`redraw` asks a dirty widget at its offer, and then again in the final box
its parent chose from that answer. The second ask handed that box over as if
it were an offer, so `draw_inner` ran `placed_box` on it and applied the
widget's own alignment to a box that had already been placed -- a second
placement on every local redraw of a widget that is not near-aligned. It
only showed where the widget's alignment was its own to apply: a container
override makes `draw_inner` take the box as given, and `Stack`, `Pad` and
`Scroll` override every child they hand a box to.
It is the fix for both of the handoff's standing warm-against-cold failures.
Shrinker seed 288 on `region-node` was an 8.8px inset at each end of a `Text`
under a `Span(Y-)` under two `Stack`s; oracle seed 326 at depth 6 was 88px on
a `Text` under two `Branch`es. Neither reduced below 11 and 43 widgets, and
both are this.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 80 suite tests, 17 core unit tests, the release oracle
at 100 seeds, **all fifteen shrinker cases at 400 seeds of depth 5**, and
**1000 seeds of depth 6** -- the last two for the first time. `tabs`, `text`,
`random` and the tab replay render byte-identical at 1920x1200 against
`08c9d5a`, since nothing about a cold layout changes.
Generated seed 20 at depth 4 catches it and joins the ordinary set, so
`cargo test` fails without this rather than only the ignored long run.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Bryan's call, 2026-09-16, taken for the cycles: a share now lands a
thousandth of a pixel short of its row instead of on it, which is less than
an even number of pixels draws.
`Fixed::mul` is a widening multiply and a shift, with the sign branch and the
half-step add gone. The two short-circuits priced against the old multiply go
with it: `UiSpan::within`'s test for a span that is the whole of its parent,
and `Fixed::scaled`'s test for nothing scaled by something, which was the
whole of `scaled` -- both cases come out of the truncating multiply unchanged,
and the bodies the comparisons cost were what kept the inliner from taking
`within` at all. `nm` is the check: `<UiSpan>::within` is a symbol in the
rounding head and in neither the float head nor this one.
`Holds::through` inverts the multiply, so its widening is re-derived: each
rounding now drops a whole step where it dropped half of one, which doubles
the allowance for the two routes to a length, and the multiply on the way in
drops only downward, so its own step goes at the top of the range alone. The
derived allowance for one truncation either side is measurably too narrow --
it excludes boxes drawings were made in, in eleven generated cases -- because
each route is a chain of multiplies rather than one.
Measured on the fixed-shape fixture (`Edits::fixed_branches`), seed 1 depth 8,
500 frames of `many`, medians of 25 runs of uninstrumented release binaries
with this VM's garbage `perf` readings dropped:
| | instructions | cycles | IPC |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| `5ed9e87`, the float head | 1,761M | 688M | 2.561 |
| `60367d8`, rounding | 1,915M | 777M | 2.465 |
| this | 1,800M | 715M | 2.516 |
-6.0% instructions and -8.0% cycles against `60367d8`, whose twenty-five work
counters are identical to this one's, so that pair is the same work at a
different speed. It leaves +2.2% and +3.9% against the float head, from
+8.7% and +12.9% -- but the float head draws 100 widgets to this one's 97 and
writes 4,272 primitives to 3,951, so that pair is not, and the remainder is
not all arithmetic.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 80 suite tests and 18 core unit tests, the release
oracle at 100 seeds, all fifteen shrinker cases at 400 seeds of depth 5 (seed
288 on `region-node` still failing, unchanged), and depth-6 oracle seeds 18
and 190 passing with 326 still failing. `view`, `minimal`, `text`, `random`
and the tab replay render byte-identical at 1920x1200; `tabs` differs on
4,664 of 2,304,000 pixels, single-pixel-wide runs along 80 columns of one
band of rounded rects, which is an antialiased edge moved less than a pixel.
Three tests say what changed rather than being relaxed: a multiply drops on
both sides of zero, a division cannot put back what it dropped, and an
unevenly nested row's shares stay contiguous and end at its edge with each
edge on the even division or one step below.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A dirty widget is asked again in the box its parent asked it in, and then
again in the box its parent chose from that answer. The second ask was
skipped whenever the two boxes were the same *length*, which is not the same
question: an offer as long as the final box but somewhere else is a different
box. `d3b0ebf` already compared whole boxes for `parent_must_place` and left
this one a length comparison, so the two halves of one decision disagreed.
It shows on a region node, which draws the box it drew in into its own move
entry. A scroll inside a scrolled span is offered the outer scroll's whole
viewport and placed 24px above it, the height of the sized child the outer
scroll snaps to the end of; redrawing only its text left it at the offer and
24px too low. `tests/cases/unsettled.rs` had that five-widget tree ignored as
a known defect and now runs it.
`px_region` names the walk both comparisons and `window_region` were writing
out.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 80 tests, the release oracle at 100 seeds, all fifteen
shrinker cases at 400 seeds of depth 5, and `tabs`, `view`, `minimal`,
`text`, `random` plus the tab replay byte-identical at 1920x1200 against
`98d4e98`. The `many` fixture's twenty-five counters are unchanged.
Fixed with it, from the handoff's unreduced leads: shrinker seeds 174 and 175
on `repaint-some` and seed 2 on `region-node`, and oracle seeds 18 and 190 at
depth 6. Still failing: shrinker seed 288 on `region-node`, and oracle seed
326 at depth 6, which reduces to 43 widgets around two `Branch`es and is not
this.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The oracle grew its trees from a seed and the shrinker grew its own, with
every scenario written out on each side. So a failure the oracle found could
not be handed to the shrinker: there was no tree to pass it, only a seed, and
a seed cannot be made smaller. The shrinker could only grow its own trees and
hope to meet the same shape, which it does not -- 20,000 of its trees never
reproduced what the oracle's seed 18 shows at depth 6.
`iris::random` now answers with a `Plan`: `plan(seed, depth, &edits)` draws one
out of the random stream and `build(rsc, &plan)` makes the widgets, where
`grow` did both at once. Every draw happens in the order it always has, so a
seed still means the tree it meant -- checked by running the oracle at 1000
seeds of depth 6 before and after and getting the same three failures with the
same boxes. `Plan::smaller` reduces one, `Plan::edited` applies an `Edits` to a
tree that already exists, and `tests/scenario/` holds the fifteen cases both
rigs now run over the same trees.
A span keeps the order it holds its children in apart from the children
themselves, so detaching, attaching and reordering leave the widgets made in
the same order and two builds still line up index for index. `Tree::detached`
is gone: `Spanned::spares` is everything made for a span that it does not
hold, which is what both of those were.
`tests/cases/plan.rs` pins the three properties the rest rests on: editing a
plan is growing one with those edits, every simplification is smaller than
what it came from, and reducing ends. The second caught this change's own
defect, where dropping a side of a `Branch` duplicated another and grew the
tree by four widgets.
What it found, on its first run: `SHRINK_SEED=18 SHRINK_DEPTH=6
SHRINK_CASE=repaint-some` reduces 277 widgets to 5. A scroll inside a scroll,
the inner one owning a movable region, and only the text at the bottom marked
for redraw -- and the span lands 24px out, which is exactly the sized child's
height. `git bisect` names `95fb4f9`, where `Masked` began reporting its box
rather than its inner's size, so what the outer scroll is told its content
measures now depends on whether the inner subtree was redrawn this frame.
`tests/cases/unsettled.rs` has it written out, ignored until it is fixed.
Checked: fmt, clippy over all targets with -D warnings, the workspace tests
(79 + 11 + 15, one ignored for the defect above), and the 100-seed oracle over
all fifteen cases at depth 4. The shrinker at 400 seeds of depth 5 now fails,
which it did not before running the oracle's trees and cases: seeds 2 and 288
on region-node and 174 and 175 on repaint-some are unreduced leads.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`Branch` picks which of two subtrees to draw by comparing a measured pixel
length with a threshold. That is exactly what the oracle wants -- it is how a
widget believing a measurement a cold start would not have given it becomes a
different tree -- and exactly what a rig measuring cost must not have: the
fixture's shape moves with the thing being measured.
It has been moving. Seed 1 at depth 8 draws 88 widgets and writes 2,298
primitives a frame at `5ed9e87`, and 115 and 8,209 at `bd6de71` -- three and
a half times the work -- so the handoff's "fixed point cost 3x" compared two
different workloads and is withdrawn. Measured on one tree instead, with
`Edits::fixed_branches`, `5ed9e87` is 1,761M instructions and ~699M cycles
against this head's 2,093M and ~819M, while drawing 100 widgets against 97
and writing 4,272 primitives against 3,951. Fixed point costs something like
a fifth to a quarter, not three times.
The oracle keeps measured branches: `fixed_branches` is false by default and
only the rig sets it. A branch consumes its randomness either way, so both
grow the same ids.
**Check the work counters before comparing two commits' times.** The rig
prints drawn widgets, widget draws and primitive writes for this reason;
an undrawn `leftover` child still moves them, which no flag can remove.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 105 tests, the 100-seed generated oracle.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`Painter::ruled` answered "is there a rule beside me on this axis", which is
the same question as "is my report moot" only while `Exact` is the only rule
there is. `Min`, `Max` and `Clamp` are queued, and under one of those the
answer is still the widget's to give and a span across itself still has to
read its children -- so the name would have been true and the meaning wrong,
which is the worst way for a predicate to age.
It is `has_exact_size` now, over `SizeRule::exact` rather than `known`.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`UiScalar` was `Len` without the `leftover` weight, which is the separation
canonical `main` already had as `Len` beside `LayoutLen` and this branch
collapsed. It is needed back for the queued clamp: a cap may not contain a
share, because a cap has to read the report a rule otherwise makes moot, and
a share puts the container's division into the same equation -- two
self-consistent assignments, which is the multiple-fixed-point failure
generated seed 13 punished for orthogonal sizing. `min(report, cap)` is not
a `LayoutLen` either: it is a sum of parts, and the smaller of two of them
is not one.
So `UiScalar` is `Len`, what was `Len` is `LayoutLen`, and the two say in
their docs which is which: a `Len` is pixels plus a fraction of a box -- a
position being the length from the box's start, which is why a span is two
of them -- and a `LayoutLen` is a `Len` plus a claim only a container
dividing its room can answer. `From<Len> for LayoutLen` is the one-way step
between them.
Names only; the shader's `UiScalar` is renamed with them. Checked: fmt,
clippy, 105 tests, and `tabs`, `minimal`, `view`, `text` and `random`
byte-identical at 1920x1200.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Fixed point cost 3x in layout: `many` went from 0.179 ms a frame to 0.544,
and `scroll` from 0.011 to 0.030. The counters said why -- eight more "placed
by redrawing" a frame -- and the reason was mine rather than the grid's. A
retained drawing belongs to the layer it was made on, which `4e28f10` started
enforcing, and `Stack` measures the child that sizes it by drawing it on its
own layer and then draws it again on the child layer. So every stacked child
redrew twice a frame, forever.
`Painter::child_layer_at` addresses a child's layer rather than walking to
it, and `Stack` measures on the layer that child ends up on. The second ask
is then a reuse. Its glyphs are written once rather than once under the
background and once over it.
Measured on the same fixture: `scroll` 0.031 ms to 0.020, `many` 0.570 to
0.283, and the scroll phase's counters are back to what they were before
fixed point -- 4 widget draws and 12 draw requests a frame, exactly. What is
left above that baseline is not this.
`ReuseOutcome` could not say "another layer" or "the region-node choice
changed"; both returned without a counter, which is why the first look at
this said nothing. They have counters now.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 105 tests, five shrinker cases at 300 seeds, 100
generated seeds, and the examples byte-identical but for 36 pixels of
`random` at one level -- edges that were being drawn twice.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`Scroll` reports `LEFTOVER` on both axes because it clips its content to its
box: it can neither take less of one nor honestly ask for more. `Masked` is
the other widget that clips and was passing its inner's size up, so a mask
over something taller than its box asked to be placed at the length it had
just cut off. It reports its box now, for the same reason.
The `debug_assert` the handoff has been asking for is the one that would have
caught both, narrowed to what is actually true: a widget that set a mask this
draw has to report inside the box it drew in. Reported as "does not exceed
the box" it fires on ordinary overflow instead -- measured, a hundred fuzzer
trees produce thousands of them, every one a text too tall for the box it was
offered, which is what a text is meant to say.
`tests/cases/scroll.rs` has a clipping widget that reports its content, to
show the assertion catches it.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 104 tests, all five shrinker cases at 300 seeds, 100
generated seeds, five examples byte-identical at 1920x1200.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Traced what was left of the warm-against-cold difference after fixed point.
It is not accumulation and not one place: it is the same box reached two
ways, and each way rounds where the other does not.
`Scroll` was writing a box it had been given back out as its own length in
pixels. That is the same box in another form, and centring a part in `rel 1`
lands a step from centring it in `px 900`, because halving a difference is
not halving each part of it. Content that fills the viewport and has not been
scrolled is now handed back as it came, which makes the shrinker's `repaint`
and `resize-repaint` cases agree exactly rather than within a step.
`Span` placed each child a step from where the last one ended, so the
rounding of every share was carried along the row. A position is now the
fixed parts before it -- a sum, exact -- plus one rounded share of the room.
Measured: two hundred equal shares of a 1000 px row ended at 999.999 and now
end at 1000, and `tests/cases/layout.rs` pins it at 2, 3, 7, 64 and 200.
What is left is a step per level of nesting between the two ways, which is
what the fuzzers now allow: four of the five shrinker cases pass at one step
and the fifth is five spans deep. Closing it needs one way of asking where a
box is, which is a bigger change than this.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 103 tests, all five shrinker cases at 300 seeds, 100
generated seeds, five examples byte-identical at 1920x1200.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A span is as long across itself as its longest child, unless a rule beside it
already says how long it is -- and then reading the children answers nothing
and only makes its size depend on theirs. `OrthoSize::Full` was that second
case written twice, once as an enum on the span and once as the rule that
actually decides; `Painter::ruled` lets the span ask which it is in. The
widget under a rule still does not learn what the rule says, only that its
answer for that axis is not wanted.
The fuzzers grow, lay out and drop a tree within one seed, so the seeds share
nothing and take a thread each, one short of every core. Measured here: the
generated oracle's hundred seeds went from 68 s to 10 s, and a shrinker case
at 300 seeds from 18 s to 3.5 s. A seed that fails still shrinks and panics
on its own thread, and `std::thread::scope` carries that out.
The shrinker now allows the two steps the oracle already did -- the deeper
trees these grow reach a second composition, and a step is a thousandth of a
pixel.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 102 tests, all five shrinker cases at 300 seeds, 100
generated seeds, and five examples byte-identical at 1920x1200.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Eleven `tests/*.rs` were eleven binaries, each linking the whole graph --
`wgpu` and all -- to run a handful of cases. They are modules of one target
now, under `tests/cases/`, and `cargo test --test suite layout::` still picks
one out. The fuzzers and the `*_cost` measurements stay their own targets:
they are run on their own and want to be selectable without building the
rest.
`profile.test` takes `debug = "line-tables-only"`, which is what a backtrace
here actually reads; the type and variable information was the bulk of what
the linker was writing.
Measured on this machine, rebuilding `iris`'s test targets after a change to
the crate: 14.3 s before, 9.8 s with one target, 7.7 s with both. `target/`
went from 45 GB to 13 GB. The suite still passes 102 tests, and the binary
still carries `.debug_line`.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`Px` and `PxVec2` reach the last places a pixel was a float: the window, the
box a widget reads, the box it is compared against, and `PixelRegion`. A
pointer, a wheel notch and a shaped glyph advance still arrive as floats,
and each is put on the grid where it arrives.
`Holds` is an interval of `Px`. `HOLDS_EPSILON_PX` is gone with the
`exact`/tolerant split it existed for: `at` is the length a widget read, an
open end is the next step along, and `same_px` is equality. `Span`'s margin
from `5ed9e87` goes too -- the box a parent hands back and the sum of what
its children asked for are counts of the same step, so the boundary decides
the same way from either side.
Three things had to be true for that, and were not:
`Holds::through` inverts `px + rel * box`, which rounds -- so a part of a
given length came from a range of boxes, and inverting the length alone gave
a point that need not contain the box the part was drawn in. It now maps the
half step either side, and one more for a length composed down the chain
against the same length measured against the window.
`RegionRemap` translates when a box only moved, rather than dividing to find
each part's fraction and multiplying to place it again. Two roundings landed
a step from where growing the tree that way does; a move is exact on a grid,
which is the whole reason `tests/drift.rs` was written.
A pixel is `1/1024` rather than `1/64`. At `1/64` the residue of a length
reached two ways was one step, and one step was 0.016 px -- enough to move
a box. `PX_SHIFT` and `REL_SHIFT` are the only statement of the grid now,
and the shader's copy is prepended from them rather than written twice.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 102 tests, 100 generated seeds in 75 s, all five
shrinker cases at 300 seeds, and `tabs`, `view`, `minimal`, `text` and
`random` byte-identical at 1920x1200.
What the fuzzers ask for is now a step, not a twentieth of a pixel: the
shrinker's five cases agree within one (`resize` exactly), and the oracle's
two-operation cases within two. The residue is a single rounding either way
-- it scales with the grid rather than accumulating, which is why it is a
thousandth of a pixel now. Closing it means one way of asking how long a box
is, rather than a chain composed down and a length measured against the
window; that is a bigger change than this one.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`Len` is `Px` beside `Rel` beside `Weight`, so the seam `4e28f10` left in
`Span` -- a float length added to a fixed-point cursor -- is gone, and the
sum a span compares against its box is exact.
`Weight` is its own scale, `Fixed<16>`, because a share of what is left over
is not a fraction of anything: a list divides its room by the total of them,
so the range has to hold a whole list's worth while the precision only has to
tell two weights apart. `Rel::ratio` turns two weights into a share on the
finer grid, which is what a span needs and what dividing them on their own
grid would round away.
`AxisAlign` holds a `Rel` rather than a float, which is what the layout was
reading out of it anyway. `Padding` and `Span::gap` hold `Px`, converted
where they are built instead of on every frame. `RegionAlign::rel` is gone;
its one caller wanted a position, and now builds one.
`Fixed` gains `from_num` for a number as it is written in source, `mul_int`
for a length repeated a whole number of times, and `ratio`.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 101 tests, 100 generated seeds in 86 s, all five
shrinker cases at 300 seeds, and all five examples byte-identical at
1920x1200 against `4e28f10`.
With the fuzzer comparing for equality rather than within 0.05 px, four of
the five cases now pass 100 seeds -- `resize-repaint` joins the other three.
`reorder` still fails one seed by one step, so the last of it is in what a
box is measured *in*: `px_len` and the window are still floats.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`UiScalar` is `Rel` beside `Px` rather than two floats, so composing a
position down a chain of boxes adds exactly and rounds only at the two
multiplies `within` makes. `UiSpan`, `UiRegion` and `UiVec2` follow it, the
hand-written `Hash` goes away with the bits it hashed, and `impl_op!` grows a
`same` form for a type whose fields are not the same kind of number.
`Len` is still floats, so the seam converts: `Px::from_f32` where a span adds
a child's length to its cursor, and `to_f32` where something outside layout
wants pixels. Those go when `Len` follows.
The GPU reads what the CPU wrote: the instance attributes are `Sint32x2` and
the shader decodes by `1/64` and `1/2^24`, both exact in `f32`, then composes
the move chain in floats as before. It has to agree with itself frame to
frame rather than with the CPU to the last bit.
Two things fell out of making the numbers exact.
`floor` at the rasteriser was picking the pixel below wherever a fraction
divided a window exactly. A fifth of 1920 is 383.99998 through a rounded
`Rel` -- and was 384.0 through an `f32` that happened to round up -- so five
tabs each lost their last column. `snap_floor` takes a coordinate within half
a step of a boundary to be on it, which is the same rule as everywhere else
here: decide where values do not land.
A widget measured on one layer and drawn again on another kept the first
layer, because `try_reuse` compared everything about a retained drawing
except which list it sits in. `Stack` does exactly that for its background,
so every panel's text went under its own background. It only worked before
because the two asks differed by a rounding and forced a redraw;
`tests/retained.rs` pins it now, and `ReuseOutcome` can say `WrongLayer`.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 100 tests, 100 generated seeds in 70 s, all five
shrinker cases at 300 seeds. `tabs`, `view` and `minimal` render
byte-identical at 1920x1200; `random` differs in 36 pixels by one level;
`text` differs where glyph origins moved onto the grid -- same positions,
same spacing, different subpixel coverage, checked at 6x against the old
render.
Measured on the way: with the fuzzer comparing for *equality* rather than
within 0.05 px, `resize`, `repaint` and `size-change` already pass 100 seeds.
`reorder` fails one seed by exactly one step, which is the `Len` seam above.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The shrinker's `reorder` case had two red seeds at depth 5, and neither was
about reordering. A span asks whether anything is left over by comparing its
box in pixels with what its fixed and relative children fill. Where the
parent sized that box from this span's own answer those are the same number,
and the box returns through the chain a few bits off, so 0.00003 px decided
it: warm rounded under and left a leftover-only child undrawn, cold rounded
over and drew it at zero length. Both are stable, and the pixels are the
same either way, which is why nothing but the oracle could see it.
The room to divide is `len * fixed - total.px`, and under `HOLDS_EPSILON_PX`
of it is now none. That moves the boundary off the length boxes land on
rather than making the comparison tolerant: the validity range is still
split at the boundary exactly, as generated seed 16 requires, and what it
gives up is a share of under a twentieth of a pixel. The same margin answers
the `fixed == 0` arm, where the only room is what negative pixels leave.
`tests/unsettled.rs` gets the six-widget tree, shrunk from 266. It needs the
span above the one that divides: without a box composed through it both
trees round the same way and the boundary is never crossed.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 89 tests, 100 generated seeds agreeing in 68.5 s, and
all five shrinker cases at 1000 seeds of depth 6 (159,024 widgets each).
`tabs`, `view`, `minimal`, `text` and `random` render byte-identical at
1920x1200 against the same worktree without the change.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`.width()` built a `SetSize` whose whole job was to answer `size_hint`, so
every declared length cost a widget, an `ActiveData` and a link of chain to
say one number. It is now a `SizeRule` per axis on `WidgetData`, beside
`region_node`, resolved by `Painter` where the widget is drawn. `SetSize`
and `MaxSize` are gone; `MaxSize` had no caller but its own builders.
That settles which of two answers is the size. A rule wins on the axis it
names and the `Size` returned by `draw` answers the rest, applied once in
`draw_inner` rather than by each widget that could carry one -- so the
widget under a rule never learns of it. `Painter::size_hint` reads the rule
first for the same reason: a rule that beats what a widget would draw has
to beat what it says about itself.
`declared_lens` still falls back to a non-leftover `size_hint`, which is
how an image or a gap gets its own pixel size rather than the whole offer.
That is the offer's business rather than a declaration's, and it falls away
when a widget occupies its reported size inside the box it was offered.
`known` and `declared` are separate because a share is a length to whoever
divides one and not to whoever composes a box: `.width(leftover(3))` is
known without drawing but cannot narrow anything.
Checked: fmt, clippy, 85 tests, and 100 generated seeds agreeing warm
against cold in 67.6 s. `minimal`, `text` and `view` render byte-identical
at 1920x1200; `tabs` differs only in the widget count it prints about
itself, which is two wrapper types smaller.
A move rewrites a retained subtree's stored regions, and those stores are
the only record of where it is. So a move that works from the last answer
integrates its own rounding with nothing to correct it, while one that
re-expresses each part as the same fraction of the new box is anchored to
that box and cannot.
Nothing was checking which of those `try_reuse` does. Replacing the fraction
with an offset added to both endpoints -- which is cheaper, and looks like it
should be exact for a translation -- shortens this fixture's row by 0.071
over 20,000 moves and by 0.712 over 200,000, growing with the count rather
than settling. That is five minutes of scrolling at 60Hz to pass the 0.05
physical pixels layout treats as the same place, and it keeps going. Placing
the far end from the near one instead of offsetting both leaves 0.069, since
the length is re-derived from the endpoints either way.
The existing warm-against-cold checks did not reach it: the generated oracle
compares within 0.05, and `unsettled.rs` compares exactly but only over a
handful of frames, where the drift is still 6e-5.
The length kind that asks for a part of what is left once the fixed
lengths are taken is called leftover: Len::leftover(2), Len::LEFTOVER,
Size::LEFTOVER, Len::leftover the field, and apply_leftover. It says
what it is where "rest" reads as "the remainder of the list" as often as
"the remaining space", and every agent who has touched this has reached
for a third word for it.
Locals called rest that meant a region or a widget are renamed with it,
since the word now names something else.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Both edges of a fixed length share their box's fraction, so composing
the chain moves them together and the shader's floor can shift the pixel
between them but not round it away. The second test is the case that
makes the first one worth having: a span short of room takes it from its
shares, which go to nothing and then past it, and never from the fixed
lengths between them. Expressing the same line as a fraction of the
output fails both, which is what the tests are there to keep visible.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A local redraw drew a dirty widget in the box it was placed in. When a reader
decided that box from the widget's own answer -- an aligned span sized to its
children, a text at the tail of a row, a scroll's content -- the old answer is a
fixed point of measuring there whatever the content now says, so the layout had
two stable answers and which one it reached depended on the tree's history.
`tests/unsettled.rs` has the two shrunk cases: the four-widget aligned span,
and a scroll placing a pass-through `SetSize` in a box the content decided,
where the span under it was placed once and nothing at its own edge said so.
`ActiveData::offered_px` keeps the pixel size of the box the parent first asked
about the child in, whether through `known_len` or a first `place`, beside `px`,
the box it drew against. A dirty widget whose size reads an axis on which some
reader up its chain gave what it read a box other than the one it asked in is
not drawn locally: the chain is marked and the parent of the highest such
placement draws, since above it every box is a constraint rather than an
answer. The walk goes up the whole reader chain because a pass-through hands a
derived box down unchanged.
`Scroll` read its box's length for the clamp through `px_len`, which records
the reported size as depending on it, and it does not: its size is its
content's. That made every scroll tick a size question asked in a derived box,
at 34x the instructions. `Painter::px_len_for_draw` is the read that records
nothing. Instructions per frame on the depth-8 rig against the previous head:
`many` at 32 dirty 0.66M to 0.74M, at 130 dirty 27.7M to 26.5M, `resize` 15.8M
to 15.0M, `scroll`, `repaint` and `size` unchanged. The shrinking fuzzer passes
200 trees at depth 7 in all four cases, the hundred-seed sweep passes, and the
five reference renders and the resize render are byte-identical.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The shrinking fuzzer had no case for what `generated.rs` calls a reshuffle,
which was the only thing still failing there. `Case::Reorder` rotates every
span's children after a warm frame and compares against a tree grown that
way -- which needs a span's creation order kept apart from the order its
children are attached in, or the two trees make the same widgets in
different orders and cannot be lined up.
It found a four-widget tree, from 486, and the trace says the layout has
more than one answer rather than one answer reached twice.
Aligned(mid, -, Span[ Text(wrap), OneLine ])
A span measures its children in its own box. Its own box is what its parent
gave it, from the size it reported, from those children. So with the
wrapping text second it is offered `cursor..end` of a span 663.376 wide and
asked for 357.44, which is what it already holds -- the size is valid, the
span reports 663.376 again, and nothing moves. Grown in that order from
scratch the span is offered the window, the text is asked for 334.06 and
answers 318.45, and the span settles at 624.38. Both are stable. Which one
you get depends on what the tree was before.
So this is not a stale drawing kept too long, and no rule about when to
keep one will fix it: it is a circular dependency with two solutions.
`Painter::settle` in `Aligned` -- place into the child's own size without
measuring there -- makes all four cases in `unsettled.rs` pass and breaks
two in `generated.rs`, whether or not the child is drawn first. Not kept;
the shape of the fix is the constraint a container measures under being
something it is given rather than something it ends up with.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Six widgets from 905, and it fails in 0.06s: everything inside a declared
189x176 box is the same size whatever the output is, so a resize may not
reach any of it, and the text still comes out 3.92px narrower warm than
cold.
`tests/trace_unsettled.rs` says why, and it is not what it looked like. A
span measures a content-sized child in the space remaining, is told 167.41,
and then offers that back as the child's box -- so the text is re-broken at
exactly its own longest line, which is a knife edge: warm lands on four
lines and 163.49, cold stays on three and 167.41. Measuring an answer
against itself is unstable precisely at the fixed point.
`Painter::settle` -- move the child's slot, keep the drawing, never measure
again -- is the shape of the fix and does not work yet. In a span it breaks
five cases, because a container child may have laid its own children out as
fractions of the box it drew in, so moving it into a shorter one shrinks
them; reporting a length in pixels does not mean the drawing is positioned
in pixels. In `Aligned` alone it breaks two. Recorded rather than kept: the
condition wants to be something a widget declares, near `OnResize`, rather
than something its caller infers.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`SetSize` drew its child in whatever box it had been given and then
reported its declared length, so the child answered about a box it was
never going to have -- and the answer on the *other* axis was taken under
that. A wrapping text under `SetSize(x: 76px)` was measured in the whole
640 available, reported one line, and the parent sized itself to one line.
The text was then drawn again at 76 and reported two, but by then its box
was settled and nothing revisited it. A repaint put it right, which is why
the first frame and the second disagreed.
So the layout was not a function of the state, and "cold" was not a fixed
point -- which means the warm-against-cold oracle has been measuring
against a tree that had not settled, and some of what it reported as a
retained-layout defect was the cold side being wrong. Nothing about
retained state is involved in this: it reproduces in six widgets on a
first frame.
The declared length is what the child gets, so that is where it is
measured. `apply_rest` carries `rel` and `rest` through unchanged, and a
`px` length composes as an offset, so the child's box does not move again
when this widget's own box shrinks to what it declared.
`tests/unsettled.rs` passes, and the generated sweep now passes at depth 5
where it failed. Depth 6 and 7 still fail; there is more than one of these.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Ignoring is for cost, not for status: a fuzzer earns it, a known defect
does not. Hiding this one behind an attribute turns a loud failure into a
quiet one nobody goes looking for.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Reconstructing a generated failure by hand had failed three times: a seed
reproduces a tree of hundreds of widgets, and the printed chain is not
enough to see which part matters. `tests/shrink.rs` grows trees from a
description it can simplify -- drop a child, unwrap a wrapper, shorten a
text, drop a declared length -- and takes the first simplification that
still fails until none does. It lives in the tests; nothing in the library
knows about it.
It works: with the box-length check in `try_reuse` deliberately disabled
it reduced a 96-widget tree to 2. That check is worth keeping, because a
fuzzer that cannot fail is a fuzzer that agrees with everything.
What it found is not what any of this was looking for. Six widgets, shrunk
from 402:
Span[ Stack[ Text("Wrapping"), Aligned(pos,pos,
SetSize(x: 76px, Text("Wrapping shapes", wrap))) ] ]
The wrapping text is one line on the first frame and two after a repaint,
and two is right for a 76px box -- so the *cold* tree is the one that has
not settled. `generated.rs` has been comparing a warm frame against a cold
one and calling the difference a retained-layout defect, while at least
some of it is the first frame shaping a text at a width it was measured in
rather than the one it was given. Retained state is not involved.
`tests/unsettled.rs` is that case by hand, in 0.06s. Both of its tests
fail, so both are ignored with the reason rather than left to break the
build.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`DEPTH` was a constant at 4, and the generator widens two to four ways per
level, so raising it buys overlap between dependency paths rather than
ancestry. `IRIS_GENERATED_DEPTH` and `IRIS_GENERATED_SEEDS` select the
load; the default is what it was.
Depth 4 was hiding divergences. At depth 5 and beyond the sweep fails on
the tree as it stands, with no `Branch` node and every span filling across
its axis, so it is neither of the things I suspected -- it predates both.
A failure printed a chain of type names, which is not enough to write the
tree out again, and hand-reconstruction from one has failed three times
now. `describe` prints what each ancestor was configured with, so a run
says `Text < SetSize{x:34 px;} < Aligned{x:neg,y:pos} < SetSize{x:35 px;}
< Stack{n:2}` and the fast test that replaces the seed can be built from
that. `Widget: Any`, so this needs no new plumbing.
Two fixtures assumed every tree grows a declared size to change, and one
assumed a span it shuffles is drawn -- a span behind a branch nobody took
is not. Both are vacuous seeds rather than failures.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Comparing boxes catches a widget that moved. It does not catch one that
measured a child, was handed an answer a cold start would not have given,
and took the other branch -- the same defect, arriving where a pixel
comparison cannot see it. Branching on what the painter tells you is
something a widget is allowed to do, so the library owes the same answer
warm and cold; only a widget changing its own configuration is exempt.
`random::Branch` measures a child and draws one of two others on the
result, with both grown either way so the ids match whichever is drawn.
It joins the generator, which makes every existing scenario a control-flow
oracle as well as a geometric one. `tests/determinism.rs` is the same
widget by hand across eight thresholds, including either side of the
answer, and is the fast check -- the sweep is a fuzzer and confirms at the
end rather than being iterated against.
A span behind a branch nobody took is not drawn, so shuffling it cannot
move anything; `reshuffled` now treats that as vacuous, the way it already
treats a tree with no spans, rather than as a shuffle that had no effect.
Both new tests pass, and the sweep passes at depth 4 and 5 over 200 seeds.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A span that sizes to its children measures one, is told a length, and
hands that length back -- so whether measurement is idempotent decides
whether the two chase each other. Nothing checked it.
It holds: a wrapping text in a `Dir::RIGHT` span, which is the wrap axis
and the span's own axis together, stays at 881.84 across six repaints
that change nothing. So the narrowing recorded against LAYOUT.md §4 is
not something text does on its own, and looking for the cause there is
looking in the wrong place.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A span reporting `Len::default()` whenever a child had a share threw away
how many shares it was holding, so each level of nesting re-divided a
share rather than dividing the same space. One span of a rect beside a
span of three gave 1/2 and 1/6 each, where the same four rects directly
in one span get a quarter.
A span that sizes from its children does not resolve `rest`, it passes
the weight up; resolution belongs at the nearest ancestor with a length,
and since the output became a box there is always one. The placement loop
already divides by `len.rest / total.rest`, so it consumes carried
weights unchanged -- only what the span reported was wrong.
The uneven nesting is the case that fails without this; the even one
passes either way and is here as the statement of intent.
Decided by the owner, 2026-09-14.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A resize had its own mechanism: `reads_output` recorded that a widget had
looked at the output, `update` scanned every active widget for one whose
`output_px` had moved, marked it and its whole reader chain, and
`resize_marks` kept those marks from counting as content dirtiness --
while `on_resize` answered the same question for every other box. Two
answers to "does this drawing survive its box changing length", and the
one that applied to the window ignored what the widget had declared.
With the output held as the root of the chain there is one question. A
resize offers the root widget its box again, `try_reuse` answers per axis
from `on_resize`, and `redraws_under` prices the subtree. Gone with it:
`reads_output`, `resized`, `resize_marks`, the scan, the eager reader
marking, and the shallowest-first branch in `redraw_updates`, which only
existed because resize marking worked differently -- the settle loop now
has one order.
Two things this needed. An unslotted widget may be reused when only its
parent's box changed length: it has nothing of its own to write, and what
it drew is a fraction of that box, so the slot above it already carries
the change. And `root_readers` holds the widgets whose size came from the
output rather than their own box -- `MaxSize` -- since no box of theirs
need have changed; they are marked per axis, from a set kept as they draw
rather than by scanning.
`a_resize_does_not_redraw_what_the_shader_can_move` now says `Scale`,
which is what it was always describing, and `a_resize_redraws_what_does
_not_scale` is its other half. `ReadsWidth` declares `Scale` across the
axis it does not read, so per-axis precision comes from the widget rather
than from which output axis it happened to touch.
Resize phase, seed 1 depth 8: 6.45M instructions per frame to 5.84M.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A position was composed up the slot chain to a normalized region and then
multiplied by the output's size, so the window was the one box in the
system that was not a box. Seeding the chain with a root slot holding it
in pixels makes composing through it leave everything below in pixels,
which is what the multiplication was doing.
`within` already does the arithmetic: a child at `rel` 1 inside a span of
`px` 0 to `px` 1920 composes to `px` 1920 and `rel` 0, so the trailing
`to_px` becomes the identity rather than a step. The shader walks the
same chain and needs no change for the same reason.
This is the shape the resize machinery wants before it can be deleted: a
resize becomes one slot written, which `try_reuse` and `redraws_under`
already carry. Nothing is removed yet.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`dp` is coming, and then `abs` says which of the two it is not. The
component has always been a pixel count, so the name that admits it is
the one that leaves room for a second unit beside it.
Mechanical: the field on `Len` and `UiScalar`, their constructors,
`to_abs`/`get_abs`, the matching WGSL struct member and the locals
composing it. Field order and types are unchanged, so the `Pod` layout
the shader reads is the same bytes. `f32::abs` is untouched.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Every generated case changes one thing: four declared sizes, or one
span's children, or the output. A frame settling one dependency path
says nothing about a frame settling a set of them that overlap, which
is the case the settle order exists for.
So two more: every declared size in the tree changing at once, and a
spread of widgets marked for redraw together. The second changes
nothing, which is the point -- no box may move, and the order the
dirty set is taken in is all that can make one. The hundred-seed sweep
is 1,000 comparisons now rather than 800, and passes.
`IRIS_PHASE=many` is the same load for the diagnostics rig, with
`IRIS_DIRTY` widgets marked per frame. It says what one repainting leaf
cannot: at 130 of 260 widgets, choosing which dirty widget to settle
next is 24.5% of the frame, because the dirty set is scanned once per
widget settled and a hash set is walked by capacity rather than by
length. Memoizing the depth walk inside one scan does not pay -- it
trades parent lookups for memo lookups and costs 4% more instructions --
so the fix is to stop rescanning, which changes the order widgets
settle in and wants agreeing first.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A container measures a child by drawing it in a box it may not keep, so
one layout asks a text for a dozen widths and comes back to widths it
has already had -- the hottest text in the depth-8 tree draws 32 times.
Each ask re-ran the shaper, because the two caches in front of it held
one entry each and a trial width alternating with a final width evicts
the answer about to be wanted again. `perf record` put 63% of a resize
frame in text and 0.9% in `draw_inner`.
So keep more than one: a bounded store of shapings on `TextData`, keyed
by the text, the attrs and the width, holding the parley layout and the
glyphs placed from it. Bounding the store rather than each buffer is
what keeps it a fixed cost -- +4 MB on a tree of 4,000 texts, which is
19 MB less than the code before #16 holds after the same resizes.
`TextBuffer` now holds the glyphs of the shaping it is drawn as, which
is where `TextView::tex` was. That leaves one place to invalidate rather
than two, so the `MutDetect` flags on a view's text and attrs have no
reader and go, along with the `buf.changed = true` after every edit.
On a 40-row tree of distinct random paragraphs, 500 resize frames:
124.2M instructions per frame before, 17.7M after, and 45.9M when the
width never repeats. The five reference renders and the resize render
are byte-identical, and the 100-seed sweep passes.
`tests/revision_cost.rs` is that tree, written in the API subset
`43ce8c7` shares so the same source measures the code this replaced.
Report the worst frame and p99 beside the median, since a stutter is
what somebody sees. Count glyph placements, and count a text render per
ask rather than per shaping, so the store cannot hide how many times a
layout drew the same text.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Scrolling is the one thing in these trees that reads the pixel length of its
box, and the one that hands its child a box longer than its own, so a warm
layout under it has to be rebuilt where the rest can be carried over. A
sixth of the nodes at each level is now a scroll over a subtree, on either
axis.
Four of a hundred seeds now grow nothing but wrappers, so `reshuffled`
returns early where there is no span to shuffle: a case with nothing to do
is not the same as a shuffle that had no effect, which is what the assertion
below it is for.
50 tests, and the ignored sweep over 100 seeds and eight scenarios, 800
comparisons.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Padding as a node, with each of the four sides its own number: a padding that
is the same all round hides anything that treats one edge differently from
another. Spans now hold two to four children, so a pattern of removals has
something to make a pattern out of.
Five ways of changing what a span holds, each a shape worth its own case
rather than one shuffle: every other child out, everything but the first out,
three on at once, the first out and three on, and one out of the middle with
one on the end. Each is applied to every third span, and the cold tree is
grown holding exactly what the warm one was left with.
Three spare leaves are grown beside every span whether they end up in it or
not, so a tree that leaves them out makes the same widgets in the same order
as one that puts them in -- otherwise the two trees' `ids` stop lining up at
the first difference and every comparison after it is against the wrong
widget. Attaching one moves it, since a widget belongs to one parent;
`upgrade` is for a weak handle that was never added, not a second share. The
detached children are held until the comparison is over for the same reason:
dropping the last share of one frees its id for the next widget to be given.
Each case asserts the tree actually changed before comparing, so a shuffle
that quietly did nothing fails rather than passes.
All of it agrees: 49 tests, and the ignored sweep over 100 seeds and eight
scenarios, 800 comparisons.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Two holes the random trees found, both of which kept a wrapping text shaped
for a width it no longer had.
**A region is a fraction of a slot's box, so an unchanged region is not an
unchanged box.** `try_reuse` compared regions, and a child drawn at
`UiRegion::FULL` of a slot whose box had just halved compared equal to
itself and was reused without being descended into. `ActiveData` now keeps
the pixel size of the box it drew against and the comparison is against
that, which is the question that was being asked all along and is right
through a slot change and an output resize alike.
**A size the parent learnt by drawing the child is an answer for that box
only.** The walk looking for what cannot survive a length change skipped a
child whose own box was a fixed width -- correctly, its box does not change
-- but that width was what the child reported when the span drew it in the
span's box, and the span's box did change. So a child whose size the widget
read is redrawn unless it declares an exact `size_hint` for the changed
axis, which is the one case the parent did not have to draw it to know.
The cost is that a size-reading container gives up its reuse when its box
changes length, which is every span, so `OnResize::Scale` now earns its
keep on moves and on subtrees whose sizes nobody read rather than on every
stretch. Correct first; `replace_cost` still measures the case the chain was
built for.
`tests/generated.rs` is what found both and what says they are fixed: 90 of
90 warm trees now land where a cold build does, against 83 before this
commit and 83 on `db1751f`. The ignored sweep agrees over 300 checks on 100
seeds.
`a_fixed_length_child_is_not_redrawn_when_the_box_around_it_grows` became
`a_declared_length_...`: the child now says its width, since a width the
span measured is not one it may keep.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`iris::random` grows a seeded tree -- spans in every direction, stacks,
rects with varying opacity, text both wrapping and overflowing, a declared
size over half of it -- and `tests/generated.rs` grows each seed twice: once
and then mutated, once with the mutation built in. Every widget's box has to
match. `examples/random.rs` draws one, and `IRIS_SEED`/`IRIS_DEPTH` pick it.
It found the defect in the commit before this one immediately: a reuse that
marked a descendant for redraw escalated to that descendant's size reader,
which re-placed the child, which marked it again. `try_reuse` now asks
whether anything under the widget would have to be drawn again *before*
keeping the drawing, and drops the whole thing if so, which terminates
because it adds no marks.
It also found one older and larger than this branch, which
`a_wrapping_child_of_a_row_settles_somewhere_else_each_time` reproduces and
documents: a wrapping text on a span's own axis is shaped twice against two
different widths, so where it settles depends on how many passes it has had.
7 of 90 cases diverge on `db1751f` and 30 do here, because a placed child
reaches the second shaping more often. It is the same defect either way, and
it belongs where the two draws meet -- LAYOUT.md §4 -- not in the chain. The
six seeds the live tests use are ones that agree.
`forget_ref` goes with the subtree rewrite that used it.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A widget's region is now held in the coordinates of the slot it draws in
rather than the window's, and `Painter::place` is how a container asks for a
slot: it draws a child it decides the box of and may decide again. Everything
under that slot is a fraction of its box, so placing the child a second time
is one entry to write whether it moved or changed length. A child drawn any
other way has no slot and shares its nearest ancestor's.
That is what keeps the chain short. `chain_cost` measured depth as the cost
-- free to 8, +42.6% at 16 -- and a slot per widget put a transcript's glyphs
past that for nothing, since almost every slot was zero. `Span`, `Aligned`
and `Scroll` are the containers that re-place a child after drawing it, and
`tests/layout.rs` pins that four widgets between a span and a leaf leave the
leaf's chain one deep.
`UiRegion::stretch`, `UiRegion::stretchable` and `UiScalar::stretch` are
gone. Nothing is inverted any more: a box that changed length is written to
its slot, and the descendants recompose against it in the shader. That also
retires the case the guard existed for, where a fixed length has no fraction
to recover -- `tests/layout.rs` now stretches a 40-tall row on its other
axis, which `stretchable` refused outright.
What still walks the CPU is deciding who must draw again, which no chain can
answer: `mark_resized` descends from the widget whose box changed and marks
anything whose own box changed length and whose drawing reads it. A part of
a box with no relative extent on an axis is a fixed length, and composing
into it leaves none either, so the walk stops where a length did not change
-- an 80-wide child in a widened row is not redrawn though it says `Redraw`.
`Span`, `Pad`, `Stack`, `Offset`, `Aligned`, `SetSize` and `LayerOffset` say
`Scale`: each places in fractions and offsets of its own box and none reads
the box's pixel length. `Scroll` and `MaxSize` do read pixels and stay
`Redraw`.
45 tests pass, five of them new. Render verification comes after the CPU
side, per the owner.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
`Remap` existed to invert a composition, and a translation never needed
one: shifting a box shifts everything composed into it by the same
amount, because `lerp(s + d, e + d, t) == lerp(s, e, t) + d` on both
channels. That holds whether or not the box has a relative extent, so
the carry branch was answering a question it did not have to ask.
So the decision is made once, before the walk, and neither relocation
method branches. A translation is already one slot write. A change of
length calls `UiRegion::stretch`, which re-expresses each part at its
own fraction of the new box and needs `stretchable` -- a fixed length
holds its parts as offsets from its start and keeps no fraction to
stretch by.
`Remap`, `UiScalar::outside`, `UiSpan::outside` and `LerpUtil::lerp_inv`
are all gone with it. Nothing inverts a lerp any more: the one division
is done against a denominator `stretchable` already established is not
zero.
What it gives up is the per-axis carry, so a box that changed length on
one axis and not the other is redrawn where it used to be remapped.
Counted: six of `tabs`'s fourteen relocations and five of `text`'s
sixteen, and one extra redraw per frame on `replace_cost`'s 200 rows --
354,310,889 instructions against 354,272,387, which is noise.
Checked: fmt, clippy and 42 tests. `tabs` (with the image replay),
`view`, `minimal` and `text` all still render byte-identical to
`upstream/main`.
iris-aiandClaude Opus 5