }
+    pub fn run(&self, f: impl MainCallback<State>) {
+        let _ = self.proxy.send_event(UiMainEvent::Callback(Box::new(f)));
+    }
+}
 
 pub struct DefaultUiState {
     pub root: Option<StrongWidget>,
@@ -68,9 +89,8 @@ pub trait HasDefaultUiState: Sized + 'static {
 }
 
 pub trait DefaultAppState: HasDefaultUiState {
-    type Event = ();
-    fn new(ui_state: DefaultUiState, rsc: &mut DefaultRsc<Self>, proxy: Proxy<Self::Event>)
-    -> Self;
+    type Event: Send = ();
+    fn new(ui_state: DefaultUiState, rsc: &mut DefaultRsc<Self>) -> Self;
     #[allow(unused_variables)]
     fn event(
         &mut self,
@@ -94,29 +114,66 @@ pub trait DefaultAppState: HasDefaultUiState {
     }
 }
 
-pub struct DefaultRsc<State: 'static> {
+pub struct DefaultRsc<State: 'static + DefaultAppState> {
     pub ui: UiData,
     pub events: EventManager<Self>,
     pub tasks: Tasks<Self>,
+    pub state: WidgetState,
+    pub widget_events: Vec<WidgetEvent>,
+    pub window_event: EventSender<State>,
     _state: PhantomData<State>,
 }
 
-impl<State> DefaultRsc<State> {
-    fn init(window: Arc<Window>) -> (Self, TaskMsgReceiver<Self>) {
-        let (tasks, recv) = Tasks::init(window);
+pub struct WidgetEvent {
+    id: WidgetId,
+    ty: WidgetEventType,
+}
+
+pub enum WidgetEventType {
+    Draw,
+    Undraw,
+    Remove,
+}
+
+pub trait MainCallback<State>: FnOnce(&mut DefaultRsc<State>) + Sync + Send + 'static {}
+impl<F: FnOnce(&mut DefaultRsc<State>) + Sync + Send + 'static, State> MainCallback<State> for F {}
+
+pub enum UiMainEvent<State: DefaultAppState> {
+    RequestUpdate,
+    Callback(Box<dyn MainCallback<State>>),
+    App(State::Event),
+}
+
+impl<State: DefaultAppState> DefaultRsc<State> {
+    fn init(proxy: EventLoopProxy<UiMainEvent<State>>) -> (Self, TaskMsgReceiver<Self>) {
+        let window_event = EventSender {
+            proxy: proxy.clone(),
+        };
+        let (tasks, recv) = Tasks::init(move || {
+            if proxy.send_event(UiMainEvent::RequestUpdate).is_err() {
+                panic!("main thread blew up or smth");
+            }
+        });
         (
             Self {
                 ui: Default::default(),
                 events: Default::default(),
                 tasks,
+                widget_events: Default::default(),
+                state: Default::default(),
+                window_event,
                 _state: Default::default(),
             },
             recv,
         )
     }
+
+    pub fn create_state<T: 'static>(&mut self, id: impl IdLike, data: T) -> WeakState<T> {
+        self.state.add(id.id(), data)
+    }
 }
 
-impl<State> UiRsc for DefaultRsc<State> {
+impl<State: DefaultAppState> UiRsc for DefaultRsc<State> {
     fn ui(&self) -> &UiData {
         &self.ui
     }
@@ -125,24 +182,39 @@ impl<State> UiRsc for DefaultRsc<State> {
         &mut self.ui
     }
 
-    fn on_draw(&mut self, active: &ActiveData) {
+    fn on_draw(&mut self, active: &ActiveData, redrawn: bool) {
         self.events.draw(active);
+        if !redrawn {
+            self.widget_events.push(WidgetEvent {
+                id: active.id,
+                ty: WidgetEventType::Draw,
+            });
+        }
     }
 
     fn on_undraw(&mut self, active: &ActiveData) {
         self.events.undraw(active);
+        self.widget_events.push(WidgetEvent {
+            id: active.id,
+            ty: WidgetEventType::Undraw,
+        });
     }
 
     fn on_remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId) {
         self.events.remove(id);
+        self.state.remove(id);
+        self.widget_events.push(WidgetEvent {
+            id,
+            ty: WidgetEventType::Remove,
+        });
     }
 }
 
-impl<State: 'static> HasState for DefaultRsc<State> {
+impl<State: 'static + DefaultAppState> HasState for DefaultRsc<State> {
     type State = State;
 }
 
-impl<State: 'static> HasEvents for DefaultRsc<State> {
+impl<State: 'static + DefaultAppState> HasEvents for DefaultRsc<State> {
     fn events(&self) -> &EventManager<Self> {
         &self.events
     }
@@ -152,12 +224,22 @@ impl<State: 'static> HasEvents for DefaultRsc<State> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<State: 'static> HasTasks for DefaultRsc<State> {
+impl<State: 'static + DefaultAppState> HasTasks for DefaultRsc<State> {
     fn tasks_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Tasks<Self> {
         &mut self.tasks
     }
 }
 
+impl<State: 'static + DefaultAppState> HasWidgetState for DefaultRsc<State> {
+    fn widget_state(&self) -> &WidgetState {
+        &self.state
+    }
+
+    fn widget_state_mut(&mut self) -> &mut WidgetState {
+        &mut self.state
+    }
+}
+
 pub struct DefaultApp<State: DefaultAppState> {
     rsc: DefaultRsc<State>,
     render: UiRenderState,
@@ -166,15 +248,15 @@ pub struct DefaultApp<State: DefaultAppState> {
 }
 
 impl<State: DefaultAppState> AppState for DefaultApp<State> {
-    type Event = State::Event;
+    type Event = UiMainEvent<State>;
 
     fn new(event_loop: &ActiveEventLoop, proxy: EventLoopProxy<Self::Event>) -> Self {
         let window = event_loop
             .create_window(State::window_attributes())
             .unwrap();
         let default_state = DefaultUiState::new(window);
-        let (mut rsc, task_recv) = DefaultRsc::init(default_state.window.clone());
-        let state = State::new(default_state, &mut rsc, proxy);
+        let (mut rsc, task_recv) = DefaultRsc::init(proxy);
+        let state = State::new(default_state, &mut rsc);
         let render = UiRenderState::new();
         Self {
             rsc,
@@ -185,38 +267,39 @@ impl<State: DefaultAppState> AppState for DefaultApp<State> {
     }
 
     fn event(&mut self, event: Self::Event, _: &ActiveEventLoop) {
-        self.state.event(event, &mut self.rsc, &mut self.render);
+        match event {
+            UiMainEvent::RequestUpdate => {
+                self.check_updates();
+            }
+            UiMainEvent::App(event) => {
+                self.state.event(event, &mut self.rsc, &mut self.render);
+            }
+            UiMainEvent::Callback(f) => f(&mut self.rsc),
+        }
     }
 
     fn window_event(&mut self, event: WindowEvent, event_loop: &ActiveEventLoop) {
         let Self {
-            rsc,
-            render,
-            state,
-            task_recv,
+            rsc, render, state, ..
         } = self;
 
-        for update in task_recv.try_iter() {
-            update(state, rsc);
-        }
-
+        // input handling
         let ui_state = state.default_state_mut();
-        let input_changed = ui_state.input.event(&event);
-        let cursor_state = ui_state.cursor_state().clone();
-        let old = ui_state.focus;
-        if cursor_state.buttons.left.is_start() {
-            ui_state.focus = None;
-        }
-        if input_changed {
+        if ui_state.input.event(&event) {
+            let cursor_state = ui_state.cursor_state().clone();
+            let old = ui_state.focus;
+            if cursor_state.buttons.left.is_start() {
+                ui_state.focus = None;
+            }
             let window_size = ui_state.window_size();
             render.run_sensors(rsc, state, cursor_state, window_size);
+            if old != state.default_state().focus
+                && let Some(old) = old
+            {
+                old.edit(rsc).deselect();
+            }
         }
         let ui_state = state.default_state_mut();
-        if old != ui_state.focus
-            && let Some(old) = old
-        {
-            old.edit(rsc).deselect();
-        }
         match &event {
             WindowEvent::CloseRequested => event_loop.exit(),
             WindowEvent::RedrawRequested => {
@@ -278,14 +361,94 @@ impl<State: DefaultAppState> AppState for DefaultApp<State> {
             _ => (),
         }
         state.window_event(event, rsc, render);
-        let ui_state = self.state.default_state_mut();
-        if render.needs_redraw(&ui_state.root, rsc.widgets()) {
-            ui_state.renderer.window().request_redraw();
-        }
-        ui_state.input.end_frame();
+
+        self.check_updates();
+        self.state.default_state_mut().input.end_frame();
     }
 
     fn exit(&mut self) {
         self.state.exit(&mut self.rsc, &mut self.render);
     }
 }
+
+impl<State: DefaultAppState> DefaultApp<State> {
+    pub fn check_updates(&mut self) {
+        let Self {
+            rsc,
+            render,
+            state,
+            task_recv,
+        } = self;
+
+        for update in task_recv.try_iter() {
+            update(state, rsc);
+        }
+
+        let mut events = std::mem::take(&mut rsc.widget_events);
+        for event in events.drain(..) {
+            match event.ty {
+                WidgetEventType::Draw => {
+                    rsc.run_event::<Draw>(event.id, (), state);
+                }
+                WidgetEventType::Undraw => {
+                    rsc.run_event::<Undraw>(event.id, (), state);
+                }
+                _ => (),
+            }
+        }
+        rsc.widget_events = events;
+
+        let ui_state = state.default_state();
+        if render.needs_redraw(&ui_state.root, rsc.widgets()) {
+            ui_state.renderer.window().request_redraw();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait RscIdx<Rsc> {
+    type Output;
+    fn get(self, rsc: &Rsc) -> &Self::Output;
+    fn get_mut(self, rsc: &mut Rsc) -> &mut Self::Output;
+}
+
+impl<State: 'static + DefaultAppState, I: RscIdx<DefaultRsc<State>>> std::ops::Index<I>
+    for DefaultRsc<State>
+{
+    type Output = I::Output;
+
+    fn index(&self, index: I) -> &Self::Output {
+        index.get(self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<State: 'static + DefaultAppState, I: RscIdx<DefaultRsc<State>>> std::ops::IndexMut<I>
+    for DefaultRsc<State>
+{
+    fn index_mut(&mut self, index: I) -> &mut Self::Output {
+        index.get_mut(self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: Widget, Rsc: UiRsc> RscIdx<Rsc> for WeakWidget<W> {
+    type Output = W;
+
+    fn get(self, rsc: &Rsc) -> &Self::Output {
+        &rsc.ui().widgets[self]
+    }
+
+    fn get_mut(self, rsc: &mut Rsc) -> &mut Self::Output {
+        &mut rsc.ui_mut().widgets[self]
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: 'static, Rsc: HasWidgetState> RscIdx<Rsc> for WeakState<T> {
+    type Output = T;
+
+    fn get(self, rsc: &Rsc) -> &Self::Output {
+        rsc.widget_state().get(self)
+    }
+
+    fn get_mut(self, rsc: &mut Rsc) -> &mut Self::Output {
+        rsc.widget_state_mut().get_mut(self)
+    }
+}

src/default/state.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+use iris_core::{
+    WidgetId,
+    util::{HashMap, HashSet},
+};
+use std::{
+    any::{Any, TypeId},
+    marker::PhantomData,
+};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+struct Key {
+    id: WidgetId,
+    ty: TypeId,
+    i: usize,
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct WidgetState {
+    widgets: HashMap<WidgetId, HashSet<(TypeId, usize)>>,
+    counts: HashMap<(WidgetId, TypeId), usize>,
+    map: HashMap<Key, Box<dyn Any>>,
+}
+
+impl WidgetState {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+    pub fn add<T: 'static>(&mut self, id: WidgetId, data: T) -> WeakState<T> {
+        let ty = TypeId::of::<T>();
+        let count = self.counts.entry((id, ty)).or_default();
+        let i = *count;
+        let key = Key { ty, i, id };
+        self.map.insert(key, Box::new(data));
+        self.widgets.entry(id).or_default().insert((ty, i));
+        *count += 1;
+        WeakState {
+            key,
+            _pd: PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId) {
+        for &(ty, i) in self.widgets.get(&id).into_iter().flatten() {
+            self.map.remove(&Key { id, ty, i });
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn get<T: 'static>(&self, state: WeakState<T>) -> &T {
+        self.map.get(&state.key).unwrap().downcast_ref().unwrap()
+    }
+    pub fn get_mut<T: 'static>(&mut self, state: WeakState<T>) -> &mut T {
+        self.map
+            .get_mut(&state.key)
+            .unwrap()
+            .downcast_mut()
+            .unwrap()
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct WeakState<T> {
+    key: Key,
+    _pd: PhantomData<T>,
+}
+
+pub trait HasWidgetState {
+    fn widget_state(&self) -> &WidgetState;
+    fn widget_state_mut(&mut self) -> &mut WidgetState;
+}
+
+impl<'a, T: 'static> FnOnce<(&'a mut WidgetState,)> for WeakState<T> {
+    type Output = &'a mut T;
+
+    extern "rust-call" fn call_once(self, (state,): (&'a mut WidgetState,)) -> Self::Output {
+        state.get_mut(self)
+    }
+}

src/default/task.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ use tokio::{
         unbounded_channel as async_channel,
     },
 };
-use winit::window::Window;
 
 pub type TaskMsgSender<Rsc> = SyncSender<Box<dyn TaskUpdate<Rsc>>>;
 pub type TaskMsgReceiver<Rsc> = SyncReceiver<Box<dyn TaskUpdate<Rsc>>>;
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ impl<F: FnOnce(&mut Rsc::State, &mut Rsc) + Send, Rsc: HasState> TaskUpdate<Rsc>
 
 pub struct Tasks<Rsc: HasState> {
     start: AsyncSender<BoxTask>,
-    window: Arc<Window>,
+    request_update: Arc<dyn Fn() + Send + Sync>,
     msg_send: SyncSender<Box<dyn TaskUpdate<Rsc>>>,
 }
 
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ impl<Rsc: HasState + 'static> TaskCtx<Rsc> {
 type BoxTask = Pin<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()> + Send>>;
 
 impl<Rsc: HasState> Tasks<Rsc> {
-    pub fn init(window: Arc<Window>) -> (Self, TaskMsgReceiver<Rsc>) {
+    pub fn init(request_update: impl Fn() + 'static + Send + Sync) -> (Self, TaskMsgReceiver<Rsc>) {
         let (start, start_recv) = async_channel();
         let (msgs, msgs_recv) = sync_channel();
         std::thread::spawn(|| {
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ impl<Rsc: HasState> Tasks<Rsc> {
             Self {
                 start,
                 msg_send: msgs,
-                window,
+                request_update: Arc::new(request_update),
             },
             msgs_recv,
         )
@@ -67,10 +66,10 @@ impl<Rsc: HasState> Tasks<Rsc> {
         F::CallOnceFuture: Send,
     {
         let send = self.msg_send.clone();
-        let window = self.window.clone();
+        let request_update = self.request_update.clone();
         let _ = self.start.send(Box::pin(async move {
             task(TaskCtx::new(send)).await;
-            window.request_redraw();
+            request_update();
         }));
     }
 }

src/event.rs

@@ -57,6 +57,13 @@ widget_trait! {
 
 pub trait HasTasks: Sized + HasState + HasEvents {
     fn tasks_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Tasks<Self>;
+
+    fn spawn_task<F: AsyncFnOnce(TaskCtx<Self>) + 'static + std::marker::Send>(&mut self, task: F)
+    where
+        F::CallOnceFuture: Send,
+    {
+        self.tasks_mut().spawn(task);
+    }
 }
 
 pub trait AsyncWidgetEventFn<Rsc: HasEvents, W: ?Sized>:

src/widget/mod.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ mod ptr;
 mod rect;
 mod text;
 mod trait_fns;
+mod selector;
 
 pub use image::*;
 pub use mask::*;
@@ -13,3 +14,4 @@ pub use ptr::*;
 pub use rect::*;
 pub use text::*;
 pub use trait_fns::*;
+pub use selector::*;

src/widget/position/span.rs

@@ -152,32 +152,32 @@ impl Span {
     }
 }
 
-pub struct SpanBuilder<State, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag> {
-    pub children: Wa,
+pub struct SpanBuilder<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag> {
+    pub children: Children,
     pub dir: Dir,
     pub gap: f32,
-    _pd: PhantomData<(State, Tag)>,
+    _pd: PhantomData<(Rsc, Tag, GTag)>,
 }
 
-impl<Rsc, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<Rsc, LEN, Tag>, Tag> WidgetFnTrait<Rsc>
-    for SpanBuilder<Rsc, LEN, Wa, Tag>
+impl<Children: IntoWidgetVec<Rsc, Tag, GTag>, Rsc, Tag, GTag> WidgetFnTrait<Rsc>
+    for SpanBuilder<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag>
 {
     type Widget = Span;
 
     #[track_caller]
     fn run(self, rsc: &mut Rsc) -> Self::Widget {
         Span {
-            children: self.children.add(rsc).arr.into_iter().collect(),
+            children: self.children.into_vec(rsc),
             dir: self.dir,
             gap: self.gap,
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<State, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag>
-    SpanBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag>
+impl<Children: IntoWidgetVec<Rsc, Tag, GTag>, Rsc, Tag, GTag>
+    SpanBuilder<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag>
 {
-    pub fn new(children: Wa, dir: Dir) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(children: Children, dir: Dir) -> Self {
         Self {
             children,
             dir,

src/widget/position/stack.rs

@@ -42,30 +42,28 @@ pub enum StackSize {
     Child(usize),
 }
 
-pub struct StackBuilder<State, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag> {
-    pub children: Wa,
+pub struct StackBuilder<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag> {
+    pub children: Children,
     pub size: StackSize,
-    _pd: PhantomData<(State, Tag)>,
+    _pd: PhantomData<(Rsc, Tag, GTag)>,
 }
 
-impl<Rsc, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<Rsc, LEN, Tag>, Tag> WidgetFnTrait<Rsc>
-    for StackBuilder<Rsc, LEN, Wa, Tag>
+impl<Children: IntoWidgetVec<Rsc, Tag, GTag>, Rsc, Tag, GTag> WidgetFnTrait<Rsc>
+    for StackBuilder<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag>
 {
     type Widget = Stack;
 
     #[track_caller]
     fn run(self, rsc: &mut Rsc) -> Self::Widget {
         Stack {
-            children: self.children.add(rsc).arr.into_iter().collect(),
+            children: self.children.into_vec(rsc),
             size: self.size,
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<State, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag>
-    StackBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag>
-{
-    pub fn new(children: Wa) -> Self {
+impl<Children: IntoWidgetVec<Rsc, Tag, GTag>, Rsc, Tag, GTag> StackBuilder<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag> {
+    pub fn new(children: Children) -> Self {
         Self {
             children,
             size: StackSize::default(),

src/widget/ptr.rs

@@ -30,8 +30,10 @@ impl Widget for WidgetPtr {
 }
 
 impl WidgetPtr {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self::default()
+    pub fn new(widget: StrongWidget) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            inner: Some(widget),
+        }
     }
     pub fn empty() -> Self {
         Self {

src/widget/selector.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+use std::hash::Hash;
+
+use iris_core::util::HashMap;
+
+use crate::prelude::*;
+
+pub struct WidgetSelector<T> {
+    current: (T, StrongWidget),
+    map: HashMap<T, StrongWidget>,
+}
+
+impl<T: Hash + Eq> WidgetSelector<T> {
+    pub fn new(key: T, widget: StrongWidget) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            current: (key, widget),
+            map: Default::default(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn set(&mut self, key: T, widget: StrongWidget) {
+        self.map.insert(key, widget);
+    }
+
+    pub fn select(&mut self, key: T) -> bool {
+        if let Some(val) = self.map.remove(&key) {
+            let mut new = (key, val);
+            std::mem::swap(&mut new, &mut self.current);
+            self.map.insert(new.0, new.1);
+            true
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: 'static> Widget for WidgetSelector<T> {
+    fn draw(&mut self, painter: &mut Painter) {
+        painter.widget(&self.current.1);
+    }
+
+    fn desired_width(&mut self, ctx: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len {
+        ctx.width(&self.current.1)
+    }
+
+    fn desired_height(&mut self, ctx: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len {
+        ctx.height(&self.current.1)
+    }
+}

src/widget/trait_fns.rs

@@ -131,18 +131,61 @@ widget_trait! {
     }
 }
 
-pub trait CoreWidgetArr<Rsc, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<Rsc, LEN, Tag>, Tag> {
-    fn span(self, dir: Dir) -> SpanBuilder<Rsc, LEN, Wa, Tag>;
-    fn stack(self) -> StackBuilder<Rsc, LEN, Wa, Tag>;
+pub trait CoreWidgetArr<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag> {
+    fn span(self, dir: Dir) -> SpanBuilder<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag>;
+    fn stack(self) -> StackBuilder<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag>;
 }
 
-impl<State, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag>
-    CoreWidgetArr<State, LEN, Wa, Tag> for Wa
+impl<Children: IntoWidgetVec<Rsc, Tag, GTag>, Rsc, Tag, GTag>
+    CoreWidgetArr<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag> for Children
 {
-    fn span(self, dir: Dir) -> SpanBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag> {
+    fn span(self, dir: Dir) -> SpanBuilder<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag> {
         SpanBuilder::new(self, dir)
     }
-    fn stack(self) -> StackBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag> {
+    fn stack(self) -> StackBuilder<Children, Rsc, Tag, GTag> {
         StackBuilder::new(self)
     }
 }
+
+pub trait RscFnMap<Rsc> {
+    type Input;
+    fn rsc_map<O>(
+        self,
+        f: impl Fn(Self::Input, &mut Rsc) -> O + Clone,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = impl FnOnce(&mut Rsc) -> O>;
+}
+
+impl<I: IntoIterator, Rsc> RscFnMap<Rsc> for I {
+    type Input = I::Item;
+    fn rsc_map<O>(
+        self,
+        f: impl Fn(Self::Input, &mut Rsc) -> O + Clone,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = impl FnOnce(&mut Rsc) -> O> {
+        self.into_iter().map(move |i| {
+            let f = f.clone();
+            move |rsc: &mut Rsc| f(i, rsc)
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait WidgetFnMap<Rsc: UiRsc> {
+    fn widget_map<O: WidgetLike<Rsc, Tag>, Tag>(
+        self,
+        f: impl Fn(WeakWidget) -> O + Clone,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = impl FnOnce(&mut Rsc) -> WeakWidget>;
+}
+
+impl<I: IntoIterator, Rsc: UiRsc> WidgetFnMap<Rsc> for I
+where
+    I::Item: WidgetIdFn<Rsc>,
+{
+    fn widget_map<O: WidgetLike<Rsc, Tag>, Tag>(
+        self,
+        f: impl Fn(WeakWidget) -> O + Clone,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = impl FnOnce(&mut Rsc) -> WeakWidget> {
+        self.into_iter().map(move |f2| {
+            let f = f.clone();
+            move |rsc: &mut Rsc| f(f2(rsc)).add(rsc) as WeakWidget
+        })
+    }
+}