stuffff

TODO

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ scaling
     field could be best solution so redrawing stuff isn't needed & you can specify both as user
 
 WidgetRef<W> or smth instead of Id
+    fyi this is not the same as what was just implemented
     enum that's either an Id or an actual concrete instance of W
     painter takes them in instead of (or in addition to) id
     then type wrapper widgets to contain them

core/src/attr.rs

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{HasUi, StateLike, WidgetIdFn, WidgetLike, WidgetRef};
-
-pub trait WidgetAttr<State, W: ?Sized> {
-    type Input;
-    fn run(state: &mut State, id: WidgetRef<W>, input: Self::Input);
-}
-
-pub trait Attrable<State, W: ?Sized, Tag> {
-    fn attr<A: WidgetAttr<State, W>>(self, input: A::Input) -> impl WidgetIdFn<State, W>;
-}
-
-impl<State: HasUi + StateLike<State>, WL: WidgetLike<State, Tag>, Tag>
-    Attrable<State, WL::Widget, Tag> for WL
-{
-    fn attr<A: WidgetAttr<State, WL::Widget>>(
-        self,
-        input: A::Input,
-    ) -> impl WidgetIdFn<State, WL::Widget> {
-        |state| {
-            let id = self.add(state);
-            A::run(state, id, input);
-            id
-        }
-    }
-}

core/src/event/ctx.rs

@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{HasEvents, HasState, HasUi, StateLike, Ui, Widget, WidgetRef};
-use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
-
-pub struct EventCtx<'a, State, Data> {
-    pub state: &'a mut State,
-    pub data: &'a mut Data,
-}
-
-pub struct EventIdCtx<'a, State, Data, W: ?Sized> {
-    pub widget: WidgetRef<W>,
-    pub state: &'a mut State,
-    pub data: &'a mut Data,
-}
-
-impl<State: HasUi, Data, W: ?Sized> Deref for EventIdCtx<'_, State, Data, W> {
-    type Target = State;
-
-    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
-        self.state
-    }
-}
-
-impl<State: HasUi, Data, W: ?Sized> DerefMut for EventIdCtx<'_, State, Data, W> {
-    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
-        self.state
-    }
-}
-
-impl<State: HasUi, Data, W: Widget> EventIdCtx<'_, State, Data, W> {
-    pub fn widget(&mut self) -> &mut W {
-        &mut self.state.get_mut()[self.widget]
-    }
-}
-
-impl<State: HasUi, Data, W: Widget> HasUi for EventIdCtx<'_, State, Data, W> {
-    fn get(&self) -> &Ui {
-        self.state.ui()
-    }
-
-    fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Ui {
-        self.state.ui_mut()
-    }
-}
-
-impl<State: HasUi, Data, W: Widget> HasState for EventIdCtx<'_, State, Data, W> {
-    type State = State;
-}
-
-impl<State: HasEvents<State = State>, Data, W: Widget> HasEvents
-    for EventIdCtx<'_, State, Data, W>
-{
-    fn get(&self) -> &super::EventManager<Self::State> {
-        self.state.events()
-    }
-
-    fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut super::EventManager<Self::State> {
-        self.state.events_mut()
-    }
-}
-
-impl<State, Data, W: Widget> StateLike<State> for EventIdCtx<'_, State, Data, W> {
-    fn as_state(&mut self) -> &mut State {
-        self.state
-    }
-}
-
-// fn test() {
-//     use crate::*;
-//     struct ClientRsc;
-//     impl<State, Data> HasUi for EventCtx<'_, State, Data> {
-//         fn get(&self) -> &Ui {
-//             todo!()
-//         }
-//
-//         fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Ui {
-//             todo!()
-//         }
-//     }
-//     fn on(_: impl for<'a> EventFn<ClientRsc, &'a mut i32>) {}
-//
-//     pub trait WidgetLike<State: HasUi, Tag>: Sized {
-//         type Widget: Widget + ?Sized + std::marker::Unsize<dyn Widget>;
-//
-//         fn add(self, state: &mut State) -> WidgetHandle<Self::Widget>;
-//
-//         fn with_id<W2>(
-//             self,
-//             f: impl FnOnce(&mut State, WidgetHandle<Self::Widget>) -> WidgetHandle<W2>,
-//         ) -> impl WidgetIdFn<State, W2> {
-//             move |state| {
-//                 let id = self.add(state);
-//                 f(state, id)
-//             }
-//         }
-//
-//         fn set_root(self, state: &mut State) {
-//             state.get_mut().root = Some(self.add(state));
-//         }
-//
-//         fn handles(self, state: &mut State) -> WidgetHandles<Self::Widget> {
-//             self.add(state).handles()
-//         }
-//     }
-//
-//     pub struct WidgetTag;
-//     impl<State: HasUi, W: Widget> WidgetLike<State, WidgetTag> for W {
-//         type Widget = W;
-//         fn add(self, state: &mut State) -> WidgetHandle<W> {
-//             state.get_mut().add_widget(self)
-//         }
-//     }
-//
-//     on(move |ctx| {
-//         ().add(ctx);
-//     });
-// }

core/src/event/manager.rs

@@ -1,145 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{
-    ActiveData, Event, EventCtx, EventFn, EventIdCtx, EventLike, IdLike, LayerId, Widget,
-    WidgetData, WidgetEventFn, WidgetId, WidgetRef,
-    util::{HashMap, TypeMap},
-};
-use std::{any::TypeId, rc::Rc};
-
-pub struct EventManager<State> {
-    types: TypeMap<dyn EventManagerLike<State>>,
-}
-
-impl<State> Default for EventManager<State> {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            types: Default::default(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<State: 'static> EventManager<State> {
-    pub fn get_type<E: EventLike>(&mut self) -> &mut TypeEventManager<State, E::Event> {
-        self.types.type_or_default()
-    }
-
-    pub fn register<W: Widget + ?Sized, E: EventLike>(
-        &mut self,
-        id: WidgetRef<W>,
-        event: E,
-        f: impl for<'a> WidgetEventFn<State, <E::Event as Event>::Data<'a>, W>,
-    ) {
-        self.get_type::<E>().register(id, event, f);
-    }
-
-    pub fn type_key<E: EventLike>() -> TypeId {
-        TypeId::of::<TypeEventManager<State, E::Event>>()
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait EventsLike {
-    fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId);
-    fn draw(&mut self, data: &WidgetData, active: &ActiveData);
-    fn undraw(&mut self, data: &WidgetData, active: &ActiveData);
-}
-
-impl<State: 'static> EventsLike for EventManager<State> {
-    fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId) {
-        for m in self.types.values_mut() {
-            m.remove(id);
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn draw(&mut self, data: &WidgetData, active: &ActiveData) {
-        for t in &data.event_mgrs {
-            self.types.get_mut(t).unwrap().draw(active);
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn undraw(&mut self, data: &WidgetData, active: &ActiveData) {
-        for t in &data.event_mgrs {
-            self.types.get_mut(t).unwrap().undraw(active);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait EventManagerLike<State> {
-    fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId);
-    fn draw(&mut self, data: &ActiveData);
-    fn undraw(&mut self, data: &ActiveData);
-}
-
-type EventData<State, E> = (E, Rc<dyn for<'a> EventFn<State, <E as Event>::Data<'a>>>);
-pub struct TypeEventManager<State, E: Event> {
-    // TODO: reduce visiblity!!
-    pub active: HashMap<LayerId, HashMap<WidgetId, E::State>>,
-    map: HashMap<WidgetId, Vec<EventData<State, E>>>,
-}
-
-impl<State, E: Event> EventManagerLike<State> for TypeEventManager<State, E> {
-    fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId) {
-        self.map.remove(&id);
-        for layer in self.active.values_mut() {
-            layer.remove(&id);
-        }
-    }
-    fn draw(&mut self, data: &ActiveData) {
-        self.active
-            .entry(data.layer)
-            .or_default()
-            .entry(data.id)
-            .or_default();
-    }
-    fn undraw(&mut self, data: &ActiveData) {
-        if let Some(layer) = self.active.get_mut(&data.layer) {
-            layer.remove(&data.id);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<State, E: Event> Default for TypeEventManager<State, E> {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            active: Default::default(),
-            map: Default::default(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<State: 'static, E: Event> TypeEventManager<State, E> {
-    fn register<W: Widget + ?Sized>(
-        &mut self,
-        widget: WidgetRef<W>,
-        event: impl EventLike<Event = E>,
-        f: impl for<'a> WidgetEventFn<State, E::Data<'a>, W>,
-    ) {
-        let event = event.into_event();
-        self.map.entry(widget.id()).or_default().push((
-            event,
-            Rc::new(move |ctx| {
-                let mut test = EventIdCtx {
-                    widget,
-                    state: ctx.state,
-                    data: ctx.data,
-                };
-                f(&mut test);
-            }),
-        ));
-    }
-
-    pub fn run_fn<'a>(
-        &mut self,
-        id: impl IdLike,
-    ) -> impl for<'b> FnOnce(EventCtx<'_, State, E::Data<'b>>) + 'a {
-        let fs = self.map.get(&id.id()).cloned().unwrap_or_default();
-        move |ctx| {
-            for (e, f) in fs {
-                if e.should_run(ctx.data) {
-                    f(&mut EventCtx {
-                        state: ctx.state,
-                        data: ctx.data,
-                    })
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}

core/src/event/mod.rs

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-mod ctx;
-mod manager;
-mod rsc;
-
-pub use ctx::*;
-pub use manager::*;
-pub use rsc::*;
-
-pub trait Event: Sized + 'static + Clone {
-    type Data<'a> = ();
-    type State: Default = ();
-    #[allow(unused_variables)]
-    fn should_run(&self, data: &mut Self::Data<'_>) -> bool {
-        true
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait EventLike {
-    type Event: Event;
-    fn into_event(self) -> Self::Event;
-}
-
-impl<E: Event> EventLike for E {
-    type Event = Self;
-
-    fn into_event(self) -> Self::Event {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait EventFn<State, Data>: Fn(&mut EventCtx<State, Data>) + 'static {}
-impl<State, F: Fn(&mut EventCtx<State, Data>) + 'static, Data> EventFn<State, Data> for F {}
-
-pub trait WidgetEventFn<State, Data, W: ?Sized>:
-    Fn(&mut EventIdCtx<State, Data, W>) + 'static
-{
-}
-impl<State, F: Fn(&mut EventIdCtx<State, Data, W>) + 'static, Data, W: ?Sized>
-    WidgetEventFn<State, Data, W> for F
-{
-}

core/src/event/rsc.rs

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{
-    Event, EventCtx, EventLike, EventManager, HasUi, IdLike, Widget, WidgetEventFn, WidgetRef,
-};
-
-pub trait HasState {
-    type State: HasUi;
-}
-
-pub trait HasEvents: Sized + HasState + HasUi {
-    fn get(&self) -> &EventManager<Self::State>;
-    fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut EventManager<Self::State>;
-    fn events(&self) -> &EventManager<Self::State> {
-        HasEvents::get(self)
-    }
-    fn events_mut(&mut self) -> &mut EventManager<Self::State> {
-        HasEvents::get_mut(self)
-    }
-
-    fn register_event<W: Widget + ?Sized, E: EventLike>(
-        &mut self,
-        id: WidgetRef<W>,
-        event: E,
-        f: impl for<'a> WidgetEventFn<Self::State, <E::Event as Event>::Data<'a>, W>,
-    ) where
-        Self::State: 'static,
-    {
-        self.events_mut().register(id, event, f);
-        self.ui_mut()
-            .widgets
-            .data_mut(id)
-            .unwrap()
-            .event_mgrs
-            .insert(EventManager::<Self::State>::type_key::<E>());
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait RunEvents: HasEvents + HasState<State = Self> + 'static {
-    fn run_event<E: EventLike>(
-        &mut self,
-        id: impl IdLike,
-        data: &mut <E::Event as Event>::Data<'_>,
-    ) {
-        let f = self.events_mut().get_type::<E>().run_fn(id);
-        f(EventCtx { state: self, data })
-    }
-}
-impl<T: HasEvents + HasState<State = Self> + 'static> RunEvents for T {}

core/src/layout/attr.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+use crate::layout::{Ui, WidgetIdFn, WidgetLike, WidgetRef};
+
+pub trait WidgetAttr<W: ?Sized> {
+    type Input;
+    fn run(ui: &mut Ui, id: WidgetRef<W>, input: Self::Input);
+}
+
+pub trait Attrable<W: ?Sized, Tag> {
+    fn attr<A: WidgetAttr<W>>(self, input: A::Input) -> impl WidgetIdFn<W>;
+}
+
+impl<WL: WidgetLike<Tag>, Tag> Attrable<WL::Widget, Tag> for WL {
+    fn attr<A: WidgetAttr<WL::Widget>>(self, input: A::Input) -> impl WidgetIdFn<WL::Widget> {
+        |ui| {
+            let id = self.add(ui);
+            A::run(ui, id.weak(), input);
+            id
+        }
+    }
+}

core/src/layout/event.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+use crate::{
+    layout::{LayerId, UiId, Widget, WidgetId, WidgetInstance, WidgetRef},
+    util::{Handle, HashMap, RefGuardMut},
+};
+use std::{
+    any::{Any, TypeId},
+    ops::DerefMut,
+    sync::{Arc, LazyLock, Mutex},
+};
+
+pub trait Async: Send + Sync + 'static {}
+impl<T: Send + Sync + 'static> Async for T {}
+
+pub trait Event: Sized + Async + Clone {
+    type Data<'a> = ();
+    type State: Sync + Send + Default = ();
+    #[allow(unused_variables)]
+    fn should_run(&self, data: &mut Self::Data<'_>) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
+    /// THIS SHOULD NOT BE OVERWRITTEN; the default impl runs this event
+    fn run<Ctx: 'static, W>(id: WidgetRef<W>, data: &mut Self::Data<'_>, state: &mut Ctx) {
+        Events::<Self, Ctx>::run(id.id(), data, state);
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait EventAlias {
+    type Event: Event;
+    fn into_event(self) -> Self::Event;
+}
+
+impl<E: Event> EventAlias for E {
+    type Event = Self;
+
+    fn into_event(self) -> Self::Event {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+type EventData<E, Ctx> = (E, Arc<dyn for<'a> EventFn<Ctx, <E as Event>::Data<'a>>>);
+pub struct Events<E: Event, Ctx> {
+    active: HashMap<UiId, HashMap<LayerId, HashMap<WidgetId, E::State>>>,
+    map: HashMap<WidgetId, Vec<EventData<E, Ctx>>>,
+}
+
+pub static EVENT_TYPES: LazyLock<Mutex<HashMap<TypeId, Handle<dyn EventManager>>>> =
+    LazyLock::new(|| Mutex::new(HashMap::default()));
+
+pub trait EventManager: Any + Send + Sync {
+    fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId) -> Box<dyn Any>;
+    fn draw(&mut self, ui: UiId, inst: &WidgetInstance);
+    fn undraw(&mut self, ui: UiId, inst: &WidgetInstance);
+}
+
+impl Handle<dyn EventManager> {
+    pub fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId) {
+        let mut s = self.get_mut();
+        // refer to s.remove documentation for why drop order
+        let contents = s.remove(id);
+        drop(s);
+        drop(contents);
+    }
+    pub fn draw(&mut self, ui: UiId, inst: &WidgetInstance) {
+        self.get_mut().draw(ui, inst);
+    }
+    pub fn undraw(&mut self, ui: UiId, inst: &WidgetInstance) {
+        self.get_mut().undraw(ui, inst);
+    }
+}
+
+impl<E: Event, Ctx: 'static> EventManager for Events<E, Ctx> {
+    /// so... there is a deadlock if this is called in WidgetData::drop
+    /// and some function in here owns another WidgetId
+    /// so for now you need to drop the lock on self, THEN drop the contents
+    /// which is implemented for Handle<dyn EventManager>
+    fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId) -> Box<dyn Any> {
+        let contents = self.map.remove(&id);
+        for ui in self.active.values_mut() {
+            for layer in ui.values_mut() {
+                layer.remove(&id);
+            }
+        }
+        Box::new(contents)
+    }
+    fn draw(&mut self, ui: UiId, inst: &WidgetInstance) {
+        self.active
+            .entry(ui)
+            .or_default()
+            .entry(inst.layer)
+            .or_default()
+            .entry(inst.id)
+            .or_default();
+    }
+    fn undraw(&mut self, ui: UiId, inst: &WidgetInstance) {
+        // rust pls
+        (|| {
+            self.active
+                .get_mut(&ui)?
+                .get_mut(&inst.layer)?
+                .remove(&inst.id);
+            Some(())
+        })();
+    }
+}
+
+pub type UiActive<State> = HashMap<LayerId, HashMap<WidgetId, State>>;
+
+impl<E: Event, Ctx: 'static> Events<E, Ctx> {
+    fn id() -> TypeId {
+        TypeId::of::<Self>()
+    }
+
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            map: Default::default(),
+            active: Default::default(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn active(id: UiId) -> impl DerefMut<Target = UiActive<E::State>> {
+        RefGuardMut::map(Self::get(), |s| s.active.entry(id).or_default())
+    }
+
+    fn register_<W: Widget + ?Sized>(
+        id: WidgetRef<W>,
+        event: impl Into<E>,
+        f: impl for<'a> EventFn<Ctx, <E as Event>::Data<'a>>,
+    ) {
+        let Some(mut data) = id.data_mut() else {
+            return;
+        };
+        data.event_managers.insert(Self::id());
+        Self::get()
+            .map
+            .entry(id.id())
+            .or_default()
+            .push((event.into(), Arc::new(f)));
+    }
+
+    pub fn register<W: Widget + ?Sized + 'static>(
+        id: WidgetRef<W>,
+        event: impl Into<E>,
+        f: impl for<'a> EventIdFn<Ctx, <E as Event>::Data<'a>, W>,
+    ) {
+        Self::register_(id, event, move |ctx| {
+            f(EventIdCtx {
+                widget: id,
+                state: ctx.state,
+                data: ctx.data,
+            })
+        });
+    }
+
+    pub fn run(id: WidgetId, data: &mut E::Data<'_>, state: &mut Ctx) {
+        let s = Self::get();
+        if let Some(fs) = s.map.get(&id) {
+            let fs = fs.clone();
+            drop(s);
+            for (e, f) in fs {
+                if e.should_run(data) {
+                    f(EventCtx { state, data })
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn run_all(data: &mut E::Data<'_>, state: &mut Ctx) {
+        let s = Self::get();
+        // TODO: should probably document that added events won't run same frame
+        let mut map = s.map.clone();
+        drop(s);
+        for fs in map.values_mut() {
+            for (e, f) in fs {
+                if e.should_run(data) {
+                    f(EventCtx { state, data })
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// this some bull
+    fn get<'a>() -> RefGuardMut<'a, Self> {
+        let any = EVENT_TYPES
+            .lock()
+            .unwrap()
+            .entry(Self::id())
+            .or_insert_with(|| Handle::from(Self::new()))
+            .clone();
+        unsafe { any.downcast() }.get_take_mut()
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct EventCtx<'a, Ctx, Data> {
+    pub state: &'a mut Ctx,
+    pub data: &'a mut Data,
+}
+
+pub struct EventIdCtx<'a, Ctx, Data, W: ?Sized> {
+    pub widget: WidgetRef<W>,
+    pub state: &'a mut Ctx,
+    pub data: &'a mut Data,
+}
+
+pub trait EventFn<Ctx, Data>: Fn(EventCtx<Ctx, Data>) + Async {}
+impl<F: Fn(EventCtx<Ctx, Data>) + Async, Ctx, Data> EventFn<Ctx, Data> for F {}
+
+pub trait EventIdFn<Ctx, Data, W: ?Sized>: Fn(EventIdCtx<Ctx, Data, W>) + Async {}
+impl<F: Fn(EventIdCtx<Ctx, Data, W>) + Async, Ctx, Data, W: ?Sized> EventIdFn<Ctx, Data, W> for F {}

core/src/layout/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+mod attr;
+mod event;
+mod module;
+mod num;
+mod orientation;
+mod painter;
+mod primitive;
+mod ui;
+mod view;
+mod widget;
+
+pub use attr::*;
+pub use event::*;
+pub use module::*;
+pub use num::*;
+pub use orientation::*;
+pub use painter::*;
+pub use primitive::*;
+pub use ui::*;
+pub use view::*;
+pub use widget::*;
+
+pub use crate::util::Vec2;
+pub type UiColor = Color<u8>;

core/src/layout/module.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+use std::any::{Any, TypeId};
+
+use crate::{
+    layout::{WidgetId, WidgetInstance},
+    util::HashMap,
+};
+
+#[allow(unused_variables)]
+pub trait UiModule: Any {
+    fn on_draw(&mut self, inst: &WidgetInstance) {}
+    fn on_undraw(&mut self, inst: &WidgetInstance) {}
+    fn on_remove(&mut self, id: &WidgetId) {}
+    fn on_move(&mut self, inst: &WidgetInstance) {}
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct Modules {
+    map: HashMap<TypeId, Box<dyn UiModule>>,
+}
+
+impl Modules {
+    pub fn iter_mut(&mut self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &mut (dyn UiModule + 'static)> {
+        self.map.values_mut().map(|m| m.as_mut())
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_mut<M: UiModule + Default>(&mut self) -> &mut M {
+        let rf = self
+            .map
+            .entry(TypeId::of::<M>())
+            .or_insert_with(|| Box::new(M::default()))
+            .as_mut();
+        let any: &mut dyn Any = &mut *rf;
+        any.downcast_mut().unwrap()
+    }
+}

core/src/layout/num.rs

@@ -23,19 +23,6 @@ impl const UiNum for i32 {
     }
 }
 
-pub const fn vec2(x: impl const UiNum, y: impl const UiNum) -> Vec2 {
-    Vec2::new(x.to_f32(), y.to_f32())
-}
-
-impl<T: const UiNum + Copy> const From<T> for Vec2 {
-    fn from(v: T) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            x: v.to_f32(),
-            y: v.to_f32(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 impl<T: const UiNum, U: const UiNum> const From<(T, U)> for Vec2
 where
     (T, U): const Destruct,
@@ -47,3 +34,16 @@ where
         }
     }
 }
+
+impl<T: const UiNum + Copy> const From<T> for Vec2 {
+    fn from(v: T) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            x: v.to_f32(),
+            y: v.to_f32(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub const fn vec2(x: impl const UiNum, y: impl const UiNum) -> Vec2 {
+    Vec2::new(x.to_f32(), y.to_f32())
+}

core/src/layout/orientation/align.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::vec2;
+use crate::layout::vec2;
 
 use super::*;
 

core/src/layout/orientation/axis.rs

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ pub enum Axis {
     Y,
 }
 
+pub trait Axis_ {
+}
+
 impl std::ops::Not for Axis {
     type Output = Self;
 
@@ -68,48 +71,3 @@ impl Vec2 {
         }
     }
 }
-
-pub const trait AxisT {
-    fn get() -> Axis;
-}
-
-pub struct XAxis;
-impl const AxisT for XAxis {
-    fn get() -> Axis {
-        Axis::X
-    }
-}
-
-pub struct YAxis;
-impl const AxisT for YAxis {
-    fn get() -> Axis {
-        Axis::Y
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
-pub struct BothAxis<T> {
-    pub x: T,
-    pub y: T,
-}
-
-impl<T> BothAxis<T> {
-    pub const fn axis<A: const AxisT>(&mut self) -> &mut T {
-        match A::get() {
-            Axis::X => &mut self.x,
-            Axis::Y => &mut self.y,
-        }
-    }
-    pub fn take_axis<A: const AxisT>(self) -> T {
-        match A::get() {
-            Axis::X => self.x,
-            Axis::Y => self.y,
-        }
-    }
-    pub fn axis_dyn(&mut self, axis: Axis) -> &mut T {
-        match axis {
-            Axis::X => &mut self.x,
-            Axis::Y => &mut self.y,
-        }
-    }
-}

core/src/layout/orientation/len.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use super::*;
-use crate::{UiNum, util::impl_op};
+use crate::{layout::UiNum, util::impl_op};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Size {

core/src/layout/orientation/mod.rs

@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@ mod axis;
 mod len;
 mod pos;
 
-use crate::util::Vec2;
+use super::Vec2;
-
 pub use align::*;
 pub use axis::*;
 pub use len::*;

core/src/layout/orientation/pos.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use std::{fmt::Display, hash::Hash, marker::Destruct};
 
 use super::*;
 use crate::{
-    UiNum,
+    layout::UiNum,
     util::{LerpUtil, impl_op},
 };
 

core/src/layout/painter.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,617 @@
+use std::{marker::Unsize, sync::mpsc::Sender};
+
+use crate::{
+    layout::{
+        Axis, LayerId, Len, PrimitiveLayers, RenderedText, Size, TextAttrs, TextBuffer, TextData,
+        TextureHandle, Textures, UiId, UiRegion, UiVec2, Vec2, Widget, WidgetHandle, WidgetId,
+        WidgetUpdate,
+    },
+    render::{Mask, MaskIdx, Primitive, PrimitiveHandle, PrimitiveInst},
+    util::{HashMap, HashSet, RefMap, TrackedArena},
+};
+
+/// makes your surfaces look pretty
+pub struct Painter<'a, 'c> {
+    ctx: &'a mut PainterCtx<'c>,
+    widget: WidgetHandle,
+    id: WidgetId,
+    region: UiRegion,
+    mask: MaskIdx,
+    textures: Vec<TextureHandle>,
+    primitives: Vec<PrimitiveHandle>,
+    children: Vec<WidgetId>,
+    children_width: HashMap<WidgetId, (UiVec2, Len)>,
+    children_height: HashMap<WidgetId, (UiVec2, Len)>,
+    pub layer: usize,
+}
+
+/// context for a painter; lets you draw and redraw widgets
+struct PainterCtx<'a> {
+    ui_id: UiId,
+    pub active: &'a mut HashMap<WidgetId, WidgetInstance>,
+    pub layers: &'a mut PrimitiveLayers,
+    pub textures: &'a mut Textures,
+    pub masks: &'a mut TrackedArena<Mask, u32>,
+    pub text: &'a mut TextData,
+    pub output_size: Vec2,
+    send: &'a Sender<WidgetUpdate>,
+    pub cache_width: HashMap<WidgetId, (UiVec2, Len)>,
+    pub cache_height: HashMap<WidgetId, (UiVec2, Len)>,
+    pub needs_redraw: HashSet<WidgetId>,
+    draw_started: HashSet<WidgetId>,
+}
+
+/// stores information for children about the highest level parent that needed their size
+/// so that they can redraw the parent if their size changes
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
+pub struct ResizeRef {
+    x: Option<(WidgetId, (UiVec2, Len))>,
+    y: Option<(WidgetId, (UiVec2, Len))>,
+}
+
+/// important non rendering data for retained drawing
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct WidgetInstance {
+    pub id: WidgetId,
+    pub region: UiRegion,
+    pub parent: Option<WidgetId>,
+    pub textures: Vec<TextureHandle>,
+    pub primitives: Vec<PrimitiveHandle>,
+    pub children: Vec<WidgetId>,
+    pub resize: ResizeRef,
+    pub mask: MaskIdx,
+    pub layer: LayerId,
+}
+
+/// data to be stored in Ui to create PainterCtxs easily
+/// TODO: actually use this LMAO
+pub struct PainterData {
+    ui_id: UiId,
+    pub active: HashMap<WidgetId, WidgetInstance>,
+    pub layers: PrimitiveLayers,
+    pub textures: Textures,
+    pub text: TextData,
+    pub output_size: Vec2,
+    pub px_dependent: HashSet<WidgetId>,
+    pub masks: TrackedArena<Mask, u32>,
+    send: Sender<WidgetUpdate>,
+}
+
+impl PainterData {
+    pub fn new(ui_id: UiId, send: Sender<WidgetUpdate>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            ui_id,
+            active: Default::default(),
+            layers: Default::default(),
+            textures: Default::default(),
+            text: Default::default(),
+            output_size: Default::default(),
+            px_dependent: Default::default(),
+            masks: Default::default(),
+            send,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> PainterCtx<'a> {
+    /// redraws a widget that's currently active (drawn)
+    /// can be called on something already drawn or removed,
+    /// will just return if so
+    pub fn redraw<W: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>>(&mut self, widget: &WidgetHandle<W>) {
+        let id = widget.id();
+        self.needs_redraw.remove(&id);
+        if self.draw_started.contains(&id) {
+            return;
+        }
+        let Some(active) = self.active.get(&id) else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let mut resize = active.resize;
+
+        // set resize back after redrawing
+        let finish = |s: &mut Self, resize| {
+            if let Some(active) = s.active.get_mut(&id) {
+                // might need to get_or_insert here instead of just assuming
+                active.resize = resize;
+            }
+        };
+
+        // check if a parent depends on the desired size of this, if so then redraw it first
+        // TODO: this is stupid having 2 of these, don't ask me what the consequences are
+        let mut ret = false;
+        if let Some((rid, (outer, old_desired))) = &mut resize.x {
+            let new_desired = SizeCtx {
+                source: id,
+                cache_width: &mut self.cache_width,
+                cache_height: &mut self.cache_height,
+                text: self.text,
+                textures: self.textures,
+                outer: *outer,
+                output_size: self.output_size,
+                checked_width: &mut Default::default(),
+                checked_height: &mut Default::default(),
+                id,
+            }
+            .width(widget);
+            if new_desired != *old_desired
+                && let Some(w) = rid.strong()
+            {
+                // unsure if I need to walk down the tree here
+                self.redraw(&w);
+                *old_desired = new_desired;
+                if self.draw_started.contains(&id) {
+                    ret = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if let Some((rid, (outer, old_desired))) = &mut resize.y {
+            // NOTE: might need hack in Span here (or also do it properly here)
+            let new_desired = SizeCtx {
+                source: id,
+                cache_width: &mut self.cache_width,
+                cache_height: &mut self.cache_height,
+                text: self.text,
+                textures: self.textures,
+                outer: *outer,
+                output_size: self.output_size,
+                checked_width: &mut Default::default(),
+                checked_height: &mut Default::default(),
+                id,
+            }
+            .height(widget);
+            if new_desired != *old_desired
+                && let Some(w) = rid.strong()
+            {
+                self.redraw(&w);
+                *old_desired = new_desired;
+                if self.draw_started.contains(&id) {
+                    ret = true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ret {
+            return finish(self, resize);
+        }
+
+        let Some(active) = self.remove(id, false) else {
+            return;
+        };
+
+        self.draw_inner(
+            active.layer,
+            widget,
+            active.region,
+            active.parent,
+            active.mask,
+            Some(active.children),
+        );
+        finish(self, resize);
+    }
+
+    fn draw_inner<W: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>>(
+        &mut self,
+        layer: usize,
+        widget: &WidgetHandle<W>,
+        region: UiRegion,
+        parent: Option<WidgetId>,
+        mask: MaskIdx,
+        old_children: Option<Vec<WidgetId>>,
+    ) {
+        let id = widget.id();
+        widget.data_mut().send = Some(self.send.clone());
+        // I have no idea if these checks work lol
+        // the idea is u can't redraw stuff u already drew,
+        // and if parent is different then there's another copy with a different parent
+        // but this has a very weird issue where you can't move widgets unless u remove first
+        // so swapping is impossible rn I think?
+        // there's definitely better solutions like a counter (>1 = panic) but don't care rn
+        // if self.draw_started.contains(&id) {
+        //     panic!(
+        //         "Cannot draw the same widget ({}) twice (1)",
+        //         self.widgets.data(&id).unwrap().label
+        //     );
+        // }
+        let mut old_children = old_children.unwrap_or_default();
+        let mut resize = ResizeRef::default();
+        if let Some(active) = self.active.get_mut(&id)
+            && !self.needs_redraw.contains(&id)
+        {
+            // check to see if we can skip drawing first
+            if active.parent != parent {
+                panic!("Cannot draw the same widget twice (2)");
+            }
+            if active.region == region {
+                return;
+            } else if active.region.size() == region.size() {
+                // TODO: epsilon?
+                let from = active.region;
+                self.mov(id, from, region);
+                return;
+            }
+            // if not, then maintain resize and track old children to remove unneeded
+            let active = self.remove(id, false).unwrap();
+            old_children = active.children;
+            resize = active.resize;
+        }
+
+        // draw widget
+        self.draw_started.insert(id);
+
+        let mut painter = Painter {
+            region,
+            mask,
+            layer,
+            widget: widget.as_any(),
+            id,
+            textures: Vec::new(),
+            primitives: Vec::new(),
+            ctx: self,
+            children: Vec::new(),
+            children_width: Default::default(),
+            children_height: Default::default(),
+        };
+
+        widget.get_mut_quiet().draw(&mut painter);
+
+        let children_width = painter.children_width;
+        let children_height = painter.children_height;
+
+        // add to active
+        let instance = WidgetInstance {
+            id,
+            region,
+            parent,
+            textures: painter.textures,
+            primitives: painter.primitives,
+            children: painter.children,
+            resize,
+            mask: painter.mask,
+            layer,
+        };
+        // set resize for children who's size this widget depends on
+        for (cid, outer) in children_width {
+            if let Some(w) = self.active.get_mut(&cid)
+                && w.resize.x.is_none()
+            {
+                w.resize.x = Some((id, outer))
+            }
+        }
+        for (cid, outer) in children_height {
+            if let Some(w) = self.active.get_mut(&cid)
+                && w.resize.y.is_none()
+            {
+                w.resize.y = Some((id, outer))
+            }
+        }
+
+        // remove old children that weren't kept
+        for c in &old_children {
+            if !instance.children.contains(c) {
+                self.remove_rec(*c);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // run events
+        id.map_event_managers(|mut m| {
+            m.draw(self.ui_id, &instance);
+        });
+        self.active.insert(id, instance);
+    }
+
+    fn mov(&mut self, id: WidgetId, from: UiRegion, to: UiRegion) {
+        let active = self.active.get_mut(&id).unwrap();
+        for h in &active.primitives {
+            let region = self.layers[h.layer].region_mut(h);
+            *region = region.outside(&from).within(&to);
+        }
+        active.region = active.region.outside(&from).within(&to);
+        // children will not be changed, so this technically should not be needed
+        // probably need unsafe
+        let children = active.children.clone();
+        for child in children {
+            self.mov(child, from, to);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// NOTE: instance textures are cleared and self.textures freed
+    fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId, undraw: bool) -> Option<WidgetInstance> {
+        let mut inst = self.active.remove(&id);
+        if let Some(inst) = &mut inst {
+            for h in &inst.primitives {
+                let mask = self.layers.free(h);
+                if mask != MaskIdx::NONE {
+                    self.masks.remove(mask);
+                }
+            }
+            inst.textures.clear();
+            self.textures.free();
+            if undraw {
+                id.map_event_managers(|mut m| {
+                    m.undraw(self.ui_id, inst);
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        inst
+    }
+
+    fn remove_rec(&mut self, id: WidgetId) -> Option<WidgetInstance> {
+        let inst = self.remove(id, true);
+        if let Some(inst) = &inst {
+            for c in &inst.children {
+                self.remove_rec(*c);
+            }
+        }
+        inst
+    }
+}
+
+impl PainterData {
+    fn ctx(&mut self, needs_redraw: HashSet<WidgetId>) -> PainterCtx<'_> {
+        PainterCtx {
+            ui_id: self.ui_id,
+            active: &mut self.active,
+            layers: &mut self.layers,
+            textures: &mut self.textures,
+            text: &mut self.text,
+            output_size: self.output_size,
+            masks: &mut self.masks,
+            send: &self.send,
+            cache_width: Default::default(),
+            cache_height: Default::default(),
+            draw_started: Default::default(),
+            needs_redraw,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn draw<W: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>>(&mut self, id: &WidgetHandle<W>) {
+        let mut ctx = self.ctx(Default::default());
+        ctx.draw_started.clear();
+        ctx.layers.clear();
+        ctx.draw_inner(0, id, UiRegion::FULL, None, MaskIdx::NONE, None);
+    }
+
+    pub fn redraw(&mut self, ids: HashSet<WidgetId>) {
+        let mut ctx = self.ctx(ids);
+        while let Some(&id) = ctx.needs_redraw.iter().next() {
+            if let Some(w) = id.strong() {
+                ctx.redraw(&w);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, 'c> Painter<'a, 'c> {
+    fn primitive_at<P: Primitive>(&mut self, primitive: P, region: UiRegion) {
+        let h = self.ctx.layers.write(
+            self.layer,
+            PrimitiveInst {
+                id: self.id(),
+                primitive,
+                region,
+                mask_idx: self.mask,
+            },
+        );
+        if self.mask != MaskIdx::NONE {
+            // TODO: I have no clue if this works at all :joy:
+            self.ctx.masks.push_ref(self.mask);
+        }
+        self.primitives.push(h);
+    }
+
+    /// Writes a primitive to be rendered
+    pub fn primitive<P: Primitive>(&mut self, primitive: P) {
+        self.primitive_at(primitive, self.region)
+    }
+
+    pub fn primitive_within<P: Primitive>(&mut self, primitive: P, region: UiRegion) {
+        self.primitive_at(primitive, region.within(&self.region));
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_mask(&mut self, region: UiRegion) {
+        assert!(self.mask == MaskIdx::NONE);
+        self.mask = self.ctx.masks.push(Mask { region });
+    }
+
+    /// Draws a widget within this widget's region.
+    pub fn widget<W: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>>(&mut self, id: &WidgetHandle<W>) {
+        self.widget_at(id, self.region);
+    }
+
+    /// Draws a widget somewhere within this one.
+    /// Useful for drawing child widgets in select areas.
+    pub fn widget_within<W: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>>(
+        &mut self,
+        id: &WidgetHandle<W>,
+        region: UiRegion,
+    ) {
+        self.widget_at(id, region.within(&self.region));
+    }
+
+    fn widget_at<W: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>>(
+        &mut self,
+        id: &WidgetHandle<W>,
+        region: UiRegion,
+    ) {
+        self.children.push(id.id());
+        self.ctx
+            .draw_inner(self.layer, id, region, Some(self.id()), self.mask, None);
+    }
+
+    pub fn texture_within(&mut self, handle: &TextureHandle, region: UiRegion) {
+        self.textures.push(handle.clone());
+        self.primitive_at(handle.primitive(), region.within(&self.region));
+    }
+
+    pub fn texture(&mut self, handle: &TextureHandle) {
+        self.textures.push(handle.clone());
+        self.primitive(handle.primitive());
+    }
+
+    pub fn texture_at(&mut self, handle: &TextureHandle, region: UiRegion) {
+        self.textures.push(handle.clone());
+        self.primitive_at(handle.primitive(), region);
+    }
+
+    /// returns (handle, offset from top left)
+    pub fn render_text(&mut self, buffer: &mut TextBuffer, attrs: &TextAttrs) -> RenderedText {
+        self.ctx
+            .text
+            .get_mut()
+            .draw(buffer, attrs, self.ctx.textures)
+    }
+
+    pub fn region(&self) -> UiRegion {
+        self.region
+    }
+
+    pub fn size<W: Widget + ?Sized>(&mut self, id: &WidgetHandle<W>) -> Size {
+        self.size_ctx().size(id)
+    }
+
+    pub fn len_axis<W: Widget + ?Sized>(&mut self, id: &WidgetHandle<W>, axis: Axis) -> Len {
+        match axis {
+            Axis::X => self.size_ctx().width(id),
+            Axis::Y => self.size_ctx().height(id),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn size_ctx(&mut self) -> SizeCtx<'_> {
+        SizeCtx {
+            source: self.id(),
+            id: self.id(),
+            text: self.ctx.text,
+            textures: self.ctx.textures,
+            output_size: self.ctx.output_size,
+            checked_width: &mut self.children_width,
+            checked_height: &mut self.children_height,
+            cache_width: &mut self.ctx.cache_width,
+            cache_height: &mut self.ctx.cache_height,
+            outer: self.region.size(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn output_size(&self) -> Vec2 {
+        self.ctx.output_size
+    }
+
+    pub fn px_size(&mut self) -> Vec2 {
+        self.region.size().to_abs(self.ctx.output_size)
+    }
+
+    pub fn text_data(&mut self) -> &mut TextData {
+        self.ctx.text
+    }
+
+    pub fn child_layer(&mut self) {
+        self.layer = self.ctx.layers.child(self.layer);
+    }
+
+    pub fn next_layer(&mut self) {
+        self.layer = self.ctx.layers.next(self.layer);
+    }
+
+    pub fn label(&self) -> RefMap<'_, String> {
+        self.widget.get_label()
+    }
+
+    pub fn id(&self) -> WidgetId {
+        self.id
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct SizeCtx<'a> {
+    pub text: &'a mut TextData,
+    pub textures: &'a mut Textures,
+    source: WidgetId,
+    cache_width: &'a mut HashMap<WidgetId, (UiVec2, Len)>,
+    cache_height: &'a mut HashMap<WidgetId, (UiVec2, Len)>,
+    checked_width: &'a mut HashMap<WidgetId, (UiVec2, Len)>,
+    checked_height: &'a mut HashMap<WidgetId, (UiVec2, Len)>,
+    /// TODO: should this be pub? rn used for sized
+    pub outer: UiVec2,
+    output_size: Vec2,
+    id: WidgetId,
+}
+
+impl SizeCtx<'_> {
+    pub fn id(&self) -> &WidgetId {
+        &self.id
+    }
+
+    pub fn source(&self) -> &WidgetId {
+        &self.source
+    }
+
+    pub fn width<W: Widget + ?Sized>(&mut self, widget: &WidgetHandle<W>) -> Len {
+        // first check cache
+        // TODO: is this needed? broken rn bc does not store children during upper size check,
+        // so if something actually using check_* hits cache it fails to add them
+        // if let Some(&(outer, len)) = self.cache_width.get(&id)
+        //     && outer == self.outer
+        // {
+        //     self.checked_width.insert(id, (self.outer, len));
+        //     return len;
+        // }
+        // store self vars that need to be maintained
+        let id = widget.id();
+        let self_outer = self.outer;
+        let self_id = self.id;
+        // get size of input id
+        self.id = id;
+        let len = widget.get_mut_quiet().desired_width(self);
+        // restore vars & update cache + checked
+        self.outer = self_outer;
+        self.id = self_id;
+        self.cache_width.insert(id, (self.outer, len));
+        self.checked_width.insert(id, (self.outer, len));
+        len
+    }
+
+    // TODO: should be refactored to share code w width_inner
+    pub fn height<W: Widget + ?Sized>(&mut self, widget: &WidgetHandle<W>) -> Len {
+        // if let Some(&(outer, len)) = self.cache_height.get(&id)
+        //     && outer == self.outer
+        // {
+        //     self.checked_height.insert(id, (self.outer, len));
+        //     return len;
+        // }
+        let id = widget.id();
+        let self_outer = self.outer;
+        let self_id = self.id;
+        self.id = id;
+        let len = widget.get_mut_quiet().desired_height(self);
+        self.outer = self_outer;
+        self.id = self_id;
+        self.cache_height.insert(id, (self.outer, len));
+        self.checked_height.insert(id, (self.outer, len));
+        len
+    }
+
+    pub fn len_axis<W: Widget + ?Sized>(&mut self, id: &WidgetHandle<W>, axis: Axis) -> Len {
+        match axis {
+            Axis::X => self.width(id),
+            Axis::Y => self.height(id),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn size<W: Widget + ?Sized>(&mut self, id: &WidgetHandle<W>) -> Size {
+        Size {
+            x: self.width(id),
+            y: self.height(id),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn px_size(&mut self) -> Vec2 {
+        self.outer.to_abs(self.output_size)
+    }
+
+    pub fn output_size(&mut self) -> Vec2 {
+        self.output_size
+    }
+
+    pub fn draw_text(&mut self, buffer: &mut TextBuffer, attrs: &TextAttrs) -> RenderedText {
+        self.text.get_mut().draw(buffer, attrs, self.textures)
+    }
+}

core/src/layout/primitive/color.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
+#![allow(clippy::multiple_bound_locations)]
+
 use std::marker::Destruct;
 
 /// stored in linear for sane manipulation
 #[repr(C)]
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, bytemuck::Zeroable, Debug)]
-pub struct Color<T> {
+pub struct Color<T: ColorNum> {
     pub r: T,
     pub g: T,
     pub b: T,

core/src/layout/primitive/layer.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 use std::ops::{Index, IndexMut};
 
-use crate::{
+use crate::render::{MaskIdx, Primitive, PrimitiveHandle, PrimitiveInst, Primitives};
-    render::{MaskIdx, Primitive, PrimitiveHandle, PrimitiveInst, Primitives},
-    util::to_mut,
-};
 
 pub type LayerId = usize;
 
@@ -54,13 +51,13 @@ impl<T: Default> Layers<T> {
         self.vec.push(LayerNode::head());
     }
 
-    fn push(&mut self, node: LayerNode<T>) -> LayerId {
+    fn push(&mut self, node: LayerNode<T>) -> usize {
         let i = self.vec.len();
         self.vec.push(node);
         i
     }
 
-    pub fn next(&mut self, i: LayerId) -> LayerId {
+    pub fn next(&mut self, i: usize) -> usize {
         if let Ptr::Next(i) = self.vec[i].next {
             return i;
         }
@@ -80,7 +77,7 @@ impl<T: Default> Layers<T> {
         i_new
     }
 
-    pub fn child(&mut self, i: LayerId) -> LayerId {
+    pub fn child(&mut self, i: usize) -> usize {
         if let Some(c) = self.vec[i].child {
             return c.head;
         }
@@ -105,11 +102,11 @@ impl<T: Default> Layers<T> {
         self.vec.iter_mut().map(|n| &mut n.data).enumerate()
     }
 
-    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (LayerId, &T)> {
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (usize, &T)> {
         self.indices().map(|i| (i, &self.vec[i].data))
     }
 
-    pub fn iter_depth(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = ((LayerId, usize), &T)> {
+    pub fn iter_depth(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = ((usize, usize), &T)> {
         self.indices()
             .map(|i| ((i, self.vec[i].depth), &self.vec[i].data))
     }
@@ -120,11 +117,7 @@ impl<T: Default> Layers<T> {
 }
 
 impl PrimitiveLayers {
-    pub fn write<P: Primitive>(
+    pub fn write<P: Primitive>(&mut self, layer: usize, info: PrimitiveInst<P>) -> PrimitiveHandle {
-        &mut self,
-        layer: LayerId,
-        info: PrimitiveInst<P>,
-    ) -> PrimitiveHandle {
         self[layer].write(layer, info)
     }
 
@@ -139,16 +132,16 @@ impl<T: Default> Default for Layers<T> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<T> Index<LayerId> for Layers<T> {
+impl<T> Index<usize> for Layers<T> {
     type Output = T;
 
-    fn index(&self, index: LayerId) -> &Self::Output {
+    fn index(&self, index: usize) -> &Self::Output {
         &self.vec[index].data
     }
 }
 
-impl<T> IndexMut<LayerId> for Layers<T> {
+impl<T> IndexMut<usize> for Layers<T> {
-    fn index_mut(&mut self, index: LayerId) -> &mut Self::Output {
+    fn index_mut(&mut self, index: usize) -> &mut Self::Output {
         &mut self.vec[index].data
     }
 }
@@ -179,7 +172,8 @@ impl<'a, T> Iterator for LayerIteratorMut<'a, T> {
     fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
         let i = self.inner.next()?;
         // SAFETY: requires index iterator to work properly
-        let layer = unsafe { to_mut(&self.inner.vec[i].data) };
+        #[allow(mutable_transmutes)]
+        let layer = unsafe { std::mem::transmute::<&T, &mut T>(&self.inner.vec[i].data) };
         Some((i, layer))
     }
 }
@@ -188,7 +182,8 @@ impl<'a, T> DoubleEndedIterator for LayerIteratorMut<'a, T> {
     fn next_back(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
         let i = self.inner.next_back()?;
         // SAFETY: requires index iterator to work properly
-        let layer = unsafe { to_mut(&self.inner.vec[i].data) };
+        #[allow(mutable_transmutes)]
+        let layer = unsafe { std::mem::transmute::<&T, &mut T>(&self.inner.vec[i].data) };
         Some((i, layer))
     }
 }

core/src/layout/primitive/mask.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+//! tree structure for masking
+
+use crate::layout::UiRegion;
+
+pub struct Masks {
+    data: Vec<MaskNode>,
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct MaskPtr(u32);
+
+#[repr(C)]
+pub struct MaskNode {
+    /// TODO: this is just a rect for now,
+    /// but would like to support arbitrary masks
+    /// at some point; custom shader
+    /// would probably handle that case
+    /// bc you'd need to render to a special target
+    /// anyways
+    region: UiRegion,
+    prev: MaskPtr,
+}
+
+impl MaskPtr {
+    const NONE: Self = Self(u32::MAX);
+}
+
+impl Masks {
+    pub fn push(&mut self, parent: MaskPtr, region: UiRegion) -> MaskPtr {
+        match parent.0 {
+            _ => {
+            }
+            u32::MAX => {
+                let i = self.data.len();
+                self.data.push(MaskNode {
+                    region,
+                    prev: parent,
+                });
+                MaskPtr(i as u32)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn pop(&mut self, i: usize) {}
+}

core/src/layout/primitive/text.rs

@@ -1,23 +1,29 @@
-use crate::{Align, RegionAlign, TextureHandle, Textures, UiColor, util::Vec2};
+use std::simd::{Simd, num::SimdUint};
+
+use crate::{
+    layout::{Align, RegionAlign, TextureHandle, Textures, UiColor, Vec2},
+    util::Handle,
+};
 use cosmic_text::{
     Attrs, AttrsList, Buffer, CacheKey, Color, Family, FontSystem, Metrics, Placement, SwashCache,
     SwashContent,
 };
 use image::{GenericImageView, RgbaImage};
-use std::simd::{Simd, num::SimdUint};
 
 /// TODO: properly wrap this
 pub mod text_lib {
     pub use cosmic_text::*;
 }
 
-pub struct TextData {
+pub type TextData = Handle<TextDataInner>;
+
+pub struct TextDataInner {
     pub font_system: FontSystem,
     pub swash_cache: SwashCache,
     glyph_cache: Vec<(Placement, CacheKey, Color)>,
 }
 
-impl Default for TextData {
+impl Default for TextDataInner {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
             font_system: FontSystem::new(),
@@ -58,7 +64,7 @@ pub type TextBuffer = Buffer;
 
 impl Default for TextAttrs {
     fn default() -> Self {
-        let size = 16.0;
+        let size = 14.0;
         Self {
             color: UiColor::WHITE,
             font_size: size,
@@ -72,7 +78,7 @@ impl Default for TextAttrs {
 
 pub const LINE_HEIGHT_MULT: f32 = 1.1;
 
-impl TextData {
+impl TextDataInner {
     pub fn draw(
         &mut self,
         buffer: &mut TextBuffer,

core/src/layout/primitive/texture.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
-use crate::{
-    render::TexturePrimitive,
-    util::{RefCounter, Vec2},
-};
-use image::{DynamicImage, GenericImageView};
 use std::{
     ops::Index,
     sync::mpsc::{Receiver, Sender, channel},
 };
 
+use image::{DynamicImage, GenericImageView};
+
+use crate::{layout::Vec2, render::TexturePrimitive, util::RefCounter};
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct TextureHandle {
     inner: TexturePrimitive,

core/src/layout/ui.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+use image::DynamicImage;
+
+use crate::{
+    layout::{
+        IdLike, PainterData, PixelRegion, TextureHandle, Vec2, WidgetHandle, WidgetId,
+        WidgetInstance, WidgetLike, WidgetUpdate,
+    },
+    util::{HashMap, HashSet, Id, StaticIdTracker},
+};
+use std::sync::mpsc::{Receiver, channel};
+
+static ID_TRACKER: StaticIdTracker = StaticIdTracker::new();
+pub type UiId = Id;
+
+pub struct Ui {
+    id: UiId,
+    pub(crate) data: PainterData,
+    root: Option<WidgetHandle>,
+    updates: HashSet<WidgetId>,
+    recv: Receiver<WidgetUpdate>,
+    full_redraw: bool,
+    resized: bool,
+}
+
+impl Ui {
+    pub fn id(&self) -> UiId {
+        self.id
+    }
+    pub fn set_root<Tag>(&mut self, w: impl WidgetLike<Tag>) {
+        self.root = Some(w.add(self));
+        self.full_redraw = true;
+    }
+
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+
+    pub fn add_texture(&mut self, image: DynamicImage) -> TextureHandle {
+        self.data.textures.add(image)
+    }
+
+    pub fn resize(&mut self, size: impl Into<Vec2>) {
+        self.data.output_size = size.into();
+        self.resized = true;
+    }
+
+    fn redraw_all(&mut self) {
+        for (id, inst) in self.data.active.drain() {
+            id.map_event_managers(|mut m| {
+                m.undraw(self.id, &inst);
+            });
+        }
+        // free before bc nothing should exist
+        self.free();
+        if let Some(root) = &self.root {
+            self.data.draw(root);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn update(&mut self) -> bool {
+        for id in self.recv.try_iter() {
+            self.updates.insert(id);
+        }
+        if self.full_redraw {
+            self.redraw_all();
+            self.full_redraw = false;
+            true
+        } else if self.resized {
+            self.resized = false;
+            self.redraw_all();
+            true
+        } else if !self.updates.is_empty() {
+            self.redraw_updates();
+            true
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn redraw_updates(&mut self) {
+        self.data.redraw(std::mem::take(&mut self.updates));
+        self.free();
+    }
+
+    /// free any resources that don't have references anymore
+    fn free(&mut self) {
+        self.data.textures.free();
+    }
+
+    pub fn needs_redraw(&self) -> bool {
+        self.full_redraw || !self.updates.is_empty()
+    }
+
+    pub fn active_widgets(&self) -> usize {
+        self.data.active.len()
+    }
+
+    pub fn active(&self) -> &HashMap<WidgetId, WidgetInstance> {
+        &self.data.active
+    }
+
+    pub fn debug_layers(&self) {
+        for ((idx, depth), primitives) in self.data.layers.iter_depth() {
+            let indent = " ".repeat(depth * 2);
+            let len = primitives.instances().len();
+            print!("{indent}{idx}: {len} primitives");
+            if len >= 1 {
+                print!(" ({})", primitives.instances()[0].binding);
+            }
+            println!();
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn window_region<W>(&self, id: &impl IdLike<W>) -> Option<PixelRegion> {
+        let region = self.data.active.get(&id.id())?.region;
+        Some(region.to_px(self.data.output_size))
+    }
+
+    pub fn debug(&self, label: &str) -> impl Iterator<Item = &WidgetInstance> {
+        self.data.active.iter().filter_map(move |(id, inst)| {
+            let widget = id.strong().unwrap();
+            if widget.get_label().as_str() == label {
+                Some(inst)
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn data(&self) -> &PainterData {
+        &self.data
+    }
+
+    pub fn data_mut(&mut self) -> &mut PainterData {
+        &mut self.data
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for Ui {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        let (send, recv) = channel();
+        let id = ID_TRACKER.next();
+        Self {
+            id,
+            data: PainterData::new(id, send),
+            root: Default::default(),
+            updates: Default::default(),
+            full_redraw: false,
+            recv,
+            resized: false,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Ui {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        ID_TRACKER.free(self.id);
+    }
+}

core/src/layout/view.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+use crate::layout::{Widget, WidgetHandle, WidgetLike};
+use std::marker::Unsize;
+
+pub trait WidgetView {
+    type Widget: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget> = dyn Widget;
+    fn view(self) -> WidgetHandle<Self::Widget>;
+}
+
+pub struct ViewTag;
+
+impl<WV: WidgetView> WidgetLike<ViewTag> for WV {
+    type Widget = WV::Widget;
+
+    fn add(self, _ui: &mut super::Ui) -> WidgetHandle<Self::Widget> {
+        self.view()
+    }
+}

core/src/layout/widget/data.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+use std::{any::TypeId, sync::mpsc::Sender};
+
+use crate::{
+    layout::{EVENT_TYPES, EventManager, WIDGETS, WidgetId, WidgetUpdate},
+    util::{Handle, HashSet},
+};
+
+pub struct WidgetData<W: ?Sized> {
+    pub id: WidgetId,
+    pub send: Option<Sender<WidgetUpdate>>,
+    pub label: String,
+    pub event_managers: HashSet<TypeId>,
+    pub widget: W,
+}
+
+impl<W: ?Sized> WidgetData<W> {
+    pub(crate) fn event_managers(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = Handle<dyn EventManager>> {
+        self.event_managers
+            .iter()
+            .map(|id| EVENT_TYPES.lock().unwrap().get_mut(id).unwrap().clone())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: ?Sized> Drop for WidgetData<W> {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        WIDGETS.remove(self.id);
+        for mut m in self.event_managers() {
+            m.remove(self.id);
+        }
+    }
+}

core/src/layout/widget/handle.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+use std::{marker::Unsize, mem::MaybeUninit, ops::CoerceUnsized};
+
+use crate::{
+    layout::{EventManager, IdFnTag, IdTag, Ui, WIDGETS, Widget, WidgetData, WidgetLike},
+    util::{
+        Handle, MappedRefGuard, MappedRefGuardMut, Ref, RefGuard, RefGuardMut, RefMap, RefMapMut,
+        RefMut, WeakHandle,
+    },
+};
+
+pub(super) type SlotTy = u32;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub struct WidgetId {
+    pub(super) i: SlotTy,
+    pub(super) genr: SlotTy,
+}
+
+/// A strong handle to a widget. Cannot be cloned, only one may exist
+/// Use .weak() to obtain weak references to this
+pub struct WidgetHandle<W: ?Sized = dyn Widget>(WidgetId, Handle<WidgetData<W>>);
+/// A weak handle to a widget. Implements Copy so you can easily pass into closures
+pub struct WidgetRef<W: ?Sized = dyn Widget>(WidgetId, *const W);
+
+pub type WidgetUpdate = WidgetId;
+
+impl<W: Widget> WidgetHandle<W> {
+    pub(super) fn new(id: WidgetId, widget: W) -> Self {
+        let mut label = std::any::type_name::<W>().to_string();
+        if let (Some(first), Some(last)) = (label.find(":"), label.rfind(":")) {
+            label = label.split_at(first).0.to_string() + "::" + label.split_at(last + 1).1;
+        }
+        Self(
+            id,
+            WidgetData {
+                id,
+                widget,
+                send: None,
+                label,
+                event_managers: Default::default(),
+            }
+            .into(),
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>> WidgetHandle<W> {
+    pub(super) fn weak_inner(&self) -> WeakHandle<WidgetData<W>> {
+        self.1.weak()
+    }
+
+    pub fn any(self) -> WidgetHandle<dyn Widget> {
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// DO NOT CALL OTHER THAN TEMP IN PAINTER
+    pub(crate) fn as_any(&self) -> WidgetHandle<dyn Widget> {
+        WidgetHandle(self.0, self.1.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: ?Sized> WidgetHandle<W> {
+    pub fn id(&self) -> WidgetId {
+        self.0
+    }
+
+    pub fn get(&self) -> RefMap<'_, W> {
+        Ref::map(self.1.get(), |i| &mut i.widget)
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_mut(&self) -> RefMapMut<'_, W> {
+        let inner = self.1.get_mut();
+        if let Some(send) = &inner.send {
+            let _ = send.send(self.0);
+        }
+        RefMut::map(inner, |i| &mut i.widget)
+    }
+
+    pub fn data(&self) -> Ref<'_, WidgetData<W>> {
+        self.1.get()
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn data_mut(&self) -> RefMut<'_, WidgetData<W>> {
+        self.1.get_mut()
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn get_mut_quiet(&self) -> RefMapMut<'_, W> {
+        RefMut::map(self.1.get_mut(), |i| &mut i.widget)
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_label(&self) -> RefMap<'_, String> {
+        Ref::map(self.1.get(), |i| &mut i.label)
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_label(&self, label: impl Into<String>) {
+        self.1.get_mut().label = label.into();
+    }
+
+    /// TODO: THIS SHOULD ALWAYS BE 1, remove this probably (weak count might be nice though)
+    pub fn refs(&self) -> usize {
+        self.1.refs()
+    }
+
+    pub fn weak(&self) -> WidgetRef<W> {
+        WidgetRef::new(self.0)
+    }
+}
+
+pub type WRef<'a, W> = MappedRefGuard<'a, WidgetData<W>, W>;
+pub type WRefMut<'a, W> = MappedRefGuardMut<'a, WidgetData<W>, W>;
+
+impl<W: Widget> WidgetRef<W> {
+    fn handle(&self) -> Handle<WidgetData<W>> {
+        WIDGETS.get_type(self.0).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    pub fn get<'a>(&self) -> WRef<'a, W> {
+        RefGuard::map(self.handle().get_take(), |i| &mut i.widget)
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_mut<'a>(&self) -> WRefMut<'a, W> {
+        let inner = self.handle().get_take_mut();
+
+        if let Some(send) = &inner.send {
+            let _ = send.send(self.0);
+        }
+        RefGuardMut::map(inner, |i| &mut i.widget)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: ?Sized + Widget> WidgetRef<W> {
+    pub fn data<'a>(&self) -> Option<RefGuard<'a, WidgetData<dyn Widget>>> {
+        Some(WIDGETS.get(self.0)?.get_take())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn data_mut(&self) -> Option<RefGuardMut<'_, WidgetData<dyn Widget>>> {
+        Some(WIDGETS.get(self.0)?.get_take_mut())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>> WidgetRef<W> {
+    pub fn any(self) -> WidgetRef<dyn Widget> {
+        WidgetRef::new(self.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: ?Sized> WidgetRef<W> {
+    fn new(id: WidgetId) -> Self {
+        Self(id, unsafe { MaybeUninit::zeroed().assume_init() })
+    }
+
+    pub fn id(&self) -> WidgetId {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl WidgetId {
+    /// THIS SHOULD ONLY BE CALLED FOR TEMP STUFF DURING PAINTING
+    pub(crate) fn strong(self) -> Option<WidgetHandle> {
+        Some(WidgetHandle(self, WIDGETS.get(self)?))
+    }
+
+    pub fn weak(self) -> WidgetRef {
+        WidgetRef::new(self)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn map_event_managers(&self, f: impl Fn(Handle<dyn EventManager>)) {
+        let Some(data) = self.weak().data() else {
+            return;
+        };
+        for m in data.event_managers() {
+            f(m)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait WidgetIdFn<W: ?Sized = dyn Widget>: FnOnce(&mut Ui) -> WidgetHandle<W> {}
+impl<W: ?Sized, F: FnOnce(&mut Ui) -> WidgetHandle<W>> WidgetIdFn<W> for F {}
+
+pub trait WidgetRet: FnOnce(&mut Ui) -> WidgetHandle {}
+impl<F: FnOnce(&mut Ui) -> WidgetHandle> WidgetRet for F {}
+
+impl<W: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget> + 'static> WidgetLike<IdTag> for WidgetHandle<W> {
+    type Widget = W;
+    fn add(self, _: &mut Ui) -> WidgetHandle<W> {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget> + 'static, F: FnOnce(&mut Ui) -> WidgetHandle<W>>
+    WidgetLike<IdFnTag> for F
+{
+    type Widget = W;
+    fn add(self, ui: &mut Ui) -> WidgetHandle<W> {
+        self(ui)
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait IdLike<W> {
+    fn id(&self) -> WidgetId;
+}
+
+impl<W> IdLike<W> for WidgetHandle<W> {
+    fn id(&self) -> WidgetId {
+        self.id()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W> IdLike<W> for WidgetRef<W> {
+    fn id(&self) -> WidgetId {
+        self.id()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized + Unsize<U>, U: ?Sized> CoerceUnsized<WidgetHandle<U>> for WidgetHandle<T> {}
+impl<T: ?Sized + Unsize<U>, U: ?Sized> CoerceUnsized<WidgetRef<U>> for WidgetRef<T> {}
+
+impl<W> PartialEq for WidgetHandle<W> {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        self.id() == other.id()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W> std::fmt::Debug for WidgetHandle<W> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.id().fmt(f)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: ?Sized> Clone for WidgetRef<W> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        *self
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: ?Sized> Copy for WidgetRef<W> {}
+
+impl<W: ?Sized> PartialEq for WidgetRef<W> {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        self.0 == other.0
+    }
+}
+unsafe impl<W: ?Sized> Send for WidgetRef<W> {}
+unsafe impl<W: ?Sized> Sync for WidgetRef<W> {}

core/src/layout/widget/like.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+use super::*;
+use std::marker::Unsize;
+
+pub trait WidgetLike<Tag> {
+    type Widget: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget> + 'static;
+
+    fn add(self, ui: &mut Ui) -> WidgetHandle<Self::Widget>;
+
+    fn with_id<W2>(
+        self,
+        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Ui, WidgetHandle<Self::Widget>) -> WidgetHandle<W2>,
+    ) -> impl WidgetIdFn<W2>
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        move |ui| {
+            let id = self.add(ui);
+            f(ui, id)
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn set_root(self, ui: &mut Ui)
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        ui.set_root(self);
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct WidgetArr<const LEN: usize> {
+    pub arr: [WidgetHandle; LEN],
+}
+
+impl<const LEN: usize> WidgetArr<LEN> {
+    pub fn new(arr: [WidgetHandle; LEN]) -> Self {
+        Self { arr }
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait WidgetArrLike<const LEN: usize, Tag> {
+    fn ui(self, ui: &mut Ui) -> WidgetArr<LEN>;
+}
+
+impl<const LEN: usize> WidgetArrLike<LEN, ArrTag> for WidgetArr<LEN> {
+    fn ui(self, _: &mut Ui) -> WidgetArr<LEN> {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+// I hate this language it's so bad why do I even use it
+macro_rules! impl_widget_arr {
+    ($n:expr;$($W:ident)*) => {
+        impl_widget_arr!($n;$($W)*;$(${concat($W,Tag)})*);
+    };
+    ($n:expr;$($W:ident)*;$($Tag:ident)*) => {
+        impl<$($W: WidgetLike<$Tag>,$Tag,)*> WidgetArrLike<$n, ($($Tag,)*)> for ($($W,)*) {
+            fn ui(self, ui: &mut Ui) -> WidgetArr<$n> {
+                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
+                let ($($W,)*) = self;
+                WidgetArr::new(
+                    [$($W.add(ui),)*],
+                )
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+impl_widget_arr!(1;A);
+impl_widget_arr!(2;A B);
+impl_widget_arr!(3;A B C);
+impl_widget_arr!(4;A B C D);
+impl_widget_arr!(5;A B C D E);
+impl_widget_arr!(6;A B C D E F);
+impl_widget_arr!(7;A B C D E F G);
+impl_widget_arr!(8;A B C D E F G H);
+impl_widget_arr!(9;A B C D E F G H I);
+impl_widget_arr!(10;A B C D E F G H I J);
+impl_widget_arr!(11;A B C D E F G H I J K);
+impl_widget_arr!(12;A B C D E F G H I J K L);

core/src/layout/widget/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+mod data;
+mod handle;
+mod like;
+mod tag;
+mod widgets;
+
+pub use data::*;
+pub use handle::*;
+pub use like::*;
+pub use tag::*;
+pub use widgets::*;
+
+use crate::layout::{Len, Painter, SizeCtx, Ui};
+
+pub trait Widget: 'static + Send + Sync {
+    fn draw(&mut self, painter: &mut Painter);
+    fn desired_width(&mut self, ctx: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len;
+    fn desired_height(&mut self, ctx: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len;
+}
+
+impl Widget for () {
+    fn draw(&mut self, _: &mut Painter) {}
+    fn desired_width(&mut self, _: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len {
+        Len::ZERO
+    }
+    fn desired_height(&mut self, _: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len {
+        Len::ZERO
+    }
+}
+
+/// A function that returns a widget given a UI.
+/// Useful for defining trait functions on widgets that create a parent widget so that the children
+/// don't need to be IDs yet
+pub trait WidgetFn<W: Widget + ?Sized>: FnOnce(&mut Ui) -> W {}
+impl<W: Widget, F: FnOnce(&mut Ui) -> W> WidgetFn<W> for F {}
+
+impl<W: Widget, F: FnOnce(&mut Ui) -> W> WidgetLike<FnTag> for F {
+    type Widget = W;
+    fn add(self, ui: &mut Ui) -> WidgetHandle<W> {
+        self(ui).add(ui)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<W: Widget> WidgetLike<WidgetTag> for W {
+    type Widget = W;
+    fn add(self, _: &mut Ui) -> WidgetHandle<W> {
+        WIDGETS.insert(self)
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait WidgetOption {
+    fn get(self, ui: &mut Ui) -> Option<WidgetHandle>;
+}
+
+impl WidgetOption for () {
+    fn get(self, _: &mut Ui) -> Option<WidgetHandle> {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+impl<F: FnOnce(&mut Ui) -> Option<WidgetHandle>> WidgetOption for F {
+    fn get(self, ui: &mut Ui) -> Option<WidgetHandle> {
+        self(ui)
+    }
+}

core/src/layout/widget/tag.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+pub struct WidgetTag;
+pub struct FnTag;
+pub struct IdTag;
+pub struct IdFnTag;
+pub struct ArrTag;

core/src/layout/widget/widgets.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+use std::sync::{Mutex, MutexGuard};
+
+use crate::{
+    layout::{
+        Widget, WidgetData, WidgetHandle,
+        widget::{SlotTy, WidgetId},
+    },
+    util::{Handle, WeakHandle},
+};
+
+pub(crate) static WIDGETS: Widgets = Widgets::new();
+pub(crate) struct Widgets(Mutex<Inner>);
+
+pub fn total_widgets() -> usize {
+    WIDGETS.len()
+}
+
+pub struct WidgetSlot {
+    genr: SlotTy,
+    data: WeakHandle<WidgetData<dyn Widget + Sync + Send>>,
+}
+
+struct Inner {
+    cur_id: SlotTy,
+    vec: Vec<WidgetSlot>,
+    free: Vec<SlotTy>,
+}
+
+impl Widgets {
+    pub const fn new() -> Self {
+        Self(Mutex::new(Inner {
+            cur_id: 0,
+            vec: Vec::new(),
+            free: Vec::new(),
+        }))
+    }
+
+    fn expect(&self) -> MutexGuard<'_, Inner> {
+        self.0.lock().unwrap()
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_type<W: 'static>(&self, id: WidgetId) -> Option<Handle<WidgetData<W>>> {
+        let slot = &self.expect().vec[id.i as usize];
+        if slot.genr != id.genr {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(unsafe { slot.data.clone().downcast() }.clone().strong()?)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn get(&self, id: WidgetId) -> Option<Handle<WidgetData<dyn Widget>>> {
+        let slot = &self.expect().vec[id.i as usize];
+        if slot.genr != id.genr {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(slot.data.clone().strong()?)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn insert<W: Widget>(&self, widget: W) -> WidgetHandle<W> {
+        let mut s = self.expect();
+        let id = s
+            .free
+            .pop()
+            .map(|i| {
+                assert!(s.vec[i as usize].data.dropped());
+                WidgetId {
+                    i,
+                    genr: s.vec[i as usize].genr,
+                }
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                let i = s.cur_id;
+                s.cur_id += 1;
+                WidgetId { i, genr: 0 }
+            });
+        let handle = WidgetHandle::new(id, widget);
+        let slot = WidgetSlot {
+            genr: id.genr,
+            data: handle.weak_inner(),
+        };
+        if id.i == s.vec.len() as SlotTy {
+            s.vec.push(slot);
+        } else {
+            s.vec[id.i as usize] = slot;
+        }
+        handle
+    }
+
+    pub fn remove(&self, id: WidgetId) {
+        let mut s = self.expect();
+        s.vec[id.i as usize].genr += 1;
+        s.free.push(id.i);
+    }
+
+    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        let s = self.expect();
+        s.vec.len() - s.free.len()
+    }
+}

core/src/lib.rs

@@ -11,25 +11,11 @@
 #![feature(associated_type_defaults)]
 #![feature(unsize)]
 #![feature(coerce_unsized)]
+#![feature(mapped_lock_guards)]
+#![feature(ptr_metadata)]
 
-mod attr;
+pub mod layout;
-mod event;
+pub mod render;
-mod num;
-mod orientation;
-mod primitive;
-mod render;
-mod ui;
-mod widget;
-
 pub mod util;
 
-pub use attr::*;
+pub use image;
-pub use event::*;
-pub use num::*;
-pub use orientation::*;
-pub use primitive::*;
-pub use render::*;
-pub use ui::*;
-pub use widget::*;
-
-pub type UiColor = primitive::Color<u8>;

core/src/render/data.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::{UiRegion, util::Id};
+use crate::{layout::UiRegion, util::Id};
 use wgpu::*;
 
 #[repr(C)]

core/src/render/mod.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use std::num::NonZero;
 
 use crate::{
-    Ui,
+    layout::Ui,
     render::{data::PrimitiveInstance, texture::GpuTextures, util::ArrBuf},
     util::HashMap,
 };
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ impl UiRenderNode {
 
     pub fn update(&mut self, device: &Device, queue: &Queue, ui: &mut Ui) {
         self.active.clear();
-        for (i, primitives) in ui.layers.iter_mut() {
+        for (i, primitives) in ui.data.layers.iter_mut() {
             self.active.push(i);
             for change in primitives.apply_free() {
-                if let Some(inst) = ui.active.get_mut(&change.id) {
+                if let Some(inst) = ui.data.active.get_mut(&change.id) {
                     for h in &mut inst.primitives {
                         if h.layer == i && h.inst_idx == change.old {
                             h.inst_idx = change.new;
@@ -101,10 +101,10 @@ impl UiRenderNode {
             }
         }
         let mut changed = false;
-        changed |= self.textures.update(&mut ui.textures);
+        changed |= self.textures.update(&mut ui.data.textures);
-        if ui.masks.changed {
+        if ui.data.masks.changed {
-            ui.masks.changed = false;
+            ui.data.masks.changed = false;
-            self.masks.update(device, queue, &ui.masks[..]);
+            self.masks.update(device, queue, &ui.data.masks[..]);
             changed = true;
         }
         if changed {

core/src/render/primitive.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
-use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
-
 use crate::{
-    Color, UiRegion, WidgetId,
+    layout::{Color, UiRegion, WidgetId},
     render::{
         ArrBuf,
         data::{MaskIdx, PrimitiveInstance},
     },
 };
 use bytemuck::Pod;
+use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
 use wgpu::*;
 
 pub struct Primitives {

core/src/render/texture.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use image::{DynamicImage, EncodableLayout};
 use wgpu::{util::DeviceExt, *};
 
-use crate::{TextureUpdate, Textures};
+use crate::layout::{TextureUpdate, Textures};
 
 pub struct GpuTextures {
     device: Device,

core/src/ui/active.rs

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{LayerId, MaskIdx, PrimitiveHandle, TextureHandle, UiRegion, WidgetId};
-
-/// important non rendering data for retained drawing
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct ActiveData {
-    pub id: WidgetId,
-    pub region: UiRegion,
-    pub parent: Option<WidgetId>,
-    pub textures: Vec<TextureHandle>,
-    pub primitives: Vec<PrimitiveHandle>,
-    pub children: Vec<WidgetId>,
-    pub mask: MaskIdx,
-    pub layer: LayerId,
-}

core/src/ui/cache.rs

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{BothAxis, Len, UiVec2, WidgetId, util::HashMap};
-
-#[derive(Default)]
-pub struct Cache {
-    pub size: BothAxis<HashMap<WidgetId, (UiVec2, Len)>>,
-}
-
-impl Cache {
-    pub fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId) {
-        self.size.x.remove(&id);
-        self.size.y.remove(&id);
-    }
-
-    pub fn clear(&mut self) {
-        self.size.x.clear();
-        self.size.y.clear();
-    }
-}

core/src/ui/draw_state.rs

@@ -1,235 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{
-    ActiveData, Axis, EventsLike, Painter, SizeCtx, Ui, UiRegion, UiVec2, WidgetId,
-    render::MaskIdx,
-    util::{HashSet, forget_ref},
-};
-use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
-
-/// state maintained between widgets during painting
-pub struct DrawState<'a> {
-    pub(super) ui: &'a mut Ui,
-    pub(super) events: &'a mut dyn EventsLike,
-    draw_started: HashSet<WidgetId>,
-}
-
-impl<'a> DrawState<'a> {
-    pub fn new(ui: &'a mut Ui, events: &'a mut dyn EventsLike) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            ui,
-            events,
-            draw_started: Default::default(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn redraw_updates(&mut self) {
-        while let Some(&id) = self.widgets.needs_redraw.iter().next() {
-            self.redraw(id);
-        }
-        self.ui.free(self.events);
-    }
-
-    /// redraws a widget that's currently active (drawn)
-    pub fn redraw(&mut self, id: WidgetId) {
-        self.widgets.needs_redraw.remove(&id);
-        self.draw_started.remove(&id);
-        // check if parent depends on the desired size of this, if so then redraw it first
-        for axis in [Axis::X, Axis::Y] {
-            if let Some(&(outer, old)) = self.cache.size.axis_dyn(axis).get(&id)
-                && let Some(current) = self.active.get(&id)
-                && let Some(pid) = current.parent
-            {
-                self.cache.size.axis_dyn(axis).remove(&id);
-                let new = self.size_ctx(id, outer).len_axis(id, axis);
-                self.cache.size.axis_dyn(axis).insert(id, (outer, new));
-                if new != old {
-                    self.redraw(pid);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        if self.draw_started.contains(&id) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        let Some(active) = self.remove(id, false) else {
-            return;
-        };
-
-        self.draw_inner(
-            active.layer,
-            id,
-            active.region,
-            active.parent,
-            active.mask,
-            Some(active.children),
-        );
-    }
-
-    pub(super) fn size_ctx<'b>(&'b mut self, source: WidgetId, outer: UiVec2) -> SizeCtx<'b> {
-        SizeCtx {
-            source,
-            cache: &mut self.ui.cache,
-            text: &mut self.ui.text,
-            textures: &mut self.ui.textures,
-            widgets: &self.ui.widgets,
-            outer,
-            output_size: self.ui.output_size,
-            id: source,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn redraw_all(&mut self) {
-        // free all resources & cache
-        for (id, active) in self.ui.active.drain() {
-            let data = self.ui.widgets.data(id).unwrap();
-            self.events.undraw(data, &active);
-        }
-        self.ui.cache.clear();
-        self.ui.free(self.events);
-        self.layers.clear();
-        self.widgets.needs_redraw.clear();
-
-        if let Some(id) = &self.ui.root {
-            self.draw_inner(0, id.id(), UiRegion::FULL, None, MaskIdx::NONE, None);
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(super) fn draw_inner(
-        &mut self,
-        layer: usize,
-        id: WidgetId,
-        region: UiRegion,
-        parent: Option<WidgetId>,
-        mask: MaskIdx,
-        old_children: Option<Vec<WidgetId>>,
-    ) {
-        let mut old_children = old_children.unwrap_or_default();
-        if let Some(active) = self.ui.active.get_mut(&id)
-            && !self.ui.widgets.needs_redraw.contains(&id)
-        {
-            // check to see if we can skip drawing first
-            if active.region == region {
-                return;
-            } else if active.region.size() == region.size() {
-                // TODO: epsilon?
-                let from = active.region;
-                self.mov(id, from, region);
-                return;
-            }
-            // if not, then maintain resize and track old children to remove unneeded
-            let active = self.remove(id, false).unwrap();
-            old_children = active.children;
-        }
-
-        // draw widget
-        self.draw_started.insert(id);
-
-        let mut painter = Painter {
-            state: self,
-            region,
-            mask,
-            layer,
-            id,
-            textures: Vec::new(),
-            primitives: Vec::new(),
-            children: Vec::new(),
-        };
-
-        let mut widget = painter.state.widgets.get_dyn_dynamic(id);
-        widget.draw(&mut painter);
-        drop(widget);
-
-        let Painter {
-            state: _,
-            region,
-            mask,
-            textures,
-            primitives,
-            children,
-            layer,
-            id,
-        } = painter;
-
-        // add to active
-        let active = ActiveData {
-            id,
-            region,
-            parent,
-            textures,
-            primitives,
-            children,
-            mask,
-            layer,
-        };
-
-        // remove old children that weren't kept
-        for c in &old_children {
-            if !active.children.contains(c) {
-                self.remove_rec(*c);
-            }
-        }
-
-        // update modules
-        let data = self.ui.widgets.data(id).unwrap();
-        self.events.draw(data, &active);
-        self.active.insert(id, active);
-    }
-
-    fn mov(&mut self, id: WidgetId, from: UiRegion, to: UiRegion) {
-        let active = self.ui.active.get_mut(&id).unwrap();
-        for h in &active.primitives {
-            let region = self.ui.layers[h.layer].region_mut(h);
-            *region = region.outside(&from).within(&to);
-        }
-        active.region = active.region.outside(&from).within(&to);
-        // SAFETY: children cannot be recursive
-        let children = unsafe { forget_ref(&active.children) };
-        for child in children {
-            self.mov(*child, from, to);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// NOTE: instance textures are cleared and self.textures freed
-    fn remove(&mut self, id: WidgetId, undraw: bool) -> Option<ActiveData> {
-        let mut active = self.active.remove(&id);
-        if let Some(active) = &mut active {
-            for h in &active.primitives {
-                let mask = self.layers.free(h);
-                if mask != MaskIdx::NONE {
-                    self.masks.remove(mask);
-                }
-            }
-            active.textures.clear();
-            self.textures.free();
-            if undraw {
-                let data = self.ui.widgets.data(id).unwrap();
-                self.events.undraw(data, active);
-            }
-        }
-        active
-    }
-
-    fn remove_rec(&mut self, id: WidgetId) -> Option<ActiveData> {
-        self.cache.remove(id);
-        let inst = self.remove(id, true);
-        if let Some(inst) = &inst {
-            for c in &inst.children {
-                self.remove_rec(*c);
-            }
-        }
-        inst
-    }
-}
-
-impl Deref for DrawState<'_> {
-    type Target = Ui;
-
-    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
-        self.ui
-    }
-}
-impl DerefMut for DrawState<'_> {
-    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
-        self.ui
-    }
-}

core/src/ui/mod.rs

@@ -1,217 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{
-    EventsLike, IdLike, Mask, PixelRegion, PrimitiveLayers, TextData, TextureHandle, Textures,
-    Widget, WidgetHandle, WidgetId, Widgets,
-    ui::draw_state::DrawState,
-    util::{HashMap, TrackedArena, Vec2},
-};
-use image::DynamicImage;
-use std::{
-    ops::{Index, IndexMut},
-    sync::mpsc::{Receiver, channel},
-};
-
-mod active;
-mod cache;
-mod draw_state;
-mod painter;
-mod size;
-mod state;
-
-pub use active::*;
-use cache::*;
-pub use painter::Painter;
-pub use size::*;
-
-pub struct Ui {
-    // TODO: edit visibilities
-    pub widgets: Widgets,
-
-    // retained painter state
-    pub active: HashMap<WidgetId, ActiveData>,
-    pub layers: PrimitiveLayers,
-    pub textures: Textures,
-    pub text: TextData,
-    output_size: Vec2,
-    pub masks: TrackedArena<Mask, u32>,
-    pub cache: Cache,
-
-    pub root: Option<WidgetHandle>,
-    old_root: Option<WidgetId>,
-    recv: Receiver<WidgetId>,
-    resized: bool,
-}
-
-pub trait HasUi: Sized {
-    fn get(&self) -> &Ui;
-    fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Ui;
-    fn ui(&self) -> &Ui {
-        self.get()
-    }
-    fn ui_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Ui {
-        self.get_mut()
-    }
-}
-
-impl HasUi for Ui {
-    fn get(&self) -> &Ui {
-        self
-    }
-
-    fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Ui {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-impl Ui {
-    /// useful for debugging
-    pub fn set_label(&mut self, id: impl IdLike, label: String) {
-        self.widgets.data_mut(id.id()).unwrap().label = label;
-    }
-
-    pub fn label(&self, id: impl IdLike) -> &String {
-        &self.widgets.data(id.id()).unwrap().label
-    }
-
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self::default()
-    }
-
-    pub fn get<I: IdLike>(&self, id: &I) -> Option<&I::Widget>
-    where
-        I::Widget: Sized + Widget,
-    {
-        self.widgets.get(id)
-    }
-
-    pub fn get_mut<I: IdLike>(&mut self, id: &I) -> Option<&mut I::Widget>
-    where
-        I::Widget: Sized + Widget,
-    {
-        self.widgets.get_mut(id)
-    }
-
-    pub fn add_texture(&mut self, image: DynamicImage) -> TextureHandle {
-        self.textures.add(image)
-    }
-
-    pub fn resize(&mut self, size: impl Into<Vec2>) {
-        self.output_size = size.into();
-        self.resized = true;
-    }
-
-    pub fn update(&mut self, events: &mut dyn EventsLike) {
-        if !self.widgets.waiting.is_empty() {
-            let len = self.widgets.waiting.len();
-            let all: Vec<_> = self
-                .widgets
-                .waiting
-                .iter()
-                .map(|&w| format!("'{}' ({w:?})", self.label(w)))
-                .collect();
-            panic!(
-                "{len} widget(s) were never upgraded\n\
-                this is likely a memory leak; consider upgrading to strong if you plan on using it later\n\
-                weak widgets: {all:#?}"
-            );
-        }
-        if self.root_changed() {
-            DrawState::new(self, events).redraw_all();
-            self.old_root = self.root.as_ref().map(|r| r.id());
-        } else if self.widgets.has_updates() {
-            DrawState::new(self, events).redraw_updates();
-        }
-        if self.resized {
-            self.resized = false;
-            DrawState::new(self, events).redraw_all();
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// free any resources that don't have references anymore
-    fn free(&mut self, events: &mut dyn EventsLike) {
-        for id in self.recv.try_iter() {
-            events.remove(id);
-            self.widgets.delete(id);
-        }
-        self.textures.free();
-    }
-
-    pub fn root_changed(&self) -> bool {
-        self.root.as_ref().map(|r| r.id()) != self.old_root
-    }
-
-    pub fn needs_redraw(&self) -> bool {
-        self.root_changed() || self.widgets.has_updates()
-    }
-
-    pub fn num_widgets(&self) -> usize {
-        self.widgets.len()
-    }
-
-    pub fn active_widgets(&self) -> usize {
-        self.active.len()
-    }
-
-    pub fn debug_layers(&self) {
-        for ((idx, depth), primitives) in self.layers.iter_depth() {
-            let indent = " ".repeat(depth * 2);
-            let len = primitives.instances().len();
-            print!("{indent}{idx}: {len} primitives");
-            if len >= 1 {
-                print!(" ({})", primitives.instances()[0].binding);
-            }
-            println!();
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn window_region(&self, id: &impl IdLike) -> Option<PixelRegion> {
-        let region = self.active.get(&id.id())?.region;
-        Some(region.to_px(self.output_size))
-    }
-
-    pub fn debug(&self, label: &str) -> impl Iterator<Item = &ActiveData> {
-        self.active.iter().filter_map(move |(&id, inst)| {
-            let l = self.widgets.label(id);
-            if l == label { Some(inst) } else { None }
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-impl<I: IdLike> Index<I> for Ui
-where
-    I::Widget: Sized + Widget,
-{
-    type Output = I::Widget;
-
-    fn index(&self, id: I) -> &Self::Output {
-        self.get(&id).unwrap()
-    }
-}
-
-impl<I: IdLike> IndexMut<I> for Ui
-where
-    I::Widget: Sized + Widget,
-{
-    fn index_mut(&mut self, id: I) -> &mut Self::Output {
-        self.get_mut(&id).unwrap()
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for Ui {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        let (send, recv) = channel();
-        Self {
-            widgets: Widgets::new(send),
-            active: Default::default(),
-            layers: Default::default(),
-            masks: Default::default(),
-            text: Default::default(),
-            textures: Default::default(),
-            cache: Default::default(),
-            output_size: Vec2::ZERO,
-            root: None,
-            old_root: None,
-            recv,
-            resized: false,
-        }
-    }
-}

core/src/ui/painter.rs

@@ -1,140 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{
-    Axis, Len, RenderedText, Size, SizeCtx, TextAttrs, TextBuffer, TextData, TextureHandle,
-    UiRegion, Widget, WidgetHandle, WidgetId,
-    render::{Mask, MaskIdx, Primitive, PrimitiveHandle, PrimitiveInst},
-    ui::draw_state::DrawState,
-    util::Vec2,
-};
-
-/// makes your surfaces look pretty
-pub struct Painter<'a, 'b> {
-    pub(super) state: &'a mut DrawState<'b>,
-
-    pub(super) region: UiRegion,
-    pub(super) mask: MaskIdx,
-    pub(super) textures: Vec<TextureHandle>,
-    pub(super) primitives: Vec<PrimitiveHandle>,
-    pub(super) children: Vec<WidgetId>,
-    pub layer: usize,
-    pub(super) id: WidgetId,
-}
-
-impl<'a, 'c> Painter<'a, 'c> {
-    fn primitive_at<P: Primitive>(&mut self, primitive: P, region: UiRegion) {
-        let h = self.state.layers.write(
-            self.layer,
-            PrimitiveInst {
-                id: self.id,
-                primitive,
-                region,
-                mask_idx: self.mask,
-            },
-        );
-        if self.mask != MaskIdx::NONE {
-            // TODO: I have no clue if this works at all :joy:
-            self.state.masks.push_ref(self.mask);
-        }
-        self.primitives.push(h);
-    }
-
-    /// Writes a primitive to be rendered
-    pub fn primitive<P: Primitive>(&mut self, primitive: P) {
-        self.primitive_at(primitive, self.region)
-    }
-
-    pub fn primitive_within<P: Primitive>(&mut self, primitive: P, region: UiRegion) {
-        self.primitive_at(primitive, region.within(&self.region));
-    }
-
-    pub fn set_mask(&mut self, region: UiRegion) {
-        assert!(self.mask == MaskIdx::NONE);
-        self.mask = self.state.masks.push(Mask { region });
-    }
-
-    /// Draws a widget within this widget's region.
-    pub fn widget<W: ?Sized>(&mut self, id: &WidgetHandle<W>) {
-        self.widget_at(id, self.region);
-    }
-
-    /// Draws a widget somewhere within this one.
-    /// Useful for drawing child widgets in select areas.
-    pub fn widget_within<W: ?Sized>(&mut self, id: &WidgetHandle<W>, region: UiRegion) {
-        self.widget_at(id, region.within(&self.region));
-    }
-
-    fn widget_at<W: ?Sized>(&mut self, id: &WidgetHandle<W>, region: UiRegion) {
-        self.children.push(id.id());
-        self.state
-            .draw_inner(self.layer, id.id(), region, Some(self.id), self.mask, None);
-    }
-
-    pub fn texture_within(&mut self, handle: &TextureHandle, region: UiRegion) {
-        self.textures.push(handle.clone());
-        self.primitive_at(handle.primitive(), region.within(&self.region));
-    }
-
-    pub fn texture(&mut self, handle: &TextureHandle) {
-        self.textures.push(handle.clone());
-        self.primitive(handle.primitive());
-    }
-
-    pub fn texture_at(&mut self, handle: &TextureHandle, region: UiRegion) {
-        self.textures.push(handle.clone());
-        self.primitive_at(handle.primitive(), region);
-    }
-
-    /// returns (handle, offset from top left)
-    pub fn render_text(&mut self, buffer: &mut TextBuffer, attrs: &TextAttrs) -> RenderedText {
-        self.state
-            .ui
-            .text
-            .draw(buffer, attrs, &mut self.state.ui.textures)
-    }
-
-    pub fn region(&self) -> UiRegion {
-        self.region
-    }
-
-    pub fn size<W: ?Sized + Widget>(&mut self, id: &WidgetHandle<W>) -> Size {
-        self.size_ctx().size(id)
-    }
-
-    pub fn len_axis<W: ?Sized + Widget>(&mut self, id: &WidgetHandle<W>, axis: Axis) -> Len {
-        match axis {
-            Axis::X => self.size_ctx().width(id),
-            Axis::Y => self.size_ctx().height(id),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn output_size(&self) -> Vec2 {
-        self.state.output_size
-    }
-
-    pub fn px_size(&mut self) -> Vec2 {
-        self.region.size().to_abs(self.state.output_size)
-    }
-
-    pub fn text_data(&mut self) -> &mut TextData {
-        &mut self.state.text
-    }
-
-    pub fn child_layer(&mut self) {
-        self.layer = self.state.layers.child(self.layer);
-    }
-
-    pub fn next_layer(&mut self) {
-        self.layer = self.state.layers.next(self.layer);
-    }
-
-    pub fn label(&self) -> &str {
-        &self.state.widgets.data(self.id).unwrap().label
-    }
-
-    pub fn id(&self) -> &WidgetId {
-        &self.id
-    }
-
-    pub fn size_ctx(&mut self) -> SizeCtx<'_> {
-        self.state.size_ctx(self.id, self.region.size())
-    }
-}

core/src/ui/size.rs

@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{
-    Axis, AxisT, IdLike, Len, RenderedText, Size, TextAttrs, TextBuffer, TextData, Textures,
-    UiVec2, WidgetAxisFns, WidgetId, Widgets, XAxis, YAxis, ui::cache::Cache, util::Vec2,
-};
-
-pub struct SizeCtx<'a> {
-    pub text: &'a mut TextData,
-    pub textures: &'a mut Textures,
-    pub(super) source: WidgetId,
-    pub(super) widgets: &'a Widgets,
-    pub(super) cache: &'a mut Cache,
-    /// TODO: should this be pub? rn used for sized
-    pub outer: UiVec2,
-    pub(super) output_size: Vec2,
-    pub(super) id: WidgetId,
-}
-
-impl SizeCtx<'_> {
-    pub fn id(&self) -> &WidgetId {
-        &self.id
-    }
-
-    pub fn source(&self) -> &WidgetId {
-        &self.source
-    }
-
-    pub(super) fn len_inner<A: const AxisT>(&mut self, id: WidgetId) -> Len {
-        if let Some((_, len)) = self.cache.size.axis::<A>().get(&id) {
-            return *len;
-        }
-        let len = self
-            .widgets
-            .get_dyn_dynamic(id)
-            .desired_len::<A>(&mut SizeCtx {
-                text: self.text,
-                textures: self.textures,
-                source: self.source,
-                widgets: self.widgets,
-                cache: self.cache,
-                outer: self.outer,
-                output_size: self.output_size,
-                id,
-            });
-        self.cache.size.axis::<A>().insert(id, (self.outer, len));
-        len
-    }
-
-    pub fn width(&mut self, id: impl IdLike) -> Len {
-        self.len_inner::<XAxis>(id.id())
-    }
-
-    pub fn height(&mut self, id: impl IdLike) -> Len {
-        self.len_inner::<YAxis>(id.id())
-    }
-
-    pub fn len_axis(&mut self, id: impl IdLike, axis: Axis) -> Len {
-        match axis {
-            Axis::X => self.width(id),
-            Axis::Y => self.height(id),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn size(&mut self, id: impl IdLike) -> Size {
-        let id = id.id();
-        Size {
-            x: self.width(id),
-            y: self.height(id),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn px_size(&mut self) -> Vec2 {
-        self.outer.to_abs(self.output_size)
-    }
-
-    pub fn output_size(&mut self) -> Vec2 {
-        self.output_size
-    }
-
-    pub fn draw_text(&mut self, buffer: &mut TextBuffer, attrs: &TextAttrs) -> RenderedText {
-        self.text.draw(buffer, attrs, self.textures)
-    }
-
-    pub fn label(&self, id: WidgetId) -> &String {
-        self.widgets.label(id)
-    }
-}

core/src/ui/state.rs

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-// pub struct DynState {
-//
-// }

core/src/util/arena.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ pub struct Arena<T, I> {
     tracker: IdTracker<I>,
 }
 
-impl<T, I: IdNum> Arena<T, I> {
+impl<T, I: const IdNum> Arena<T, I> {
     pub fn new() -> Self {
         Self {
             data: Vec::new(),
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ impl<T, I: IdNum> Arena<T, I> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<T, I: IdNum> Default for Arena<T, I> {
+impl<T, I: const IdNum> Default for Arena<T, I> {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self::new()
     }
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ pub struct TrackedArena<T, I> {
     pub changed: bool,
 }
 
-impl<T, I: IdNum> TrackedArena<T, I> {
+impl<T, I: const IdNum> TrackedArena<T, I> {
     pub fn new() -> Self {
         Self {
             inner: Arena::default(),
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ impl<T, I: IdNum> TrackedArena<T, I> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<T, I: IdNum> Default for TrackedArena<T, I> {
+impl<T, I: const IdNum> Default for TrackedArena<T, I> {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self::new()
     }

core/src/util/borrow.rs

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
-
-pub struct DynBorrower<'a, T: ?Sized> {
-    data: &'a mut T,
-    borrowed: &'a mut bool,
-}
-
-impl<'a, T: ?Sized> DynBorrower<'a, T> {
-    pub fn new(data: &'a mut T, borrowed: &'a mut bool) -> Self {
-        if *borrowed {
-            panic!("tried to mutably borrow the same thing twice");
-        }
-        Self { data, borrowed }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T: ?Sized> Drop for DynBorrower<'_, T> {
-    fn drop(&mut self) {
-        *self.borrowed = false;
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T: ?Sized> Deref for DynBorrower<'_, T> {
-    type Target = T;
-
-    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
-        self.data
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T: ?Sized> DerefMut for DynBorrower<'_, T> {
-    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
-        self.data
-    }
-}

core/src/util/handle.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+//! A helper type for Arc<Mutex<T>>
+//! Currently there are mut versions (of Ref stuff) which don't do anything different under the hood,
+//! leaving them in for now in case I decide RwLock is a desired feature
+
+use std::{
+    marker::Unsize,
+    ops::{CoerceUnsized, Deref, DerefMut},
+    sync::{Arc, MappedMutexGuard, Mutex, MutexGuard, Weak},
+};
+
+pub struct Handle<T: ?Sized>(Arc<Mutex<T>>);
+pub struct WeakHandle<T: ?Sized>(Weak<Mutex<T>>);
+
+pub type Ref<'a, T> = MutexGuard<'a, T>;
+pub type RefMut<'a, T> = MutexGuard<'a, T>;
+
+pub type RefMap<'a, T> = MappedMutexGuard<'a, T>;
+pub type RefMapMut<'a, T> = MappedMutexGuard<'a, T>;
+
+impl<T: ?Sized> Handle<T> {
+    pub fn get(&self) -> Ref<'_, T> {
+        self.0.lock().unwrap()
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_mut(&self) -> RefMut<'_, T> {
+        self.0.lock().unwrap()
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_take<'a>(self) -> RefGuard<'a, T> {
+        let handle = self;
+        RefGuard {
+            guard: unsafe {
+                std::mem::transmute::<MutexGuard<'_, T>, MutexGuard<'_, T>>(
+                    handle.0.lock().unwrap(),
+                )
+            },
+            handle,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_take_mut<'a>(self) -> RefGuardMut<'a, T> {
+        let handle = self;
+        RefGuardMut {
+            guard: unsafe {
+                std::mem::transmute::<MutexGuard<'_, T>, MutexGuard<'_, T>>(
+                    handle.0.lock().unwrap(),
+                )
+            },
+            handle,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn refs(&self) -> usize {
+        Arc::strong_count(&self.0)
+    }
+
+    pub fn weak(&self) -> WeakHandle<T> {
+        WeakHandle(Arc::downgrade(&self.0))
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    /// you must guarantee the type outside
+    /// ideally you check the typeid, but this is often used
+    /// when the trait object is wrapped one or more times
+    /// and you'd have to implement each one individually
+    pub unsafe fn downcast<U: 'static>(self) -> Handle<U>
+    where
+        T: 'static,
+    {
+        let raw: *const Mutex<T> = Arc::into_raw(self.0);
+        let raw: *const Mutex<U> = raw.cast();
+        Handle(unsafe { Arc::from_raw(raw) })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized> WeakHandle<T> {
+    pub fn strong(&self) -> Option<Handle<T>> {
+        Some(Handle(self.0.upgrade()?))
+    }
+
+    pub fn dropped(&self) -> bool {
+        self.0.strong_count() == 0
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    /// you must guarantee the type outside
+    pub unsafe fn downcast<U: 'static>(self) -> WeakHandle<U>
+    where
+        T: 'static,
+    {
+        let raw: *const Mutex<T> = self.0.into_raw();
+        let raw: *const Mutex<U> = raw.cast();
+        WeakHandle(unsafe { Weak::from_raw(raw) })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized> Clone for Handle<T> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        Self(self.0.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized> Clone for WeakHandle<T> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        Self(self.0.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: Default> Default for Handle<T> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self(Default::default())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> From<T> for Handle<T> {
+    fn from(value: T) -> Self {
+        Self(Arc::new(Mutex::new(value)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized + Unsize<U>, U: ?Sized> CoerceUnsized<Handle<U>> for Handle<T> {}
+impl<T: ?Sized + Unsize<U>, U: ?Sized> CoerceUnsized<WeakHandle<U>> for WeakHandle<T> {}
+
+// yucky
+
+// TODO: is drop order important here?
+// something stupid could happen that I don't know about
+// if handle is dropped before guard
+pub struct RefGuard<'a, T: ?Sized> {
+    guard: MutexGuard<'a, T>,
+    handle: Handle<T>,
+}
+
+pub struct RefGuardMut<'a, T: ?Sized> {
+    guard: MutexGuard<'a, T>,
+    handle: Handle<T>,
+}
+
+pub struct MappedRefGuard<'a, T: ?Sized, U> {
+    guard: MappedMutexGuard<'a, U>,
+    handle: Handle<T>,
+}
+
+pub struct MappedRefGuardMut<'a, T: ?Sized, U> {
+    guard: MappedMutexGuard<'a, U>,
+    handle: Handle<T>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, T: ?Sized> RefGuard<'a, T> {
+    pub fn map<U>(s: Self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut T) -> &mut U) -> MappedRefGuard<'a, T, U> {
+        MappedRefGuard {
+            guard: MutexGuard::map(s.guard, f),
+            handle: s.handle,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, T: ?Sized> RefGuardMut<'a, T> {
+    pub fn map<U>(s: Self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut T) -> &mut U) -> MappedRefGuardMut<'a, T, U> {
+        MappedRefGuardMut {
+            guard: MutexGuard::map(s.guard, f),
+            handle: s.handle,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, T: ?Sized, U> MappedRefGuard<'a, T, U> {
+    pub fn map<U2>(s: Self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut U) -> &mut U2) -> MappedRefGuard<'a, T, U2> {
+        MappedRefGuard {
+            guard: MappedMutexGuard::map(s.guard, f),
+            handle: s.handle,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, T: ?Sized, U> MappedRefGuardMut<'a, T, U> {
+    pub fn map<U2>(s: Self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut U) -> &mut U2) -> MappedRefGuardMut<'a, T, U2> {
+        MappedRefGuardMut {
+            guard: MappedMutexGuard::map(s.guard, f),
+            handle: s.handle,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized> Deref for RefGuard<'_, T> {
+    type Target = T;
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
+        &self.guard
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized> Deref for RefGuardMut<'_, T> {
+    type Target = T;
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
+        &self.guard
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized> DerefMut for RefGuardMut<'_, T> {
+    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
+        &mut self.guard
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized, U> Deref for MappedRefGuard<'_, T, U> {
+    type Target = U;
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
+        &self.guard
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized, U> Deref for MappedRefGuardMut<'_, T, U> {
+    type Target = U;
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
+        &self.guard
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized, U> DerefMut for MappedRefGuardMut<'_, T, U> {
+    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
+        &mut self.guard
+    }
+}

core/src/util/id.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+use std::sync::Mutex;
+
 #[repr(C)]
 #[derive(Eq, Hash, PartialEq, Debug, Clone, Copy, bytemuck::Zeroable)]
 pub struct Id<I = u64>(I);
@@ -9,7 +11,14 @@ pub struct IdTracker<I = u64> {
     cur: Id<I>,
 }
 
-impl<I: IdNum> IdTracker<I> {
+impl<I: const IdNum> IdTracker<I> {
+    pub const fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            free: Vec::new(),
+            cur: Id(I::first()),
+        }
+    }
+
     #[allow(clippy::should_implement_trait)]
     pub fn next(&mut self) -> Id<I> {
         if let Some(id) = self.free.pop() {
@@ -43,22 +52,19 @@ impl<I: IdNum> Id<I> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<I: IdNum> Default for IdTracker<I> {
+impl<I: const IdNum> Default for IdTracker<I> {
     fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
+        Self::new()
-            free: Vec::new(),
-            cur: Id(I::first()),
-        }
     }
 }
 
-pub trait IdNum {
+pub const trait IdNum {
     fn first() -> Self;
     fn next(&self) -> Self;
     fn idx(&self) -> usize;
 }
 
-impl IdNum for u64 {
+impl const IdNum for u64 {
     fn first() -> Self {
         0
     }
@@ -72,7 +78,7 @@ impl IdNum for u64 {
     }
 }
 
-impl IdNum for u32 {
+impl const IdNum for u32 {
     fn first() -> Self {
         0
     }
@@ -85,3 +91,33 @@ impl IdNum for u32 {
         *self as usize
     }
 }
+
+pub struct StaticIdTracker<I = u64>(Mutex<IdTracker<I>>);
+
+impl<I: const IdNum> StaticIdTracker<I> {
+    pub const fn new() -> Self {
+        Self(Mutex::new(IdTracker::new()))
+    }
+
+    #[allow(clippy::should_implement_trait)]
+    pub fn next(&self) -> Id<I> {
+        let mut s = self.0.lock().unwrap();
+        if let Some(id) = s.free.pop() {
+            return id;
+        }
+        let next = s.cur.next();
+        std::mem::replace(&mut s.cur, next)
+    }
+
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    pub fn free(&self, id: Id<I>) {
+        let mut s = self.0.lock().unwrap();
+        s.free.push(id);
+    }
+}
+
+impl<I: const IdNum> Default for StaticIdTracker<I> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}

core/src/util/mod.rs

@@ -1,23 +1,17 @@
 mod arena;
-mod borrow;
 mod change;
+mod handle;
 mod id;
 mod math;
 mod refcount;
-mod slot;
-mod trust;
-mod typemap;
 mod vec2;
 
 pub use arena::*;
-pub use borrow::*;
 pub use change::*;
+pub use handle::*;
 pub use id::*;
 pub use math::*;
 pub use refcount::*;
-pub use slot::*;
-pub use trust::*;
-pub use typemap::*;
 pub use vec2::*;
 
 pub type HashMap<K, V> = fxhash::FxHashMap<K, V>;

core/src/util/refcount.rs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ impl RefCounter {
     pub fn new() -> Self {
         Self(Arc::new(0.into()))
     }
+    #[allow(unused)]
     pub fn refs(&self) -> u32 {
         self.0.load(Ordering::Acquire)
     }
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ impl RefCounter {
         let refs = self.0.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::Release);
         refs == 0
     }
+    #[allow(unused)]
     pub fn quiet_clone(&self) -> Self {
         Self(self.0.clone())
     }

core/src/util/slot.rs

@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-pub struct SlotId {
-    idx: u32,
-    genr: u32,
-}
-
-pub struct SlotVec<T> {
-    data: Vec<(u32, Option<T>)>,
-    free: Vec<u32>,
-}
-
-impl<T> SlotVec<T> {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            data: Default::default(),
-            free: Default::default(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn add(&mut self, x: T) -> SlotId {
-        if let Some(idx) = self.free.pop() {
-            let (genr, data) = &mut self.data[idx as usize];
-            *data = Some(x);
-            SlotId { idx, genr: *genr }
-        } else {
-            let idx = self.data.len() as u32;
-            let genr = 0;
-            self.data.push((genr, Some(x)));
-            SlotId { idx, genr }
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn free(&mut self, id: SlotId) {
-        let (genr, data) = &mut self.data[id.idx as usize];
-        *genr += 1;
-        *data = None;
-        self.free.push(id.idx);
-    }
-
-    pub fn get(&self, id: SlotId) -> Option<&T> {
-        let slot = &self.data[id.idx as usize];
-        if slot.0 != id.genr {
-            return None;
-        }
-        slot.1.as_ref()
-    }
-
-    pub fn get_mut(&mut self, id: SlotId) -> Option<&mut T> {
-        let slot = &mut self.data[id.idx as usize];
-        if slot.0 != id.genr {
-            return None;
-        }
-        slot.1.as_mut()
-    }
-
-    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
-        self.data.len() - self.free.len()
-    }
-
-    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
-        self.len() == 0
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T> Default for SlotVec<T> {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self::new()
-    }
-}

core/src/util/trust.rs

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#[allow(clippy::missing_safety_doc)]
-pub unsafe fn forget_ref<'a, T>(x: &T) -> &'a T {
-    unsafe { std::mem::transmute::<&T, &T>(x) }
-}
-
-#[allow(clippy::missing_safety_doc)]
-pub unsafe fn forget_mut<'a, T>(x: &mut T) -> &'a mut T {
-    unsafe { std::mem::transmute::<&mut T, &mut T>(x) }
-}
-
-#[allow(clippy::mut_from_ref, clippy::missing_safety_doc)]
-pub unsafe fn to_mut<T>(x: &T) -> &mut T {
-    #[allow(mutable_transmutes)]
-    unsafe {
-        std::mem::transmute::<&T, &mut T>(x)
-    }
-}

core/src/util/typemap.rs

@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-use crate::util::HashMap;
-use std::{
-    any::TypeId,
-    marker::Unsize,
-    ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
-};
-
-pub struct TypeMap<Trait: ?Sized> {
-    map: HashMap<TypeId, Box<Trait>>,
-}
-
-impl<Trait: ?Sized> TypeMap<Trait> {
-    pub fn set_type<T: Unsize<Trait> + 'static>(&mut self, val: T) {
-        self.map
-            .insert(TypeId::of::<T>(), Box::new(val) as Box<Trait>);
-    }
-
-    pub fn type_mut<T: Unsize<Trait> + 'static>(&mut self) -> Option<&mut T> {
-        Some(Self::convert_mut(self.map.get_mut(&TypeId::of::<T>())?))
-    }
-
-    pub fn type_or_default<T: Default + Unsize<Trait> + 'static>(&mut self) -> &mut T {
-        Self::convert_mut(
-            self.map
-                .entry(TypeId::of::<T>())
-                .or_insert(Box::new(T::default()) as Box<Trait>),
-        )
-    }
-
-    fn convert_mut<T: Unsize<Trait>>(entry: &mut Box<Trait>) -> &mut T {
-        // allegedly this is just what Any does...
-        unsafe { &mut *(entry.as_mut() as *mut Trait as *mut T) }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T: ?Sized> Deref for TypeMap<T> {
-    type Target = HashMap<TypeId, Box<T>>;
-
-    fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
-        &self.map
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T: ?Sized> DerefMut for TypeMap<T> {
-    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
-        &mut self.map
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T: ?Sized> Default for TypeMap<T> {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            map: Default::default(),
-        }
-    }
-}

core/src/widget/data.rs

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-use std::any::TypeId;
-
-use crate::{Widget, util::HashSet};
-
-pub struct WidgetData {
-    pub widget: Box<dyn Widget>,
-    pub label: String,
-    pub event_mgrs: HashSet<TypeId>,
-    /// dynamic borrow checking
-    pub borrowed: bool,
-}
-
-impl WidgetData {
-    pub fn new<W: Widget>(widget: W) -> Self {
-        let mut label = std::any::type_name::<W>().to_string();
-        if let (Some(first), Some(last)) = (label.find(":"), label.rfind(":")) {
-            label = label.split_at(first).0.to_string() + "::" + label.split_at(last + 1).1;
-        }
-        Self {
-            widget: Box::new(widget),
-            label,
-            borrowed: false,
-            event_mgrs: Default::default(),
-        }
-    }
-}

core/src/widget/handle.rs

@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-use std::{marker::Unsize, ops::CoerceUnsized, sync::mpsc::Sender};
-
-use crate::{
-    HasUi, Widget,
-    util::{RefCounter, SlotId},
-};
-
-pub type WidgetId = SlotId;
-
-/// An identifier for a widget that can index a UI or event ctx to get it.
-/// This is a strong handle that does not impl Clone, and when it is dropped,
-/// a signal is sent to the owning UI to clean up the resources.
-///
-/// TODO: ergonomic clones when they get put in rust-analyzer & don't cause ICEs?
-pub struct WidgetHandle<W: ?Sized = dyn Widget> {
-    pub(super) id: WidgetId,
-    counter: RefCounter,
-    send: Sender<WidgetId>,
-    ty: *const W,
-}
-
-/// A weak handle to a widget.
-/// Will not keep it alive, but can still be used for indexing like WidgetHandle.
-pub struct WidgetRef<W: ?Sized = dyn Widget> {
-    pub(super) id: WidgetId,
-    #[allow(unused)]
-    ty: *const W,
-}
-
-pub struct WidgetHandles<W: ?Sized = dyn Widget> {
-    pub h: WidgetHandle<W>,
-    pub r: WidgetRef<W>,
-}
-
-impl<W: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>> WidgetHandle<W> {
-    pub fn any(self) -> WidgetHandle<dyn Widget> {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-impl<W: ?Sized> WidgetHandle<W> {
-    pub(crate) fn new(id: WidgetId, send: Sender<WidgetId>) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            id,
-            counter: RefCounter::new(),
-            send,
-            ty: null_ptr(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn id(&self) -> WidgetId {
-        self.id
-    }
-
-    pub fn refs(&self) -> u32 {
-        self.counter.refs()
-    }
-
-    pub fn weak(&self) -> WidgetRef<W> {
-        let Self { ty, id, .. } = *self;
-        WidgetRef { ty, id }
-    }
-
-    pub fn handles(self) -> WidgetHandles<W> {
-        let r = self.weak();
-        WidgetHandles { h: self, r }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<W: ?Sized> WidgetRef<W> {
-    pub(crate) fn new(id: WidgetId) -> Self {
-        Self { id, ty: null_ptr() }
-    }
-
-    pub fn id(&self) -> WidgetId {
-        self.id
-    }
-
-    #[track_caller]
-    pub fn upgrade(self, ui: &mut impl HasUi) -> WidgetHandle<W> {
-        ui.ui_mut().widgets.upgrade(self)
-    }
-}
-
-impl<W: ?Sized> Drop for WidgetHandle<W> {
-    fn drop(&mut self) {
-        if self.counter.drop() {
-            let _ = self.send.send(self.id);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait WidgetIdFn<State, W: ?Sized = dyn Widget>: FnOnce(&mut State) -> WidgetRef<W> {}
-impl<State, W: ?Sized, F: FnOnce(&mut State) -> WidgetRef<W>> WidgetIdFn<State, W> for F {}
-
-pub trait IdLike {
-    type Widget: ?Sized;
-    fn id(&self) -> WidgetId;
-}
-
-impl<W: ?Sized> IdLike for &WidgetHandle<W> {
-    type Widget = W;
-    fn id(&self) -> WidgetId {
-        self.id
-    }
-}
-
-impl<W: ?Sized> IdLike for WidgetHandle<W> {
-    type Widget = W;
-    fn id(&self) -> WidgetId {
-        self.id
-    }
-}
-
-impl<W: ?Sized> IdLike for WidgetRef<W> {
-    type Widget = W;
-    fn id(&self) -> WidgetId {
-        self.id
-    }
-}
-
-impl IdLike for WidgetId {
-    type Widget = dyn Widget;
-    fn id(&self) -> WidgetId {
-        *self
-    }
-}
-
-impl<T: ?Sized + Unsize<U>, U: ?Sized> CoerceUnsized<WidgetHandle<U>> for WidgetHandle<T> {}
-impl<T: ?Sized + Unsize<U>, U: ?Sized> CoerceUnsized<WidgetRef<U>> for WidgetRef<T> {}
-
-impl<W: ?Sized> Clone for WidgetRef<W> {
-    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
-        *self
-    }
-}
-impl<W: ?Sized> Copy for WidgetRef<W> {}
-impl<W: ?Sized> PartialEq for WidgetRef<W> {
-    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-        self.id == other.id
-    }
-}
-
-impl<W> PartialEq for WidgetHandle<W> {
-    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-        self.id == other.id
-    }
-}
-
-impl<W> std::fmt::Debug for WidgetHandle<W> {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        self.id.fmt(f)
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a, W: Widget + 'a, State: HasUi> FnOnce<(&'a mut State,)> for WidgetRef<W> {
-    type Output = &'a mut W;
-
-    extern "rust-call" fn call_once(self, args: (&'a mut State,)) -> Self::Output {
-        &mut args.0.ui_mut()[self]
-    }
-}
-
-fn null_ptr<W: ?Sized>() -> *const W {
-    if size_of::<&W>() == size_of::<*const dyn Widget>() {
-        let w: *const dyn Widget = &();
-        unsafe { std::mem::transmute_copy(&w) }
-    } else {
-        unsafe { std::mem::transmute_copy(&[0usize; 1]) }
-    }
-}

core/src/widget/like.rs

@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{HasUi, Ui};
-
-use super::*;
-use std::marker::Unsize;
-
-pub trait StateLike<State> {
-    fn as_state(&mut self) -> &mut State;
-}
-
-impl StateLike<Ui> for Ui {
-    fn as_state(&mut self) -> &mut Ui {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait WidgetLike<State: HasUi + StateLike<State>, Tag>: Sized {
-    type Widget: Widget + ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>;
-
-    fn add(self, state: &mut impl StateLike<State>) -> WidgetRef<Self::Widget>;
-
-    fn add_strong(self, state: &mut impl StateLike<State>) -> WidgetHandle<Self::Widget> {
-        self.add(state).upgrade(state.as_state().ui_mut())
-    }
-
-    fn with_id<W2>(
-        self,
-        f: impl FnOnce(&mut State, WidgetRef<Self::Widget>) -> WidgetRef<W2>,
-    ) -> impl WidgetIdFn<State, W2> {
-        move |state| {
-            let id = self.add(state);
-            f(state, id)
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn set_root(self, state: &mut impl StateLike<State>) {
-        let id = self.add(state);
-        let ui = state.as_state().ui_mut();
-        ui.root = Some(id.upgrade(ui));
-    }
-
-    fn handles(self, state: &mut impl StateLike<State>) -> WidgetHandles<Self::Widget> {
-        self.add(state).upgrade(state.as_state().ui_mut()).handles()
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait WidgetArrLike<State, const LEN: usize, Tag> {
-    #[track_caller]
-    fn add(self, state: &mut impl StateLike<State>) -> WidgetArr<LEN>;
-}
-
-impl<State, const LEN: usize> WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, ArrTag> for WidgetArr<LEN> {
-    fn add(self, _: &mut impl StateLike<State>) -> WidgetArr<LEN> {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-// variadic generics please save us
-macro_rules! impl_widget_arr {
-    ($n:expr;$($W:ident)*) => {
-        impl_widget_arr!($n;$($W)*;$(${concat($W,Tag)})*);
-    };
-    ($n:expr;$($W:ident)*;$($Tag:ident)*) => {
-        impl<State: HasUi + StateLike<State>, $($W: WidgetLike<State, $Tag>,$Tag,)*> WidgetArrLike<State, $n, ($($Tag,)*)> for ($($W,)*) {
-            fn add(self, state: &mut impl StateLike<State>) -> WidgetArr<$n> {
-                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-                let ($($W,)*) = self;
-                WidgetArr::new(
-                    [$($W.add(state).upgrade(state.as_state().ui_mut()),)*],
-                )
-            }
-        }
-    };
-}
-
-impl_widget_arr!(1;A);
-impl_widget_arr!(2;A B);
-impl_widget_arr!(3;A B C);
-impl_widget_arr!(4;A B C D);
-impl_widget_arr!(5;A B C D E);
-impl_widget_arr!(6;A B C D E F);
-impl_widget_arr!(7;A B C D E F G);
-impl_widget_arr!(8;A B C D E F G H);
-impl_widget_arr!(9;A B C D E F G H I);
-impl_widget_arr!(10;A B C D E F G H I J);
-impl_widget_arr!(11;A B C D E F G H I J K);
-impl_widget_arr!(12;A B C D E F G H I J K L);

core/src/widget/mod.rs

@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{Axis, AxisT, Len, Painter, SizeCtx};
-use std::any::Any;
-
-mod data;
-mod handle;
-mod like;
-mod tag;
-mod widgets;
-
-pub use data::*;
-pub use handle::*;
-pub use like::*;
-pub use tag::*;
-pub use widgets::*;
-
-pub trait Widget: Any {
-    fn draw(&mut self, painter: &mut Painter);
-    fn desired_width(&mut self, ctx: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len;
-    fn desired_height(&mut self, ctx: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len;
-}
-
-pub trait WidgetAxisFns {
-    fn desired_len<A: AxisT>(&mut self, ctx: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len;
-}
-
-impl<W: Widget + ?Sized> WidgetAxisFns for W {
-    fn desired_len<A: AxisT>(&mut self, ctx: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len {
-        match A::get() {
-            Axis::X => self.desired_width(ctx),
-            Axis::Y => self.desired_height(ctx),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Widget for () {
-    fn draw(&mut self, _: &mut Painter) {}
-    fn desired_width(&mut self, _: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len {
-        Len::ZERO
-    }
-    fn desired_height(&mut self, _: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len {
-        Len::ZERO
-    }
-}
-
-impl dyn Widget {
-    pub fn as_any(&self) -> &dyn Any {
-        self
-    }
-
-    pub fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn Any {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-/// A function that returns a widget given a UI.
-/// Useful for defining trait functions on widgets that create a parent widget so that the children
-/// don't need to be IDs yet
-pub trait WidgetFn<State, W: Widget + ?Sized>: FnOnce(&mut State) -> W {}
-impl<State, W: Widget + ?Sized, F: FnOnce(&mut State) -> W> WidgetFn<State, W> for F {}
-
-pub struct WidgetArr<const LEN: usize> {
-    pub arr: [WidgetHandle; LEN],
-}
-
-impl<const LEN: usize> WidgetArr<LEN> {
-    pub fn new(arr: [WidgetHandle; LEN]) -> Self {
-        Self { arr }
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait WidgetOption<State> {
-    fn get(self, state: &mut State) -> Option<WidgetHandle>;
-}
-
-impl<State> WidgetOption<State> for () {
-    fn get(self, _: &mut State) -> Option<WidgetHandle> {
-        None
-    }
-}
-
-impl<State, F: FnOnce(&mut State) -> Option<WidgetHandle>> WidgetOption<State> for F {
-    fn get(self, state: &mut State) -> Option<WidgetHandle> {
-        self(state)
-    }
-}

core/src/widget/tag.rs

@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-use super::*;
-use crate::HasUi;
-use std::marker::Unsize;
-
-pub struct WidgetTag;
-impl<State: HasUi + StateLike<State>, W: Widget> WidgetLike<State, WidgetTag> for W {
-    type Widget = W;
-    fn add(self, state: &mut impl StateLike<State>) -> WidgetRef<W> {
-        state.as_state().get_mut().widgets.add_weak(self)
-    }
-}
-
-pub struct FnTag;
-impl<State: HasUi + StateLike<State>, W: Widget, F: FnOnce(&mut State) -> W>
-    WidgetLike<State, FnTag> for F
-{
-    type Widget = W;
-    fn add(self, state: &mut impl StateLike<State>) -> WidgetRef<W> {
-        self(state.as_state()).add(state)
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait WidgetFnTrait<State> {
-    type Widget: Widget;
-    fn run(self, state: &mut State) -> Self::Widget;
-}
-pub struct FnTraitTag;
-impl<State: HasUi + StateLike<State>, T: WidgetFnTrait<State>> WidgetLike<State, FnTraitTag> for T {
-    type Widget = T::Widget;
-    #[track_caller]
-    fn add(self, state: &mut impl StateLike<State>) -> WidgetRef<T::Widget> {
-        self.run(state.as_state()).add(state)
-    }
-}
-
-pub struct IdTag;
-impl<State: HasUi + StateLike<State>, W: ?Sized + Widget + Unsize<dyn Widget>>
-    WidgetLike<State, IdTag> for WidgetRef<W>
-{
-    type Widget = W;
-    fn add(self, _: &mut impl StateLike<State>) -> WidgetRef<W> {
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-pub struct IdFnTag;
-impl<
-    State: HasUi + StateLike<State>,
-    W: ?Sized + Widget + Unsize<dyn Widget>,
-    F: FnOnce(&mut State) -> WidgetRef<W>,
-> WidgetLike<State, IdFnTag> for F
-{
-    type Widget = W;
-    fn add(self, state: &mut impl StateLike<State>) -> WidgetRef<W> {
-        self(state.as_state())
-    }
-}
-
-pub struct ArrTag;

core/src/widget/widgets.rs

@@ -1,109 +0,0 @@
-use std::sync::mpsc::Sender;
-
-use crate::{
-    IdLike, Widget, WidgetData, WidgetHandle, WidgetId, WidgetRef,
-    util::{DynBorrower, HashSet, SlotVec, forget_mut, to_mut},
-};
-
-pub struct Widgets {
-    pub needs_redraw: HashSet<WidgetId>,
-    vec: SlotVec<WidgetData>,
-    send: Sender<WidgetId>,
-    pub(crate) waiting: HashSet<WidgetId>,
-}
-
-impl Widgets {
-    pub fn new(send: Sender<WidgetId>) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            needs_redraw: Default::default(),
-            vec: Default::default(),
-            waiting: Default::default(),
-            send,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn has_updates(&self) -> bool {
-        !self.needs_redraw.is_empty()
-    }
-
-    pub fn get_dyn(&self, id: WidgetId) -> Option<&dyn Widget> {
-        Some(self.vec.get(id)?.widget.as_ref())
-    }
-
-    pub fn get_dyn_mut(&mut self, id: WidgetId) -> Option<&mut dyn Widget> {
-        self.needs_redraw.insert(id);
-        Some(self.vec.get_mut(id)?.widget.as_mut())
-    }
-
-    /// get_dyn but dynamic borrow checking of widgets
-    /// lets you do recursive (tree) operations, like the painter does
-    pub(crate) fn get_dyn_dynamic<'a>(&self, id: WidgetId) -> WidgetWrapper<'a> {
-        // SAFETY: must guarantee no other mutable references to this widget exist
-        // done through the borrow variable
-        let data = unsafe { forget_mut(to_mut(self.vec.get(id).unwrap())) };
-        if data.borrowed {
-            panic!("tried to mutably borrow the same widget twice");
-        }
-        WidgetWrapper::new(data.widget.as_mut(), &mut data.borrowed)
-    }
-
-    pub fn get<I: IdLike>(&self, id: &I) -> Option<&I::Widget>
-    where
-        I::Widget: Sized + Widget,
-    {
-        self.get_dyn(id.id())?.as_any().downcast_ref()
-    }
-
-    pub fn get_mut<I: IdLike>(&mut self, id: &I) -> Option<&mut I::Widget>
-    where
-        I::Widget: Sized + Widget,
-    {
-        self.get_dyn_mut(id.id())?.as_any_mut().downcast_mut()
-    }
-
-    pub fn add_strong<W: Widget>(&mut self, widget: W) -> WidgetHandle<W> {
-        let id = self.vec.add(WidgetData::new(widget));
-        WidgetHandle::new(id, self.send.clone())
-    }
-
-    pub fn add_weak<W: Widget>(&mut self, widget: W) -> WidgetRef<W> {
-        let id = self.vec.add(WidgetData::new(widget));
-        self.waiting.insert(id);
-        WidgetRef::new(id)
-    }
-
-    #[track_caller]
-    pub fn upgrade<W: ?Sized>(&mut self, rf: WidgetRef<W>) -> WidgetHandle<W> {
-        if !self.waiting.remove(&rf.id()) {
-            let label = self.label(rf);
-            let id = rf.id();
-            panic!("widget '{label}' ({id:?}) was already added\ncannot add a widget twice; consider creating two")
-        }
-        WidgetHandle::new(rf.id(), self.send.clone())
-    }
-
-    pub fn data(&self, id: impl IdLike) -> Option<&WidgetData> {
-        self.vec.get(id.id())
-    }
-
-    pub fn label(&self, id: impl IdLike) -> &String {
-        &self.data(id.id()).unwrap().label
-    }
-
-    pub fn data_mut(&mut self, id: impl IdLike) -> Option<&mut WidgetData> {
-        self.vec.get_mut(id.id())
-    }
-
-    pub fn delete(&mut self, id: impl IdLike) {
-        self.vec.free(id.id());
-        // not sure if there's any point in this
-        // self.updates.remove(&id);
-    }
-
-    #[allow(clippy::len_without_is_empty)]
-    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
-        self.vec.len()
-    }
-}
-
-pub type WidgetWrapper<'a> = DynBorrower<'a, dyn Widget>;

examples/minimal.rs

@@ -1,20 +1,14 @@
-use iris::prelude::*;
+use iris::{prelude::*};
 
 fn main() {
-    App::<State>::run();
+    DefaultApp::<State>::run();
 }
 
-#[default_ui_state]
+struct State;
-struct State {}
 
 impl DefaultAppState for State {
-    fn new(ui_state: DefaultUiState, _proxy: Proxy<Self::Event>) -> Self {
+    fn new(ui: &mut Ui, _state: &UiState, _proxy: Proxy<Self::Event>) -> Self {
-        let mut ui = Ui::new();
+        rect(Color::RED).set_root(ui);
-        rect(Color::RED).set_root(&mut ui);
+        Self
-        Self {
-            ui,
-            ui_state,
-            events: EventManager::default(),
-        }
     }
 }

macro/Cargo.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ version.workspace = true
 edition.workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
-proc-macro2 = "1.0.103"
 quote = "1.0.42"
 syn = { version = "2.0.111", features = ["full"] }
 

macro/src/lib.rs

@@ -2,18 +2,15 @@ extern crate proc_macro;
 use proc_macro::TokenStream;
 use quote::quote;
 use syn::{
-    Attribute, Block, Error, Fields, FieldsNamed, GenericParam, Generics, Ident, ItemStruct,
+    Attribute, Block, Ident, ItemTrait, Signature, Token, Visibility,
-    ItemTrait, Meta, Signature, Token, Visibility,
     parse::{Parse, ParseStream, Result},
     parse_macro_input, parse_quote,
-    spanned::Spanned,
 };
 
 struct Input {
     attrs: Vec<Attribute>,
     vis: Visibility,
     name: Ident,
-    generics: Generics,
     fns: Vec<InputFn>,
 }
 
@@ -28,7 +25,6 @@ impl Parse for Input {
         let vis = input.parse()?;
         input.parse::<Token![trait]>()?;
         let name = input.parse()?;
-        let generics = input.parse::<Generics>()?;
         input.parse::<Token![;]>()?;
         let mut fns = Vec::new();
         while !input.is_empty() {
@@ -43,7 +39,6 @@ impl Parse for Input {
             attrs,
             vis,
             name,
-            generics,
             fns,
         })
     }
@@ -55,7 +50,6 @@ pub fn widget_trait(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
         attrs,
         vis,
         name,
-        mut generics,
         fns,
     } = parse_macro_input!(input as Input);
 
@@ -65,128 +59,19 @@ pub fn widget_trait(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
         .map(|InputFn { sig, body }| quote! { #sig #body })
         .collect();
 
-    let Some(GenericParam::Type(state)) = generics.params.first() else {
-        return Error::new(name.span(), "expected state generic parameter")
-            .into_compile_error()
-            .into();
-    };
-
-    let state = &state.ident;
-
-    generics
-        .params
-        .push(parse_quote!(WL: WidgetLike<#state, Tag>));
-    generics.params.push(parse_quote!(Tag));
-
     let mut trai: ItemTrait = parse_quote!(
-        #vis trait #name #generics {
+        #vis trait #name<WL: WidgetLike<Tag>, Tag> {
             #(#sigs;)*
         }
     );
 
     trai.attrs = attrs;
 
-    quote! {
+    TokenStream::from(quote! {
         #trai
 
-        impl #generics #name<State, WL, Tag> for WL {
+        impl<WL: WidgetLike<Tag>, Tag> #name<WL, Tag> for WL {
             #(#impls)*
         }
-    }
+    })
-    .into()
-}
-
-#[proc_macro_derive(UiState, attributes(rsc))]
-pub fn derive_ui_state(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
-    let mut output = proc_macro2::TokenStream::new();
-
-    let state: ItemStruct = parse_macro_input!(input);
-    let sname = state.ident;
-    let rscname = Ident::new(&(sname.to_string() + "Rsc"), sname.span());
-    let mut rsc_fields = Vec::new();
-
-    for field in state.fields {
-        let Some(attr) = field.attrs.iter().find(|a| a.path().is_ident("rsc")) else {
-            continue;
-        };
-        let Meta::List(list) = &attr.meta else {
-            output.extend(Error::new(attr.span(), "invalid attr syntax").into_compile_error());
-            continue;
-        };
-        let tname: Ident = match list.parse_args::<Ident>() {
-            Ok(ident) => ident,
-            Err(err) => {
-                output.extend(err.to_compile_error());
-                continue;
-            }
-        };
-        let fty = &field.ty;
-        let fname = &field.ident.unwrap();
-        rsc_fields.extend(quote! {#fname: #fty,});
-        output.extend(quote! {
-            impl #tname for #sname {
-                fn get(&self) -> &#fty {
-                    &self.#fname
-                }
-                fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut #fty {
-                    &mut self.#fname
-                }
-            }
-            impl #tname for #rscname {
-                fn get(&self) -> &#fty {
-                    &self.#fname
-                }
-                fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut #fty {
-                    &mut self.#fname
-                }
-            }
-        });
-    }
-    let vis = state.vis;
-    output.extend(quote! {
-        #vis struct #rscname {
-            #(#rsc_fields)*
-        }
-
-        impl HasState for #sname {
-            type State = #sname;
-        }
-
-        impl HasState for #rscname {
-            type State = #sname;
-        }
-
-        impl StateLike<#sname> for #sname {
-            fn as_state(&mut self) -> &mut Self {
-                self
-            }
-        }
-
-        impl StateLike<#rscname> for #rscname {
-            fn as_state(&mut self) -> &mut Self {
-                self
-            }
-        }
-    });
-    output.into()
-}
-
-#[proc_macro_attribute]
-pub fn default_ui_state(_attr: TokenStream, input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
-    let mut state: ItemStruct = parse_macro_input!(input);
-    let Fields::Named(fields) = &mut state.fields else {
-        panic!("must be on named fields struct");
-    };
-    let name = &state.ident;
-    state.attrs.push(parse_quote! {#[derive(UiState)]});
-    let new: FieldsNamed = parse_quote! {{
-        #[rsc(HasUi)]
-        pub ui: Ui,
-        #[rsc(HasDefaultUiState)]
-        pub ui_state: DefaultUiState,
-        #[rsc(HasEvents)]
-        pub events: iris::prelude::EventManager<#name>,
-    }};
-    fields.named.extend(new.named);
-    quote! {#state}.into()
 }

readme.md

@@ -1,25 +1,22 @@
 # iris
 
-My experimental attempt at a rust ui library (also my first ui library).
+my fisrt attempt at a rust ui library
 
-It's currently designed around using retained data structures (widgets), rather than diffing generated trees from data like xilem or iced. This is an experiment and I'm not sure if it's a good idea or not.
+it's called iris because it's the structure around what you actually want to display and colorful
 
-There's a `main.rs` that runs a testing window, so you can just `cargo run` to see it working.
+there's a `main.rs` that runs a testing window, so can just `cargo run` to see it working
 
-Goals, in general order:
+goals, in general order:
 1. does what I want it to (text, images, video, animations)
 2. very easy to use ignoring ergonomic ref counting
 3. reasonably fast / efficient (a lot faster than electron, save battery life)
 
-## dev details
+not targeting web rn cause wanna use actual nice gpu features & entire point of this is to make desktop apps
-
-not targeting web rn cause wanna use actual nice gpu features & entire point of this is to make desktop apps / not need a web browser
 
 general ideas trynna use rn / experiment with:
 - retained mode
-- specifically designed around wgpu so there's no translation
+- specifically designed around wgpu
 - postfix functions for most things to prevent unreadable indentation (going very well)
-- events can be done directly where you draw the widgets
 - almost no macros in user code & actual LSP typechecking (variadic generics if you can hear me please save us)
 - relative anchor + absolute offset coord system (+ "rest" / leftover during widget layout)
 - single threaded ui & pass context around to make non async usage straightforward (pretty unsure about this)
@@ -27,5 +24,3 @@ general ideas trynna use rn / experiment with:
 
 under heavy initial development so not gonna try to explain status, maybe check TODO for that;
 sizable chance it gets a rewrite once I know everything I need and what seems to work best
-
-it's called iris because it's the structure around what you actually want to display and colorful

src/bin/test/main.rs

@@ -1,26 +1,20 @@
 use cosmic_text::Family;
-use std::{cell::RefCell, rc::Rc};
+use iris::prelude::*;
+use len_fns::*;
 use winit::event::WindowEvent;
 
-iris::state_prelude!(ClientRsc);
-
 fn main() {
-    App::<Client>::run();
+    DefaultApp::<Client>::run();
 }
 
-#[default_ui_state]
 pub struct Client {
     info: WidgetRef<Text>,
 }
 
-impl DefaultAppState for Client {
+event_ctx!(Client);
-    fn new(ui_state: DefaultUiState, _proxy: Proxy<Self::Event>) -> Self {
-        let mut rsc = ClientRsc {
-            ui: Ui::new(),
-            ui_state,
-            events: EventManager::default(),
-        };
 
+impl DefaultAppState for Client {
+    fn new(ui: &mut Ui, _state: &UiState, _proxy: Proxy<Self::Event>) -> Self {
         let rrect = rect(Color::WHITE).radius(20);
         let pad_test = (
             rrect.color(Color::BLUE),
@@ -43,7 +37,7 @@ impl DefaultAppState for Client {
                 .width(rest(3)),
         )
             .span(Dir::RIGHT)
-            .add(&mut rsc);
+            .add(ui);
 
         let span_test = (
             rrect.color(Color::GREEN).width(100),
@@ -54,30 +48,31 @@ impl DefaultAppState for Client {
             rrect.color(Color::RED).width(100),
         )
             .span(Dir::LEFT)
-            .add(&mut rsc);
+            .add(ui);
 
-        let span_add = Span::empty(Dir::RIGHT).add(&mut rsc);
+        let span_add = Span::empty(Dir::RIGHT).add(ui);
+        let span_add_ = span_add.weak();
 
         let add_button = rect(Color::LIME)
             .radius(30)
             .on(CursorSense::click(), move |ctx| {
                 let child = image(include_bytes!("assets/sungals.png"))
                     .center()
-                    .add_strong(ctx);
+                    .add(ctx.data.ui);
-                span_add(ctx).push(child);
+                span_add_.get_mut().children.push(child);
             })
             .sized((150, 150))
             .align(Align::BOT_RIGHT);
 
         let del_button = rect(Color::RED)
             .radius(30)
-            .on(CursorSense::click(), move |ctx| {
+            .on(CursorSense::click(), move |_| {
-                span_add(ctx).pop();
+                span_add_.get_mut().children.pop();
             })
             .sized((150, 150))
             .align(Align::BOT_LEFT);
 
-        let span_add_test = (span_add, add_button, del_button).stack().add(&mut rsc);
+        let span_add_test = (span_add, add_button, del_button).stack().add(ui);
 
         let btext = |content| wtext(content).size(30);
 
@@ -100,30 +95,31 @@ impl DefaultAppState for Client {
             wtext("pretty cool right?").size(50),
         )
             .span(Dir::DOWN)
-            .add(&mut rsc);
+            .add(ui);
 
-        let texts = Span::empty(Dir::DOWN).gap(10).add(&mut rsc);
+        let texts = Span::empty(Dir::DOWN).gap(10).add(ui);
-        let msg_area = texts.scrollable().masked().background(rect(Color::SKY));
+        let texts_ = texts.weak();
+        let msg_area = texts.scroll().masked().background(rect(Color::SKY));
         let add_text = wtext("add")
-            .editable(EditMode::MultiLine)
+            .editable(false)
             .text_align(Align::LEFT)
             .size(30)
             .attr::<Selectable>(())
             .on(Submit, move |ctx| {
-                let w = ctx.widget;
+                let content = ctx.widget.get_mut().take();
-                let content = w.edit(ctx).take();
                 let text = wtext(content)
-                    .editable(EditMode::MultiLine)
+                    .editable(false)
                     .size(30)
                     .text_align(Align::LEFT)
                     .wrap(true)
                     .attr::<Selectable>(());
                 let msg_box = text
                     .background(rect(Color::WHITE.darker(0.5)))
-                    .add_strong(ctx);
+                    .add(&mut Ui::new());
-                texts(ctx).push(msg_box);
+                texts_.get_mut().children.push(msg_box);
             })
-            .add(&mut rsc);
+            .add(ui);
+        let add_text_ = add_text.weak();
         let text_edit_scroll = (
             msg_area.height(rest(1)),
             (
@@ -132,7 +128,7 @@ impl DefaultAppState for Client {
                     add_text.width(rest(1)),
                     Rect::new(Color::GREEN)
                         .on(CursorSense::click(), move |ctx| {
-                            ctx.state.run_event::<Submit>(add_text, &mut ());
+                            Events::<Submit, _>::run(add_text_.id(), &mut (), ctx.state);
                         })
                         .sized((40, 40)),
                 )
@@ -145,80 +141,73 @@ impl DefaultAppState for Client {
                 .align(Align::BOT),
         )
             .span(Dir::DOWN)
-            .add(&mut rsc);
+            .add(ui);
 
-        let main = WidgetPtr::new().add(&mut rsc);
+        let main = pad_test.pad(10).add(ui);
+        let main_ = main.weak();
 
-        let vals = Rc::new(RefCell::new((0, Vec::new())));
+        let tab_handles = Handle::from((0, Vec::new()));
-        let mut switch_button = |color, to: WidgetRef, label| {
+
-            let to = to.upgrade(&mut rsc);
+        let switch_button = |color, to: Option<WidgetHandle>, label| {
-            let vec = &mut vals.borrow_mut().1;
+            let tab_handles = tab_handles.clone();
-            let i = vec.len();
+            let i = tab_handles.get().1.len();
-            if vec.is_empty() {
+            tab_handles.get_mut().1.push(to);
-                vec.push(None);
-                rsc.ui[main].set(to);
-            } else {
-                vec.push(Some(to));
-            }
-            let vals = vals.clone();
             let rect = rect(color)
                 .on(CursorSense::click(), move |ctx| {
-                    let (prev, vec) = &mut *vals.borrow_mut();
+                    let (prev, all) = &mut *tab_handles.get_mut();
-                    if let Some(h) = vec[i].take() {
+                    if let Some(to) = &mut all[i] {
-                        vec[*prev] = main(ctx).replace(h);
+                        let mut main = main_.get_mut();
+                        std::mem::swap(&mut main.inner, to);
+                        all.swap(*prev, i);
                         *prev = i;
                     }
-                    ctx.widget().color = color.darker(0.3);
+                    ctx.widget.get_mut().color = color.darker(0.3);
                 })
                 .on(
                     CursorSense::HoverStart | CursorSense::unclick(),
                     move |ctx| {
-                        ctx.widget().color = color.brighter(0.2);
+                        ctx.widget.get_mut().color = color.brighter(0.2);
                     },
                 )
                 .on(CursorSense::HoverEnd, move |ctx| {
-                    ctx.widget().color = color;
+                    ctx.widget.get_mut().color = color;
                 });
             (rect, wtext(label).size(30).text_align(Align::CENTER)).stack()
         };
 
         let tabs = (
-            switch_button(Color::RED, pad_test, "pad"),
+            switch_button(Color::RED, None, "pad"),
-            switch_button(Color::GREEN, span_test, "span"),
+            switch_button(Color::GREEN, Some(span_test), "span"),
-            switch_button(Color::BLUE, span_add_test, "image span"),
+            switch_button(Color::BLUE, Some(span_add_test), "image span"),
-            switch_button(Color::MAGENTA, text_test, "text layout"),
+            switch_button(Color::MAGENTA, Some(text_test), "text layout"),
             switch_button(
                 Color::YELLOW.mul_rgb(0.5),
-                text_edit_scroll,
+                Some(text_edit_scroll),
                 "text edit scroll",
             ),
         )
             .span(Dir::RIGHT);
 
-        let info = wtext("").add(&mut rsc);
+        let info_ = wtext("").add(ui);
-        let info_sect = info.pad(10).align(Align::RIGHT);
+        let info = info_.weak();
+        let info_sect = info_.pad(10).align(Align::RIGHT);
 
-        ((tabs.height(40), main.pad(10)).span(Dir::DOWN), info_sect)
+        ((tabs.height(40), main).span(Dir::DOWN), info_sect)
             .stack()
-            .set_root(&mut rsc);
+            .set_root(ui);
 
-        Self {
+        Self { info }
-            ui: rsc.ui,
-            ui_state: rsc.ui_state,
-            events: rsc.events,
-            info,
-        }
     }
 
-    fn window_event(&mut self, _: WindowEvent) {
+    fn window_event(&mut self, _: WindowEvent, ui: &mut Ui, state: &UiState) {
         let new = format!(
             "widgets: {}\nactive:{}\nviews: {}",
-            self.ui.num_widgets(),
+            total_widgets(),
-            self.ui.active_widgets(),
+            ui.active_widgets(),
-            self.ui_state.renderer.ui.view_count()
+            state.renderer.ui.view_count()
         );
-        if new != *self.ui[self.info].content {
+        if new != *self.info.get().content {
-            *self.ui[self.info].content = new;
+            *self.info.get_mut().content = new;
         }
     }
 }

src/default/attr.rs

@@ -1,40 +1,38 @@
-use crate::prelude::*;
+use crate::{default::UiState, prelude::*};
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
 use winit::dpi::{LogicalPosition, LogicalSize};
 
+event_ctx!(UiState);
+
 pub struct Selector;
 
-impl<State: HasEvents, W: Widget + 'static> WidgetAttr<State, W> for Selector
+impl<W: Widget + 'static> WidgetAttr<W> for Selector {
-where
-    State::State: HasDefaultUiState,
-{
     type Input = WidgetRef<TextEdit>;
 
-    fn run(state: &mut State, container: WidgetRef<W>, id: Self::Input) {
+    fn run(ui: &mut Ui, container: WidgetRef<W>, id: Self::Input) {
-        state.register_event(container, CursorSense::click_or_drag(), move |ctx| {
+        container.on(CursorSense::click_or_drag(), move |ctx| {
-            let region = ctx.ui().window_region(&id).unwrap();
+            let ui = &mut ctx.data.ui;
+            let region = ui.window_region(&id).unwrap();
             let id_pos = region.top_left;
-            let container_pos = ctx.state.ui().window_region(&container).unwrap().top_left;
+            let container_pos = ui.window_region(&container).unwrap().top_left;
             let pos = ctx.data.pos + container_pos - id_pos;
             let size = region.size();
-            select(ctx.state, id, pos, size, ctx.data.sense.is_dragging());
+            select(ui, id, ctx.state, pos, size, ctx.data.sense.is_dragging());
         });
     }
 }
 
 pub struct Selectable;
 
-impl<State: HasEvents> WidgetAttr<State, TextEdit> for Selectable
+impl WidgetAttr<TextEdit> for Selectable {
-where
-    State::State: HasDefaultUiState,
-{
     type Input = ();
 
-    fn run(state: &mut State, id: WidgetRef<TextEdit>, _: Self::Input) {
+    fn run(ui: &mut Ui, id: WidgetRef<TextEdit>, _: Self::Input) {
-        state.register_event(id, CursorSense::click_or_drag(), move |ctx| {
+        id.on(CursorSense::click_or_drag(), move |ctx| {
             select(
-                ctx.state,
+                ctx.data.ui,
                 id,
+                ctx.state,
                 ctx.data.pos,
                 ctx.data.size,
                 ctx.data.sense.is_dragging(),
@@ -44,17 +42,17 @@ where
 }
 
 fn select(
-    state: &mut impl HasDefaultUiState,
+    ui: &mut Ui,
     id: WidgetRef<TextEdit>,
+    state: &mut UiState,
     pos: Vec2,
     size: Vec2,
     dragging: bool,
 ) {
-    let (ui, state) = HasDefaultUiState::ui_with_state(state);
     let now = Instant::now();
     let recent = (now - state.last_click) < Duration::from_millis(300);
     state.last_click = now;
-    id.edit(ui).select(pos, size, dragging, recent);
+    id.get_mut().select(pos, size, dragging, recent);
     if let Some(region) = ui.window_region(&id) {
         state.window.set_ime_allowed(true);
         state.window.set_ime_cursor_area(

src/default/event.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-use iris_core::Event;
+use iris_core::layout::Event;
 
-#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct Submit;
 impl Event for Submit {}
 
-#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct Edited;
 impl Event for Edited {}

src/default/input.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-use crate::prelude::*;
+use crate::{
+    widget::{CursorState, Modifiers},
+    layout::Vec2,
+    default::UiState,
+};
 use winit::{
     event::{MouseButton, MouseScrollDelta, WindowEvent},
     keyboard::{Key, NamedKey},
@@ -66,7 +70,7 @@ impl Input {
     }
 }
 
-impl DefaultUiState {
+impl UiState {
     pub fn window_size(&self) -> Vec2 {
         let size = self.renderer.window().inner_size();
         (size.width, size.height).into()

src/default/mod.rs

@@ -1,30 +1,33 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use arboard::Clipboard;
-use iris_core::util::forget_mut;
+use std::sync::Arc;
-use std::{marker::Sized, sync::Arc, time::Instant};
+use std::time::Instant;
-use winit::{
+use winit::event::{Ime, WindowEvent};
-    event::{Ime, WindowEvent},
+use winit::event_loop::{ActiveEventLoop, EventLoopProxy};
-    event_loop::{ActiveEventLoop, EventLoopProxy},
+use winit::window::{Window, WindowAttributes};
-    window::{Window, WindowAttributes},
-};
 
 mod app;
 mod attr;
 mod event;
 mod input;
 mod render;
-mod sense;
 
 pub use app::*;
 pub use attr::*;
 pub use event::*;
 pub use input::*;
 pub use render::*;
-pub use sense::*;
 
 pub type Proxy<Event> = EventLoopProxy<Event>;
+pub type DefaultApp<Data> = App<DefaultState<Data>>;
 
-pub struct DefaultUiState {
+pub struct DefaultState<AppState> {
+    ui: Ui,
+    ui_state: UiState,
+    app_state: AppState,
+}
+
+pub struct UiState {
     pub renderer: UiRenderer,
     pub input: Input,
     pub focus: Option<WidgetRef<TextEdit>>,
@@ -34,10 +37,31 @@ pub struct DefaultUiState {
     pub last_click: Instant,
 }
 
-impl DefaultUiState {
+pub trait DefaultAppState: 'static {
-    pub fn new(window: impl Into<Arc<Window>>) -> Self {
+    type Event: 'static = ();
-        let window = window.into();
+    fn new(ui: &mut Ui, state: &UiState, proxy: Proxy<Self::Event>) -> Self;
-        Self {
+    #[allow(unused_variables)]
+    fn event(&mut self, event: Self::Event, ui: &mut Ui, state: &UiState) {}
+    #[allow(unused_variables)]
+    fn exit(&mut self, ui: &mut Ui, state: &UiState) {}
+    #[allow(unused_variables)]
+    fn window_event(&mut self, event: WindowEvent, ui: &mut Ui, state: &UiState) {}
+    fn window_attrs() -> WindowAttributes {
+        WindowAttributes::default()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<State: DefaultAppState> AppState for DefaultState<State> {
+    type Event = State::Event;
+
+    fn new(event_loop: &ActiveEventLoop, proxy: EventLoopProxy<Self::Event>) -> Self {
+        let window = Arc::new(
+            event_loop
+                .create_window(State::window_attrs())
+                .expect("failed to create window "),
+        );
+        let mut ui = Ui::new();
+        let ui_state = UiState {
             renderer: UiRenderer::new(window.clone()),
             window,
             input: Input::default(),
@@ -45,57 +69,26 @@ impl DefaultUiState {
             ime: 0,
             last_click: Instant::now(),
             focus: None,
+        };
+        let app_state = State::new(&mut ui, &ui_state, proxy);
+        Self {
+            ui,
+            ui_state,
+            app_state,
         }
     }
-}
-
-pub trait HasDefaultUiState: Sized + 'static + HasUi {
-    fn get(&self) -> &DefaultUiState;
-    fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut DefaultUiState;
-    fn ui_state(&self) -> &DefaultUiState {
-        HasDefaultUiState::get(self)
-    }
-    fn ui_state_mut(&mut self) -> &mut DefaultUiState {
-        HasDefaultUiState::get_mut(self)
-    }
-    fn ui_with_state(&mut self) -> (&mut Ui, &mut DefaultUiState) {
-        // as long as you're not doing anything actually unhinged this should always work safely
-        (
-            unsafe { forget_mut(self.ui_mut()) },
-            HasDefaultUiState::get_mut(self),
-        )
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait DefaultAppState: RunEvents + HasDefaultUiState {
-    type Event: 'static = ();
-    fn new(ui_state: DefaultUiState, proxy: Proxy<Self::Event>) -> Self;
-    #[allow(unused_variables)]
-    fn event(&mut self, event: Self::Event) {}
-    #[allow(unused_variables)]
-    fn exit(&mut self) {}
-    #[allow(unused_variables)]
-    fn window_event(&mut self, event: WindowEvent) {}
-    fn window_attributes() -> WindowAttributes {
-        Default::default()
-    }
-}
-
-impl<State: DefaultAppState> AppState for State {
-    type Event = State::Event;
-
-    fn new(event_loop: &ActiveEventLoop, proxy: EventLoopProxy<Self::Event>) -> Self {
-        let window = event_loop.create_window(Self::window_attributes()).unwrap();
-        Self::new(DefaultUiState::new(window), proxy)
-    }
 
     fn event(&mut self, event: Self::Event, _: &ActiveEventLoop) {
-        self.event(event);
+        self.app_state.event(event, &mut self.ui, &self.ui_state);
     }
 
     fn window_event(&mut self, event: WindowEvent, event_loop: &ActiveEventLoop) {
-        let events = unsafe { forget_mut(self.events_mut()) };
+        let Self {
-        let ui_state = HasDefaultUiState::get_mut(self);
+            ui,
+            ui_state,
+            app_state,
+        } = self;
+
         let input_changed = ui_state.input.event(&event);
         let cursor_state = ui_state.cursor_state().clone();
         let old = ui_state.focus;
@@ -104,18 +97,21 @@ impl<State: DefaultAppState> AppState for State {
         }
         if input_changed {
             let window_size = ui_state.window_size();
-            self.run_sensors(&cursor_state, window_size);
+            // call sensors with all 3 important contexts
+            // TODO: allow user to specify custom contexts?
+            // and give them both states in case they need both
+            ui.run_sensors(&mut (), &cursor_state, window_size);
+            ui.run_sensors(ui_state, &cursor_state, window_size);
+            ui.run_sensors(app_state, &cursor_state, window_size);
         }
-        let (mut ui, mut ui_state) = self.ui_with_state();
         if old != ui_state.focus
             && let Some(old) = old
         {
-            old.edit(ui).deselect();
+            old.get_mut().deselect();
         }
         match &event {
             WindowEvent::CloseRequested => event_loop.exit(),
             WindowEvent::RedrawRequested => {
-                ui.update(events);
                 ui_state.renderer.update(ui);
                 ui_state.renderer.draw();
             }
@@ -127,20 +123,20 @@ impl<State: DefaultAppState> AppState for State {
                 if let Some(sel) = ui_state.focus
                     && event.state.is_pressed()
                 {
-                    let mut text = sel.edit(ui);
+                    let res = sel.get_mut().apply_event(event, &ui_state.input.modifiers);
-                    match text.apply_event(event, &ui_state.input.modifiers) {
+                    match res {
                         TextInputResult::Unfocus => {
                             ui_state.focus = None;
                             ui_state.window.set_ime_allowed(false);
                         }
                         TextInputResult::Submit => {
-                            self.run_event::<Submit>(sel, &mut ());
+                            Events::<Submit, _>::run(sel.id(), &mut (), app_state);
                         }
                         TextInputResult::Paste => {
                             if let Ok(t) = ui_state.clipboard.get_text() {
-                                text.insert(&t);
+                                sel.get_mut().insert(&t);
                             }
-                            self.run_event::<Edited>(sel, &mut ());
+                            Events::<Edited, _>::run(sel.id(), &mut (), app_state);
                         }
                         TextInputResult::Copy(text) => {
                             if let Err(err) = ui_state.clipboard.set_text(text) {
@@ -148,39 +144,37 @@ impl<State: DefaultAppState> AppState for State {
                             }
                         }
                         TextInputResult::Used => {
-                            self.run_event::<Edited>(sel, &mut ());
+                            Events::<Edited, _>::run(sel.id(), &mut (), app_state);
                         }
                         TextInputResult::Unused => {}
                     }
                 }
             }
             WindowEvent::Ime(ime) => {
-                if let Some(sel) = ui_state.focus {
+                if let Some(sel) = &ui_state.focus {
-                    let mut text = sel.edit(ui);
                     match ime {
                         Ime::Enabled | Ime::Disabled => (),
                         Ime::Preedit(content, _pos) => {
                             // TODO: highlight once that's real
-                            text.replace(ui_state.ime, content);
+                            sel.get_mut().replace(ui_state.ime, content);
                             ui_state.ime = content.chars().count();
                         }
                         Ime::Commit(content) => {
-                            text.insert(content);
+                            sel.get_mut().insert(content);
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
             _ => (),
         }
-        self.window_event(event);
+        app_state.window_event(event, ui, ui_state);
-        (ui, ui_state) = self.ui_with_state();
+        if ui.update() {
-        if ui.needs_redraw() {
             ui_state.renderer.window().request_redraw();
         }
         ui_state.input.end_frame();
     }
 
     fn exit(&mut self) {
-        self.exit();
+        self.app_state.exit(&mut self.ui, &self.ui_state);
     }
 }

src/default/render.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-use iris_core::{Ui, UiLimits, UiRenderNode};
+use crate::{
+    layout::Ui,
+    render::{UiLimits, UiRenderNode},
+};
 use pollster::FutureExt;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use wgpu::{util::StagingBelt, *};
@@ -18,8 +21,8 @@ pub struct UiRenderer {
 }
 
 impl UiRenderer {
-    pub fn update(&mut self, ui: &mut Ui) {
+    pub fn update(&mut self, updates: &mut Ui) {
-        self.ui.update(&self.device, &self.queue, ui);
+        self.ui.update(&self.device, &self.queue, updates);
     }
 
     pub fn draw(&mut self) {
@@ -69,6 +72,7 @@ impl UiRenderer {
 
         let instance = Instance::new(&InstanceDescriptor {
             backends: Backends::PRIMARY,
+            flags: InstanceFlags::empty(),
             ..Default::default()
         });
 
@@ -118,7 +122,7 @@ impl UiRenderer {
             format: surface_format,
             width: size.width,
             height: size.height,
-            present_mode: PresentMode::AutoNoVsync,
+            present_mode: PresentMode::AutoVsync,
             alpha_mode: surface_caps.alpha_modes[0],
             desired_maximum_frame_latency: 2,
             view_formats: vec![],

src/event.rs

@@ -1,25 +1,66 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
+use iris_macro::widget_trait;
 
 pub mod eventable {
     use super::*;
+
     widget_trait! {
-        pub trait Eventable<State: HasEvents + StateLike<State> + 'static>;
+        pub trait Eventable;
-        fn on<E: EventLike>(
+        fn on<E: EventAlias, Ctx: 'static>(
             self,
             event: E,
-            f: impl for<'a> WidgetEventFn<State::State, <E::Event as Event>::Data<'a>, WL::Widget>,
+            f: impl for<'a> EventIdFn<Ctx, <E::Event as Event>::Data<'a>, WL::Widget>,
-        ) -> impl WidgetIdFn<State, WL::Widget> {
+        ) -> impl WidgetIdFn<WL::Widget> {
-            move |state| {
+            move |ui| {
-                let id = self.add(state);
+                let id = self.add(ui);
-                state.register_event(id, event.into_event(), move |ctx| {
+                Events::<E::Event, Ctx>::register(id.weak(), event.into_event(), f);
-                    f(&mut EventIdCtx {
-                        widget: id,
-                        state: ctx.state,
-                        data: ctx.data,
-                    });
-                });
                 id
             }
         }
     }
 }
+
+// TODO: naming in here is a bit weird like eventable
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! event_ctx {
+    ($ty: ty) => {
+        mod local_event_trait {
+            use super::*;
+            #[allow(unused_imports)]
+            use $crate::prelude::*;
+
+            widget_trait! {
+                #[allow(unused)]
+                pub trait EventableCtx;
+                fn on<E: EventAlias>(
+                    self,
+                    event: E,
+                    f: impl for<'a> EventIdFn<$ty, <E::Event as Event>::Data<'a>, WL::Widget>,
+                ) -> impl WidgetIdFn<WL::Widget> {
+                    eventable::Eventable::on(self, event, f)
+                }
+            }
+            use std::marker::Sized;
+            #[allow(unused)]
+            pub trait EventableCtxRef<W: Widget + ?Sized> {
+                fn on<E: EventAlias>(
+                    self,
+                    event: E,
+                    f: impl for<'a> EventIdFn<$ty, <E::Event as Event>::Data<'a>, W>,
+                );
+            }
+
+            impl<W: Widget + ?Sized> EventableCtxRef<W> for WidgetRef<W> {
+                fn on<E: EventAlias>(
+                    self,
+                    event: E,
+                    f: impl for<'a> EventIdFn<$ty, <E::Event as Event>::Data<'a>, W>,
+                ) {
+                    Events::<E::Event, $ty>::register(self, event.into_event(), f);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        use local_event_trait::*;
+    };
+}
+pub use event_ctx;

src/lib.rs

@@ -2,37 +2,22 @@
 #![feature(fn_traits)]
 #![feature(gen_blocks)]
 #![feature(associated_type_defaults)]
-#![feature(unsize)]
 
-pub mod default;
+mod default;
-pub mod event;
+mod event;
-pub mod typed;
+mod widget;
-pub mod widget;
 
-pub use iris_core as core;
-pub use iris_macro as macros;
-
-#[macro_export]
-macro_rules! state_prelude {
-    ($vis:vis $state:ty) => {
-        iris::event_state!($vis $state);
-        $vis use iris::{
-            default::*,
-            core::{len_fns::*, util::Vec2, *},
-            macros::*,
-            widget::*,
-        };
-    };
-}
-
-pub mod prelude {
-    use super::*;
-    pub use default::*;
-    pub use event::*;
 pub use iris_core::*;
 pub use iris_macro::*;
-    pub use widget::*;
 
-    pub use iris_core::util::Vec2;
+pub mod prelude {
-    pub use typed::*;
+    pub use super::default::*;
+    pub use super::event::*;
+    pub use super::widget::*;
+
+    pub use iris_core::layout::*;
+    pub use iris_core::render::*;
+    pub use iris_core::util::Handle;
+
+    pub use iris_macro::*;
 }

src/typed.rs

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-#[macro_export]
-macro_rules! event_state {
-    ($vis:vis $state:ty) => {
-        mod local_event_trait {
-            use super::*;
-            #[allow(unused_imports)]
-            use $crate::prelude::*;
-            pub trait EventableCtx<WL: WidgetLike<$state, Tag>, Tag> {
-                fn on<E: EventLike>(
-                    self,
-                    event: E,
-                    f: impl for<'a> WidgetEventFn<
-                        <$state as HasState>::State,
-                        <E::Event as Event>::Data<'a>,
-                        WL::Widget
-                    >,
-                ) -> impl WidgetIdFn<$state, WL::Widget>;
-            }
-            impl<WL: WidgetLike<$state, Tag>, Tag> EventableCtx<WL, Tag> for WL {
-                fn on<E: EventLike>(
-                    self,
-                    event: E,
-                    f: impl for<'a> WidgetEventFn<
-                        <$state as HasState>::State,
-                        <E::Event as Event>::Data<'a>,
-                        WL::Widget
-                    >,
-                ) -> impl WidgetIdFn<$state, WL::Widget> {
-                    eventable::Eventable::on(self, event, f)
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        $vis type EventManager = $crate::prelude::EventManager<<$state as HasState>::State>;
-        $vis use local_event_trait::*;
-    };
-}
-pub use event_state;

src/widget/image.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-use crate::prelude::*;
 use image::DynamicImage;
+use crate::prelude::*;
 
 pub struct Image {
     handle: TextureHandle,
@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ impl Widget for Image {
     }
 }
 
-pub fn image<State: HasUi>(image: impl LoadableImage) -> impl WidgetFn<State, Image> {
+pub fn image(image: impl LoadableImage) -> impl WidgetFn<Image> {
     let image = image.get_image().expect("Failed to load image");
-    move |state| Image {
+    move |ui| Image {
-        handle: state.get_mut().add_texture(image),
+        handle: ui.add_texture(image),
     }
 }
 

src/widget/mod.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ mod mask;
 mod position;
 mod ptr;
 mod rect;
+mod sense;
 mod text;
 mod trait_fns;
 
@@ -11,5 +12,6 @@ pub use mask::*;
 pub use position::*;
 pub use ptr::*;
 pub use rect::*;
+pub use sense::*;
 pub use text::*;
 pub use trait_fns::*;

src/widget/position/span.rs

@@ -62,14 +62,6 @@ impl Span {
         self
     }
 
-    pub fn push(&mut self, w: WidgetHandle) {
-        self.children.push(w);
-    }
-
-    pub fn pop(&mut self) -> Option<WidgetHandle> {
-        self.children.pop()
-    }
-
     fn len_sum(&mut self, ctx: &mut SizeCtx) -> Len {
         let gap = self.gap * self.children.len().saturating_sub(1) as f32;
         self.children.iter().fold(Len::abs(gap), |mut s, id| {
@@ -152,31 +144,28 @@ impl Span {
     }
 }
 
-pub struct SpanBuilder<State, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag> {
+pub struct SpanBuilder<const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<LEN, Tag>, Tag> {
     pub children: Wa,
     pub dir: Dir,
     pub gap: f32,
-    _pd: PhantomData<(State, Tag)>,
+    _pd: PhantomData<Tag>,
 }
 
-impl<State: StateLike<State>, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag>
+impl<const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<LEN, Tag>, Tag> FnOnce<(&mut Ui,)>
-    WidgetFnTrait<State> for SpanBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag>
+    for SpanBuilder<LEN, Wa, Tag>
 {
-    type Widget = Span;
+    type Output = Span;
 
-    #[track_caller]
+    extern "rust-call" fn call_once(self, args: (&mut Ui,)) -> Self::Output {
-    fn run(self, state: &mut State) -> Self::Widget {
         Span {
-            children: self.children.add(state).arr.into_iter().collect(),
+            children: self.children.ui(args.0).arr.into_iter().collect(),
             dir: self.dir,
             gap: self.gap,
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<State, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag>
+impl<const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<LEN, Tag>, Tag> SpanBuilder<LEN, Wa, Tag> {
-    SpanBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag>
-{
     pub fn new(children: Wa, dir: Dir) -> Self {
         Self {
             children,

src/widget/position/stack.rs

@@ -42,28 +42,26 @@ pub enum StackSize {
     Child(usize),
 }
 
-pub struct StackBuilder<State, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag> {
+pub struct StackBuilder<const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<LEN, Tag>, Tag> {
     pub children: Wa,
     pub size: StackSize,
-    _pd: PhantomData<(State, Tag)>,
+    _pd: PhantomData<Tag>,
 }
 
-impl<State: StateLike<State>, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag> FnOnce<(&mut State,)>
+impl<const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<LEN, Tag>, Tag> FnOnce<(&mut Ui,)>
-    for StackBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag>
+    for StackBuilder<LEN, Wa, Tag>
 {
     type Output = Stack;
 
-    extern "rust-call" fn call_once(self, args: (&mut State,)) -> Self::Output {
+    extern "rust-call" fn call_once(self, args: (&mut Ui,)) -> Self::Output {
         Stack {
-            children: self.children.add(args.0).arr.into_iter().collect(),
+            children: self.children.ui(args.0).arr.into_iter().collect(),
             size: self.size,
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<State, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag>
+impl<const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<LEN, Tag>, Tag> StackBuilder<LEN, Wa, Tag> {
-    StackBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag>
-{
     pub fn new(children: Wa) -> Self {
         Self {
             children,

src/widget/ptr.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
-use std::marker::{Sized, Unsize};
 
+#[derive(Default)]
 pub struct WidgetPtr {
     pub inner: Option<WidgetHandle>,
 }
@@ -28,30 +28,3 @@ impl Widget for WidgetPtr {
         }
     }
 }
-
-impl WidgetPtr {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self::default()
-    }
-    pub fn empty() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            inner: Default::default(),
-        }
-    }
-    pub fn set<W: ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>>(&mut self, to: WidgetHandle<W>) {
-        self.inner = Some(to)
-    }
-
-    pub fn replace<W: ?Sized + Unsize<dyn Widget>>(
-        &mut self,
-        to: WidgetHandle<W>,
-    ) -> Option<WidgetHandle> {
-        self.inner.replace(to)
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for WidgetPtr {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self::empty()
-    }
-}

src/widget/sense.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use crate::layout::{UiRegion, Vec2};
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use std::{
     ops::{BitOr, Deref, DerefMut},
@@ -134,26 +135,33 @@ pub struct CursorData<'a> {
     pub scroll_delta: Vec2,
     pub hover: ActivationState,
     pub cursor: &'a CursorState,
+    pub ui: &'a mut Ui,
     /// the first sense that triggered this
     pub sense: CursorSense,
 }
 
-pub trait SensorUi<State> {
+pub trait SensorUi {
-    fn run_sensors(&mut self, cursor: &CursorState, window_size: Vec2);
+    fn run_sensors<Ctx: 'static>(&mut self, ctx: &mut Ctx, cursor: &CursorState, window_size: Vec2);
 }
 
-impl<State: RunEvents> SensorUi<State> for State {
+impl SensorUi for Ui {
-    fn run_sensors(&mut self, cursor: &CursorState, window_size: Vec2) {
+    fn run_sensors<Ctx: 'static>(
-        let layers = std::mem::take(&mut self.ui_mut().layers);
+        &mut self,
-        let mut active = std::mem::take(&mut self.events_mut().get_type::<CursorSense>().active);
+        ctx: &mut Ctx,
-        for layer in layers.indices().rev() {
+        cursor: &CursorState,
+        window_size: Vec2,
+    ) {
+        let ui_id = self.id();
+        let layers = std::mem::take(&mut self.data_mut().layers);
+        let mut active = std::mem::take(&mut *Events::<CursorSenses, Ctx>::active(ui_id));
+        for i in layers.indices().rev() {
             let mut sensed = false;
-            for (id, sensor) in active.get_mut(&layer).into_iter().flatten() {
+            for (id, state) in active.get_mut(&i).into_iter().flatten() {
-                let shape = self.ui().active.get(id).unwrap().region;
+                let shape = self.active().get(id).unwrap().region;
                 let region = shape.to_px(window_size);
                 let in_shape = cursor.exists && region.contains(cursor.pos);
-                sensor.hover.update(in_shape);
+                state.hover.update(in_shape);
-                if sensor.hover == ActivationState::Off {
+                if state.hover == ActivationState::Off {
                     continue;
                 }
                 sensed = true;
@@ -162,20 +170,22 @@ impl<State: RunEvents> SensorUi<State> for State {
                     pos: cursor.pos - region.top_left,
                     size: region.bot_right - region.top_left,
                     scroll_delta: cursor.scroll_delta,
-                    hover: sensor.hover,
+                    hover: state.hover,
                     cursor,
+                    ui: self,
                     // this does not have any meaning;
                     // might wanna set up Event to have a prepare stage
                     sense: CursorSense::Hovering,
                 };
-                self.run_event::<CursorSense>(*id, &mut data);
+                Events::<CursorSenses, Ctx>::run(*id, &mut data, ctx);
             }
             if sensed {
                 break;
             }
         }
-        self.events_mut().get_type::<CursorSense>().active = active;
+
-        self.ui_mut().layers = layers;
+        *Events::<CursorSenses, Ctx>::active(ui_id) = active;
+        self.data_mut().layers = layers;
     }
 }
 
@@ -243,10 +253,10 @@ impl ActivationState {
     }
 }
 
-impl EventLike for CursorSense {
+impl EventAlias for CursorSense {
     type Event = CursorSenses;
     fn into_event(self) -> Self::Event {
-        self.into()
+        CursorSenses::from(self)
     }
 }
 

src/widget/text/build.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 use crate::prelude::*;
 use cosmic_text::{Attrs, Family, Metrics};
-use std::marker::{PhantomData, Sized};
+use std::marker::Sized;
 
-pub struct TextBuilder<State, O = TextOutput, H: WidgetOption<State> = ()> {
+pub struct TextBuilder<O = TextOutput, H: WidgetOption = ()> {
     pub content: String,
     pub attrs: TextAttrs,
     pub hint: H,
     pub output: O,
-    state: PhantomData<State>,
 }
 
-impl<State, O, H: WidgetOption<State>> TextBuilder<State, O, H> {
+impl<O, H: WidgetOption> TextBuilder<O, H> {
     pub fn size(mut self, size: impl UiNum) -> Self {
         self.attrs.font_size = size.to_f32();
         self.attrs.line_height = self.attrs.font_size * LINE_HEIGHT_MULT;
@@ -40,54 +39,43 @@ impl<State, O, H: WidgetOption<State>> TextBuilder<State, O, H> {
         self.attrs.wrap = wrap;
         self
     }
-    pub fn editable(self, mode: EditMode) -> TextBuilder<State, TextEditOutput, H> {
+    pub fn editable(self, single_line: bool) -> TextBuilder<TextEditOutput, H> {
         TextBuilder {
             content: self.content,
             attrs: self.attrs,
             hint: self.hint,
-            output: TextEditOutput { mode },
+            output: TextEditOutput { single_line },
-            state: PhantomData,
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<State: HasUi + StateLike<State>, O> TextBuilder<State, O> {
+impl<O> TextBuilder<O> {
-    pub fn hint<W: WidgetLike<State, Tag>, Tag>(
+    pub fn hint<W: WidgetLike<Tag>, Tag>(self, hint: W) -> TextBuilder<O, impl WidgetOption> {
-        self,
-        hint: W,
-    ) -> TextBuilder<State, O, impl WidgetOption<State>> {
         TextBuilder {
             content: self.content,
             attrs: self.attrs,
-            hint: move |ui: &mut State| Some(hint.add_strong(ui).any()),
+            hint: move |ui: &mut Ui| Some(hint.add(ui).any()),
             output: self.output,
-            state: PhantomData,
         }
     }
 }
 
-pub trait TextBuilderOutput<State>: Sized {
+pub trait TextBuilderOutput: Sized {
     type Output;
-    fn run<H: WidgetOption<State>>(
+    fn run<H: WidgetOption>(ui: &mut Ui, builder: TextBuilder<Self, H>) -> Self::Output;
-        state: &mut State,
-        builder: TextBuilder<State, Self, H>,
-    ) -> Self::Output;
 }
 
 pub struct TextOutput;
-impl<State: HasUi> TextBuilderOutput<State> for TextOutput {
+impl TextBuilderOutput for TextOutput {
     type Output = Text;
 
-    fn run<H: WidgetOption<State>>(
+    fn run<H: WidgetOption>(ui: &mut Ui, builder: TextBuilder<Self, H>) -> Self::Output {
-        state: &mut State,
-        builder: TextBuilder<State, Self, H>,
-    ) -> Self::Output {
         let mut buf = TextBuffer::new_empty(Metrics::new(
             builder.attrs.font_size,
             builder.attrs.line_height,
         ));
-        let hint = builder.hint.get(state);
+        let hint = builder.hint.get(ui);
-        let font_system = &mut state.get_mut().text.font_system;
+        let font_system = &mut ui.data().text.get_mut().font_system;
         buf.set_text(font_system, &builder.content, &Attrs::new(), SHAPING, None);
         let mut text = Text {
             content: builder.content.into(),
@@ -100,25 +88,22 @@ impl<State: HasUi> TextBuilderOutput<State> for TextOutput {
 }
 
 pub struct TextEditOutput {
-    mode: EditMode,
+    single_line: bool,
 }
-
+impl TextBuilderOutput for TextEditOutput {
-impl<State: HasUi> TextBuilderOutput<State> for TextEditOutput {
     type Output = TextEdit;
 
-    fn run<H: WidgetOption<State>>(
+    fn run<H: WidgetOption>(ui: &mut Ui, builder: TextBuilder<Self, H>) -> Self::Output {
-        state: &mut State,
-        builder: TextBuilder<State, Self, H>,
-    ) -> Self::Output {
         let buf = TextBuffer::new_empty(Metrics::new(
             builder.attrs.font_size,
             builder.attrs.line_height,
         ));
         let mut text = TextEdit::new(
-            TextView::new(buf, builder.attrs, builder.hint.get(state)),
+            TextView::new(buf, builder.attrs, builder.hint.get(ui)),
-            builder.output.mode,
+            builder.output.single_line,
+            ui.data().text.clone(),
         );
-        let font_system = &mut state.get_mut().text.font_system;
+        let font_system = &mut ui.data().text.get_mut().font_system;
         text.buf
             .set_text(font_system, &builder.content, &Attrs::new(), SHAPING, None);
         builder.attrs.apply(font_system, &mut text.buf, None);
@@ -126,22 +111,19 @@ impl<State: HasUi> TextBuilderOutput<State> for TextEditOutput {
     }
 }
 
-impl<State, O: TextBuilderOutput<State>, H: WidgetOption<State>> FnOnce<(&mut State,)>
+impl<O: TextBuilderOutput, H: WidgetOption> FnOnce<(&mut Ui,)> for TextBuilder<O, H> {
-    for TextBuilder<State, O, H>
-{
     type Output = O::Output;
 
-    extern "rust-call" fn call_once(self, args: (&mut State,)) -> Self::Output {
+    extern "rust-call" fn call_once(self, args: (&mut Ui,)) -> Self::Output {
         O::run(args.0, self)
     }
 }
 
-pub fn wtext<State>(content: impl Into<String>) -> TextBuilder<State> {
+pub fn wtext(content: impl Into<String>) -> TextBuilder {
     TextBuilder {
         content: content.into(),
         attrs: TextAttrs::default(),
         hint: (),
         output: TextOutput,
-        state: PhantomData,
     }
 }

src/widget/text/edit.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-use crate::prelude::*;
-use cosmic_text::{Affinity, Attrs, Cursor, FontSystem, LayoutRun, Motion};
 use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
+
+use crate::prelude::*;
+use cosmic_text::{Affinity, Attrs, Cursor, LayoutRun, Motion};
 use unicode_segmentation::UnicodeSegmentation;
 use winit::{
     event::KeyEvent,
@@ -12,23 +13,19 @@ pub struct TextEdit {
     selection: TextSelection,
     history: Vec<(String, TextSelection)>,
     double_hit: Option<Cursor>,
-    pub mode: EditMode,
+    data: TextData,
-}
+    pub single_line: bool,
-
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
-pub enum EditMode {
-    SingleLine,
-    MultiLine,
 }
 
 impl TextEdit {
-    pub fn new(view: TextView, mode: EditMode) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(view: TextView, single_line: bool, data: TextData) -> Self {
         Self {
             view,
             selection: Default::default(),
             history: Default::default(),
             double_hit: None,
-            mode,
+            single_line,
+            data,
         }
     }
     pub fn select_content(&self, start: Cursor, end: Cursor) -> String {
@@ -47,6 +44,369 @@ impl TextEdit {
             str
         }
     }
+
+    pub fn take(&mut self) -> String {
+        let text = self
+            .buf
+            .lines
+            .drain(..)
+            .map(|l| l.into_text())
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+            .join("\n");
+        self.set("");
+        text
+    }
+
+    pub fn set(&mut self, text: &str) {
+        let text = self.string(text);
+        self.view.buf.set_text(
+            &mut self.data.get_mut().font_system,
+            &text,
+            &Attrs::new(),
+            SHAPING,
+            None,
+        );
+        self.selection.clear();
+    }
+
+    pub fn motion(&mut self, motion: Motion, select: bool) {
+        if let TextSelection::Pos(cursor) = self.selection
+            && let Some(new) = self.buf_motion(cursor, motion)
+        {
+            self.selection = if select {
+                TextSelection::Span {
+                    start: cursor,
+                    end: new,
+                }
+            } else {
+                TextSelection::Pos(new)
+            };
+        } else if let TextSelection::Span { start, end } = self.selection {
+            if select {
+                if let Some(cursor) = self.buf_motion(end, motion) {
+                    self.selection = TextSelection::Span { start, end: cursor };
+                }
+            } else {
+                let (start, end) = sort_cursors(start, end);
+                match motion {
+                    Motion::Left | Motion::LeftWord => self.selection = TextSelection::Pos(start),
+                    Motion::Right | Motion::RightWord => self.selection = TextSelection::Pos(end),
+                    _ => {
+                        if let Some(cursor) = self.buf_motion(end, motion) {
+                            self.selection = TextSelection::Pos(cursor);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn replace(&mut self, len: usize, text: &str) {
+        let text = self.string(text);
+        for _ in 0..len {
+            self.delete(false);
+        }
+        self.insert_inner(&text, false);
+    }
+
+    fn string(&self, text: &str) -> String {
+        if self.single_line {
+            text.replace('\n', "")
+        } else {
+            text.to_string()
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn insert(&mut self, text: &str) {
+        let text = self.string(text);
+        let mut lines = text.split('\n');
+        let Some(first) = lines.next() else {
+            return;
+        };
+        self.insert_inner(first, true);
+        for line in lines {
+            self.newline();
+            self.insert_inner(line, true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn clear_span(&mut self) -> bool {
+        if let TextSelection::Span { start, end } = self.selection {
+            self.delete_between(start, end);
+            let (start, _) = sort_cursors(start, end);
+            self.selection = TextSelection::Pos(start);
+            true
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn delete_between(&mut self, start: Cursor, end: Cursor) {
+        let lines = &mut self.view.buf.lines;
+        let (start, end) = sort_cursors(start, end);
+        if start.line == end.line {
+            let line = &mut lines[start.line];
+            let text = line.text();
+            let text = text[..start.index].to_string() + &text[end.index..];
+            edit_line(line, text);
+        } else {
+            // start
+            let start_text = lines[start.line].text()[..start.index].to_string();
+            let end_text = &lines[end.line].text()[end.index..];
+            let text = start_text + end_text;
+            edit_line(&mut lines[start.line], text);
+        }
+        // between
+        let range = (start.line + 1)..=end.line;
+        if !range.is_empty() {
+            lines.splice(range, None);
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn insert_inner(&mut self, text: &str, mov: bool) {
+        self.clear_span();
+        if let TextSelection::Pos(cursor) = self.selection {
+            let line = &mut self.view.buf.lines[cursor.line];
+            let mut line_text = line.text().to_string();
+            line_text.insert_str(cursor.index, text);
+            edit_line(line, line_text);
+            if mov {
+                for _ in 0..text.chars().count() {
+                    self.motion(Motion::Right, false);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn newline(&mut self) {
+        if self.single_line {
+            return;
+        }
+        self.clear_span();
+        if let TextSelection::Pos(cursor) = &mut self.selection {
+            let lines = &mut self.view.buf.lines;
+            let line = &mut lines[cursor.line];
+            let new = line.split_off(cursor.index);
+            cursor.line += 1;
+            lines.insert(cursor.line, new);
+            cursor.index = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn backspace(&mut self, word: bool) {
+        if !self.clear_span()
+            && let TextSelection::Pos(cursor) = &mut self.selection
+            && (cursor.index != 0 || cursor.line != 0)
+        {
+            self.motion(if word { Motion::LeftWord } else { Motion::Left }, false);
+            self.delete(word);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn delete(&mut self, word: bool) {
+        if self.clear_span() {
+            return;
+        }
+        if let TextSelection::Pos(cursor) = &mut self.selection {
+            if word {
+                let start = *cursor;
+                if let Some(end) = self.buf_motion(start, Motion::RightWord) {
+                    self.delete_between(start, end);
+                }
+            } else {
+                let lines = &mut self.view.buf.lines;
+                let line = &mut lines[cursor.line];
+                if cursor.index == line.text().len() {
+                    if cursor.line == lines.len() - 1 {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    let add = lines.remove(cursor.line + 1).into_text();
+                    let line = &mut lines[cursor.line];
+                    let mut cur = line.text().to_string();
+                    cur.push_str(&add);
+                    edit_line(line, cur);
+                } else {
+                    let mut text = line.text().to_string();
+                    text.remove(cursor.index);
+                    edit_line(line, text);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn buf_motion(&mut self, cursor: Cursor, motion: Motion) -> Option<Cursor> {
+        self.view
+            .buf
+            .cursor_motion(
+                &mut self.data.get_mut().font_system,
+                cursor,
+                None,
+                motion,
+            )
+            .map(|r| r.0)
+    }
+
+    pub fn select_word_at(&mut self, cursor: Cursor) {
+        if let (Some(start), Some(end)) = (
+            self.buf_motion(cursor, Motion::LeftWord),
+            self.buf_motion(cursor, Motion::RightWord),
+        ) {
+            self.selection = TextSelection::Span { start, end };
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn select_line_at(&mut self, cursor: Cursor) {
+        let end = self.buf.lines[cursor.line].text().len();
+        self.selection = TextSelection::Span {
+            start: Cursor::new(cursor.line, 0),
+            end: Cursor::new(cursor.line, end),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn select(&mut self, pos: Vec2, size: Vec2, drag: bool, recent: bool) {
+        let pos = pos - self.region().top_left().to_abs(size);
+        let hit = self.buf.hit(pos.x, pos.y);
+        let sel = &mut self.selection;
+        match sel {
+            TextSelection::None => {
+                if !drag && let Some(hit) = hit {
+                    *sel = TextSelection::Pos(hit)
+                }
+            }
+            TextSelection::Pos(pos) => match (hit, drag) {
+                (None, false) => *sel = TextSelection::None,
+                (None, true) => (),
+                (Some(hit), false) => {
+                    if recent && hit == *pos {
+                        self.double_hit = Some(hit);
+                        return self.select_word_at(hit);
+                    } else {
+                        *pos = hit
+                    }
+                }
+                (Some(end), true) => *sel = TextSelection::Span { start: *pos, end },
+            },
+            TextSelection::Span { start, end } => match (hit, drag) {
+                (None, false) => *sel = TextSelection::None,
+                (None, true) => *sel = TextSelection::Pos(*start),
+                (Some(hit), false) => {
+                    if recent
+                        && let Some(double) = self.double_hit
+                        && double == hit
+                    {
+                        return self.select_line_at(hit);
+                    } else {
+                        *sel = TextSelection::Pos(hit)
+                    }
+                }
+                (Some(hit), true) => *end = hit,
+            },
+        }
+        if let TextSelection::Span { start, end } = sel
+            && start == end
+        {
+            *sel = TextSelection::Pos(*start);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn deselect(&mut self) {
+        self.selection = TextSelection::None;
+    }
+
+    pub fn apply_event(&mut self, event: &KeyEvent, modifiers: &Modifiers) -> TextInputResult {
+        let old = (self.content(), self.selection);
+        let mut undo = false;
+        let res = self.apply_event_inner(event, modifiers, &mut undo);
+        if undo && let Some((old, selection)) = self.history.pop() {
+            self.set(&old);
+            self.selection = selection;
+        } else if self.content() != old.0 {
+            self.history.push(old);
+        }
+        res
+    }
+
+    fn apply_event_inner(
+        &mut self,
+        event: &KeyEvent,
+        modifiers: &Modifiers,
+        undo: &mut bool,
+    ) -> TextInputResult {
+        match &event.logical_key {
+            Key::Named(named) => match named {
+                NamedKey::Backspace => self.backspace(modifiers.control),
+                NamedKey::Delete => self.delete(modifiers.control),
+                NamedKey::Space => self.insert(" "),
+                NamedKey::Enter => {
+                    if modifiers.shift {
+                        self.newline();
+                    } else {
+                        return TextInputResult::Submit;
+                    }
+                }
+                NamedKey::ArrowRight => {
+                    if modifiers.control {
+                        self.motion(Motion::RightWord, modifiers.shift)
+                    } else {
+                        self.motion(Motion::Right, modifiers.shift)
+                    }
+                }
+                NamedKey::ArrowLeft => {
+                    if modifiers.control {
+                        self.motion(Motion::LeftWord, modifiers.shift)
+                    } else {
+                        self.motion(Motion::Left, modifiers.shift)
+                    }
+                }
+                NamedKey::ArrowUp => self.motion(Motion::Up, modifiers.shift),
+                NamedKey::ArrowDown => self.motion(Motion::Down, modifiers.shift),
+                NamedKey::Escape => {
+                    self.deselect();
+                    return TextInputResult::Unfocus;
+                }
+                _ => return TextInputResult::Unused,
+            },
+            Key::Character(text) => {
+                if modifiers.control {
+                    match text.as_str() {
+                        "v" => return TextInputResult::Paste,
+                        "c" => {
+                            if let TextSelection::Span { start, end } = self.selection {
+                                let content = self.select_content(start, end);
+                                return TextInputResult::Copy(content);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        "x" => {
+                            if let TextSelection::Span { start, end } = self.selection {
+                                let content = self.select_content(start, end);
+                                self.clear_span();
+                                return TextInputResult::Copy(content);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        "a" => {
+                            if !self.buf.lines[0].text().is_empty() || self.buf.lines.len() > 1 {
+                                let lines = &self.buf.lines;
+                                let last_line = lines.len() - 1;
+                                let last_idx = lines[last_line].text().len();
+                                self.selection = TextSelection::Span {
+                                    start: Cursor::new(0, 0),
+                                    end: Cursor::new(last_line, last_idx),
+                                };
+                            }
+                        }
+                        "z" => {
+                            *undo = true;
+                        }
+                        _ => self.insert(text),
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    self.insert(text);
+                }
+            }
+            _ => return TextInputResult::Unused,
+        }
+        TextInputResult::Used
+    }
 }
 
 impl Widget for TextEdit {
@@ -180,373 +540,6 @@ fn cursor_pos(cursor: Cursor, buf: &TextBuffer) -> Option<Vec2> {
     prev
 }
 
-pub struct TextEditCtx<'a> {
-    pub text: &'a mut TextEdit,
-    pub font_system: &'a mut FontSystem,
-}
-
-impl<'a> TextEditCtx<'a> {
-    pub fn take(&mut self) -> String {
-        let text = self
-            .text
-            .buf
-            .lines
-            .drain(..)
-            .map(|l| l.into_text())
-            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-            .join("\n");
-        self.text
-            .buf
-            .set_text(self.font_system, "", &Attrs::new(), SHAPING, None);
-        self.text.selection.clear();
-        text
-    }
-
-    pub fn set(&mut self, text: &str) {
-        let text = self.string(text);
-        self.text
-            .buf
-            .set_text(self.font_system, &text, &Attrs::new(), SHAPING, None);
-        self.text.selection.clear();
-    }
-
-    pub fn motion(&mut self, motion: Motion, select: bool) {
-        if let TextSelection::Pos(cursor) = self.text.selection
-            && let Some(new) = self.buf_motion(cursor, motion)
-        {
-            if select {
-                self.text.selection = TextSelection::Span {
-                    start: cursor,
-                    end: new,
-                };
-            } else {
-                self.text.selection = TextSelection::Pos(new);
-            }
-        } else if let TextSelection::Span { start, end } = self.text.selection {
-            if select {
-                if let Some(cursor) = self.buf_motion(end, motion) {
-                    self.text.selection = TextSelection::Span { start, end: cursor };
-                }
-            } else {
-                let (start, end) = sort_cursors(start, end);
-                let sel = &mut self.text.selection;
-                match motion {
-                    Motion::Left | Motion::LeftWord => *sel = TextSelection::Pos(start),
-                    Motion::Right | Motion::RightWord => *sel = TextSelection::Pos(end),
-                    _ => {
-                        if let Some(cursor) = self.buf_motion(end, motion) {
-                            self.text.selection = TextSelection::Pos(cursor);
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn replace(&mut self, len: usize, text: &str) {
-        let text = self.string(text);
-        for _ in 0..len {
-            self.delete(false);
-        }
-        self.insert_inner(&text, false);
-    }
-
-    fn string(&self, text: &str) -> String {
-        if self.text.mode == EditMode::SingleLine {
-            text.replace('\n', "")
-        } else {
-            text.to_string()
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn insert(&mut self, text: &str) {
-        let text = self.string(text);
-        let mut lines = text.split('\n');
-        let Some(first) = lines.next() else {
-            return;
-        };
-        self.insert_inner(first, true);
-        for line in lines {
-            self.newline();
-            self.insert_inner(line, true);
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn clear_span(&mut self) -> bool {
-        if let TextSelection::Span { start, end } = self.text.selection {
-            self.delete_between(start, end);
-            let (start, _) = sort_cursors(start, end);
-            self.text.selection = TextSelection::Pos(start);
-            true
-        } else {
-            false
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn delete_between(&mut self, start: Cursor, end: Cursor) {
-        let lines = &mut self.text.view.buf.lines;
-        let (start, end) = sort_cursors(start, end);
-        if start.line == end.line {
-            let line = &mut lines[start.line];
-            let text = line.text();
-            let text = text[..start.index].to_string() + &text[end.index..];
-            edit_line(line, text);
-        } else {
-            // start
-            let start_text = lines[start.line].text()[..start.index].to_string();
-            let end_text = &lines[end.line].text()[end.index..];
-            let text = start_text + end_text;
-            edit_line(&mut lines[start.line], text);
-        }
-        // between
-        let range = (start.line + 1)..=end.line;
-        if !range.is_empty() {
-            lines.splice(range, None);
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn insert_inner(&mut self, text: &str, mov: bool) {
-        self.clear_span();
-        if let TextSelection::Pos(cursor) = &mut self.text.selection {
-            let line = &mut self.text.view.buf.lines[cursor.line];
-            let mut line_text = line.text().to_string();
-            line_text.insert_str(cursor.index, text);
-            edit_line(line, line_text);
-            if mov {
-                for _ in 0..text.chars().count() {
-                    self.motion(Motion::Right, false);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn newline(&mut self) {
-        if self.text.mode == EditMode::SingleLine {
-            return;
-        }
-        self.clear_span();
-        if let TextSelection::Pos(cursor) = &mut self.text.selection {
-            let lines = &mut self.text.view.buf.lines;
-            let line = &mut lines[cursor.line];
-            let new = line.split_off(cursor.index);
-            cursor.line += 1;
-            lines.insert(cursor.line, new);
-            cursor.index = 0;
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn backspace(&mut self, word: bool) {
-        if !self.clear_span()
-            && let TextSelection::Pos(cursor) = &mut self.text.selection
-            && (cursor.index != 0 || cursor.line != 0)
-        {
-            self.motion(if word { Motion::LeftWord } else { Motion::Left }, false);
-            self.delete(word);
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn delete(&mut self, word: bool) {
-        if !self.clear_span()
-            && let TextSelection::Pos(cursor) = &mut self.text.selection
-        {
-            if word {
-                let start = *cursor;
-                if let Some(end) = self.buf_motion(start, Motion::RightWord) {
-                    self.delete_between(start, end);
-                }
-            } else {
-                let lines = &mut self.text.view.buf.lines;
-                let line = &mut lines[cursor.line];
-                if cursor.index == line.text().len() {
-                    if cursor.line == lines.len() - 1 {
-                        return;
-                    }
-                    let add = lines.remove(cursor.line + 1).into_text();
-                    let line = &mut lines[cursor.line];
-                    let mut cur = line.text().to_string();
-                    cur.push_str(&add);
-                    edit_line(line, cur);
-                } else {
-                    let mut text = line.text().to_string();
-                    text.remove(cursor.index);
-                    edit_line(line, text);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn buf_motion(&mut self, cursor: Cursor, motion: Motion) -> Option<Cursor> {
-        self.text
-            .buf
-            .cursor_motion(self.font_system, cursor, None, motion)
-            .map(|r| r.0)
-    }
-
-    pub fn select_word_at(&mut self, cursor: Cursor) {
-        if let (Some(start), Some(end)) = (
-            self.buf_motion(cursor, Motion::LeftWord),
-            self.buf_motion(cursor, Motion::RightWord),
-        ) {
-            self.text.selection = TextSelection::Span { start, end };
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn select_line_at(&mut self, cursor: Cursor) {
-        let end = self.text.buf.lines[cursor.line].text().len();
-        self.text.selection = TextSelection::Span {
-            start: Cursor::new(cursor.line, 0),
-            end: Cursor::new(cursor.line, end),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn select(&mut self, pos: Vec2, size: Vec2, drag: bool, recent: bool) {
-        let pos = pos - self.text.region().top_left().to_abs(size);
-        let hit = self.text.buf.hit(pos.x, pos.y);
-        let sel = &mut self.text.selection;
-        match sel {
-            TextSelection::None => {
-                if !drag && let Some(hit) = hit {
-                    *sel = TextSelection::Pos(hit)
-                }
-            }
-            TextSelection::Pos(pos) => match (hit, drag) {
-                (None, false) => *sel = TextSelection::None,
-                (None, true) => (),
-                (Some(hit), false) => {
-                    if recent && hit == *pos {
-                        self.text.double_hit = Some(hit);
-                        return self.select_word_at(hit);
-                    } else {
-                        *pos = hit
-                    }
-                }
-                (Some(end), true) => *sel = TextSelection::Span { start: *pos, end },
-            },
-            TextSelection::Span { start, end } => match (hit, drag) {
-                (None, false) => *sel = TextSelection::None,
-                (None, true) => *sel = TextSelection::Pos(*start),
-                (Some(hit), false) => {
-                    if recent
-                        && let Some(double) = self.text.double_hit
-                        && double == hit
-                    {
-                        return self.select_line_at(hit);
-                    } else {
-                        *sel = TextSelection::Pos(hit)
-                    }
-                }
-                (Some(hit), true) => *end = hit,
-            },
-        }
-        if let TextSelection::Span { start, end } = sel
-            && start == end
-        {
-            *sel = TextSelection::Pos(*start);
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn deselect(&mut self) {
-        self.text.selection = TextSelection::None;
-    }
-
-    pub fn apply_event(&mut self, event: &KeyEvent, modifiers: &Modifiers) -> TextInputResult {
-        let old = (self.text.content(), self.text.selection);
-        let mut undo = false;
-        let res = self.apply_event_inner(event, modifiers, &mut undo);
-        if undo && let Some((old, selection)) = self.text.history.pop() {
-            self.set(&old);
-            self.text.selection = selection;
-        } else if self.text.content() != old.0 {
-            self.text.history.push(old);
-        }
-        res
-    }
-
-    fn apply_event_inner(
-        &mut self,
-        event: &KeyEvent,
-        modifiers: &Modifiers,
-        undo: &mut bool,
-    ) -> TextInputResult {
-        match &event.logical_key {
-            Key::Named(named) => match named {
-                NamedKey::Backspace => self.backspace(modifiers.control),
-                NamedKey::Delete => self.delete(modifiers.control),
-                NamedKey::Space => self.insert(" "),
-                NamedKey::Enter => {
-                    if modifiers.shift {
-                        self.newline();
-                    } else {
-                        return TextInputResult::Submit;
-                    }
-                }
-                NamedKey::ArrowRight => {
-                    if modifiers.control {
-                        self.motion(Motion::RightWord, modifiers.shift)
-                    } else {
-                        self.motion(Motion::Right, modifiers.shift)
-                    }
-                }
-                NamedKey::ArrowLeft => {
-                    if modifiers.control {
-                        self.motion(Motion::LeftWord, modifiers.shift)
-                    } else {
-                        self.motion(Motion::Left, modifiers.shift)
-                    }
-                }
-                NamedKey::ArrowUp => self.motion(Motion::Up, modifiers.shift),
-                NamedKey::ArrowDown => self.motion(Motion::Down, modifiers.shift),
-                NamedKey::Escape => {
-                    self.deselect();
-                    return TextInputResult::Unfocus;
-                }
-                _ => return TextInputResult::Unused,
-            },
-            Key::Character(text) => {
-                if modifiers.control {
-                    match text.as_str() {
-                        "v" => return TextInputResult::Paste,
-                        "c" => {
-                            if let TextSelection::Span { start, end } = self.text.selection {
-                                let content = self.text.select_content(start, end);
-                                return TextInputResult::Copy(content);
-                            }
-                        }
-                        "x" => {
-                            if let TextSelection::Span { start, end } = self.text.selection {
-                                let content = self.text.select_content(start, end);
-                                self.clear_span();
-                                return TextInputResult::Copy(content);
-                            }
-                        }
-                        "a" => {
-                            if !self.text.buf.lines[0].text().is_empty()
-                                || self.text.buf.lines.len() > 1
-                            {
-                                let lines = &self.text.buf.lines;
-                                let last_line = lines.len() - 1;
-                                let last_idx = lines[last_line].text().len();
-                                self.text.selection = TextSelection::Span {
-                                    start: Cursor::new(0, 0),
-                                    end: Cursor::new(last_line, last_idx),
-                                };
-                            }
-                        }
-                        "z" => {
-                            *undo = true;
-                        }
-                        _ => self.insert(text),
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    self.insert(text);
-                }
-            }
-            _ => return TextInputResult::Unused,
-        }
-        TextInputResult::Used
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct Modifiers {
     pub shift: bool,
@@ -615,17 +608,3 @@ impl DerefMut for TextEdit {
         &mut self.view
     }
 }
-
-pub trait TextEditable {
-    fn edit<'a>(&self, ui: &'a mut impl HasUi) -> TextEditCtx<'a>;
-}
-
-impl<I: IdLike<Widget = TextEdit>> TextEditable for I {
-    fn edit<'a>(&self, ui: &'a mut impl HasUi) -> TextEditCtx<'a> {
-        let ui = ui.ui_mut();
-        TextEditCtx {
-            text: ui.widgets.get_mut(self).unwrap(),
-            font_system: &mut ui.text.font_system,
-        }
-    }
-}

src/widget/text/mod.rs

@@ -3,9 +3,8 @@ mod edit;
 
 pub use build::*;
 pub use edit::*;
-use iris_core::util::MutDetect;
 
-use crate::prelude::*;
+use crate::{prelude::*, util::MutDetect};
 use cosmic_text::{Attrs, BufferLine, Cursor, Metrics, Shaping};
 use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
 
@@ -68,9 +67,12 @@ impl TextView {
             return tex.clone();
         }
         self.width = width;
-        let font_system = &mut ctx.text.font_system;
+        let mut text_data = ctx.text.get_mut();
-        self.attrs.apply(font_system, &mut self.buf, width);
+        self.attrs
-        self.buf.shape_until_scroll(font_system, false);
+            .apply(&mut text_data.font_system, &mut self.buf, width);
+        self.buf
+            .shape_until_scroll(&mut text_data.font_system, false);
+        drop(text_data);
         let tex = ctx.draw_text(&mut self.buf, &self.attrs);
         self.tex = Some(tex.clone());
         self.attrs.changed = false;
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ impl Text {
         if self.content.changed {
             self.content.changed = false;
             self.view.buf.set_text(
-                &mut ctx.text.font_system,
+                &mut ctx.text.get_mut().font_system,
                 &self.content,
                 &Attrs::new().family(self.view.attrs.family),
                 SHAPING,

src/widget/trait_fns.rs

@@ -1,149 +1,147 @@
-use super::*;
 use crate::prelude::*;
+use iris_macro::widget_trait;
 
 // these methods should "not require any context" (require unit) because they're in core
+event_ctx!(());
+
 widget_trait! {
-    pub trait CoreWidget<State: HasUi + StateLike<State> + 'static>;
+    pub trait CoreWidget;
 
-    fn pad(self, padding: impl Into<Padding>) -> impl WidgetFn<State, Pad> {
+    fn pad(self, padding: impl Into<Padding>) -> impl WidgetFn<Pad> {
-        |state| Pad {
+        |ui| Pad {
             padding: padding.into(),
-            inner: self.add_strong(state),
+            inner: self.add(ui),
         }
     }
 
-    fn align(self, align: impl Into<Align>) -> impl WidgetFn<State, Aligned> {
+    fn align(self, align: impl Into<Align>) -> impl WidgetFn<Aligned> {
-        move |state| Aligned {
+        move |ui| Aligned {
-            inner: self.add_strong(state),
+            inner: self.add(ui),
             align: align.into(),
         }
     }
 
-    fn center(self) -> impl WidgetFn<State, Aligned> {
+    fn center(self) -> impl WidgetFn<Aligned> {
         self.align(Align::CENTER)
     }
 
-    fn label(self, label: impl Into<String>) -> impl WidgetIdFn<State, WL::Widget> {
+    fn label(self, label: impl Into<String>) -> impl WidgetIdFn<WL::Widget> {
-        |state| {
+        |ui| {
-            let id = self.add(state);
+            let id = self.add(ui);
-            state.get_mut().set_label(id, label.into());
+            id.set_label(label);
             id
         }
     }
 
-    fn sized(self, size: impl Into<Size>) -> impl WidgetFn<State, Sized> {
+    fn sized(self, size: impl Into<Size>) -> impl WidgetFn<Sized> {
         let size = size.into();
-        move |state| Sized {
+        move |ui| Sized {
-            inner: self.add_strong(state),
+            inner: self.add(ui),
             x: Some(size.x),
             y: Some(size.y),
         }
     }
 
-    fn max_width(self, len: impl Into<Len>) -> impl WidgetFn<State, MaxSize> {
+    fn max_width(self, len: impl Into<Len>) -> impl WidgetFn<MaxSize> {
         let len = len.into();
-        move |state| MaxSize {
+        move |ui| MaxSize {
-            inner: self.add_strong(state),
+            inner: self.add(ui),
             x: Some(len),
             y: None,
         }
     }
 
-    fn max_height(self, len: impl Into<Len>) -> impl WidgetFn<State, MaxSize> {
+    fn max_height(self, len: impl Into<Len>) -> impl WidgetFn<MaxSize> {
         let len = len.into();
-        move |state| MaxSize {
+        move |ui| MaxSize {
-            inner: self.add_strong(state),
+            inner: self.add(ui),
             x: None,
             y: Some(len),
         }
     }
 
-    fn width(self, len: impl Into<Len>) -> impl WidgetFn<State, Sized> {
+    fn width(self, len: impl Into<Len>) -> impl WidgetFn<Sized> {
         let len = len.into();
-        move |state| Sized {
+        move |ui| Sized {
-            inner: self.add_strong(state),
+            inner: self.add(ui),
             x: Some(len),
             y: None,
         }
     }
 
-    fn height(self, len: impl Into<Len>) -> impl WidgetFn<State, Sized> {
+    fn height(self, len: impl Into<Len>) -> impl WidgetFn<Sized> {
         let len = len.into();
-        move |state| Sized {
+        move |ui| Sized {
-            inner: self.add_strong(state),
+            inner: self.add(ui),
             x: None,
             y: Some(len),
         }
     }
 
-    fn offset(self, amt: impl Into<UiVec2>) -> impl WidgetFn<State, Offset> {
+    fn offset(self, amt: impl Into<UiVec2>) -> impl WidgetFn<Offset> {
-        move |state| Offset {
+        move |ui| Offset {
-            inner: self.add_strong(state),
+            inner: self.add(ui),
             amt: amt.into(),
         }
     }
 
-    fn scrollable(self) -> impl WidgetIdFn<State, Scroll> where State: HasEvents {
+    fn scroll(self) -> impl WidgetIdFn<Scroll> {
-        use eventable::*;
+        move |ui| {
-        move |state| {
+            Scroll::new(self.add(ui), Axis::Y)
-            Scroll::new(self.add_strong(state), Axis::Y)
+                .on(CursorSense::Scroll, |ctx| {
-                .on(CursorSense::Scroll, |ctx: &mut EventIdCtx<'_, State::State, CursorData<'_>, Scroll>| {
+                    let s = &mut *ctx.widget.get_mut();
-                    let delta = ctx.data.scroll_delta.y * 50.0;
+                    s.scroll(ctx.data.scroll_delta.y * 50.0);
-                    ctx.widget().scroll(delta);
                 })
-                .add(state)
+                .add(ui)
         }
     }
 
-    fn masked(self) -> impl WidgetFn<State, Masked> {
+    fn masked(self) -> impl WidgetFn<Masked> {
-        move |state| Masked {
+        move |ui| Masked {
-            inner: self.add_strong(state),
+            inner: self.add(ui),
         }
     }
 
-    fn background<T>(self, w: impl WidgetLike<State, T>) -> impl WidgetFn<State, Stack> {
+    fn background<T,>(self, w: impl WidgetLike<T>) -> impl WidgetFn<Stack> {
-        move |state| Stack {
+        move |ui| Stack {
-            children: vec![w.add_strong(state), self.add_strong(state)],
+            children: vec![w.add(ui), self.add(ui)],
             size: StackSize::Child(1),
         }
     }
 
-    fn foreground<T>(self, w: impl WidgetLike<State, T>) -> impl WidgetFn<State, Stack> {
+    fn foreground<T,>(self, w: impl WidgetLike<T>) -> impl WidgetFn<Stack> {
-        move |state| Stack {
+        move |ui| Stack {
-            children: vec![self.add_strong(state), w.add_strong(state)],
+            children: vec![self.add(ui), w.add(ui)],
             size: StackSize::Child(0),
         }
     }
 
-    fn layer_offset(self, offset: usize) -> impl WidgetFn<State, LayerOffset> {
+    fn layer_offset(self, offset: usize) -> impl WidgetFn<LayerOffset> {
-        move |state| LayerOffset {
+        move |ui| LayerOffset {
-            inner: self.add_strong(state),
+            inner: self.add(ui),
             offset,
         }
     }
 
-    fn to_any(self) -> impl WidgetIdFn<State> {
+    fn to_any(self) -> impl WidgetRet {
-        |state| self.add(state)
+        |ui| self.add(ui)
     }
 
-    fn set_ptr(self, ptr: WidgetRef<WidgetPtr>, state: &mut State) {
+    fn set_ptr(self, ptr: &WidgetHandle<WidgetPtr>, ui: &mut Ui) {
-        let id = self.add_strong(state);
+        ptr.get_mut().inner = Some(self.add(ui));
-        state.get_mut()[ptr].inner = Some(id);
     }
 }
 
-pub trait CoreWidgetArr<State, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag> {
+pub trait CoreWidgetArr<const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<LEN, Tag>, Tag> {
-    fn span(self, dir: Dir) -> SpanBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag>;
+    fn span(self, dir: Dir) -> SpanBuilder<LEN, Wa, Tag>;
-    fn stack(self) -> StackBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag>;
+    fn stack(self) -> StackBuilder<LEN, Wa, Tag>;
 }
 
-impl<State, const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<State, LEN, Tag>, Tag>
+impl<const LEN: usize, Wa: WidgetArrLike<LEN, Tag>, Tag> CoreWidgetArr<LEN, Wa, Tag> for Wa {
-    CoreWidgetArr<State, LEN, Wa, Tag> for Wa
+    fn span(self, dir: Dir) -> SpanBuilder<LEN, Wa, Tag> {
-{
-    fn span(self, dir: Dir) -> SpanBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag> {
         SpanBuilder::new(self, dir)
     }
-    fn stack(self) -> StackBuilder<State, LEN, Wa, Tag> {
+    fn stack(self) -> StackBuilder<LEN, Wa, Tag> {
         StackBuilder::new(self)
     }
 }