Measure the explorer, and cap edit mode at what it can carry

Three numbers, taken on the emulator through the app's own render report
and written into EXPLORER.md; the fixture tree the sandbox now builds is
what they were taken against.

The viewer's scan was on the main thread. Decision 8 said off it, and the
first version did it in a `remember` inside the composition, which is not
that -- 460ms of frozen screen on a 1 MiB file, long enough that the
accessibility tree cannot be read, which is exactly what "the app has
stopped" looks like from outside. It runs on Dispatchers.Default now, with
a spinner where the file will be. Reading a megabyte is otherwise fine:
the viewer is a row per line, and it opens and scrolls 28,660 of them.

Edit mode needed a cap, and not the one the plan expected. The cost that
matters is not the highlighting -- 40ms a keystroke at 128 kB, which is
survivable -- it is Compose laying out one enormous text in the field:
2,027ms per frame at 128 kB, with typed characters dropped, and no
response at all at 1 MiB. Switching highlighting off would have saved
nothing, since every arrangement of a single text field pays it. So
EDIT_LIMIT is 32 kB, the largest size actually measured as usable, and
above it the pencil is disabled with the reason in words beside it: a
disabled control teaches what the thing can do but cannot say why it is
off, and a reader who cannot edit a file they can plainly read would
otherwise conclude the app is broken.

`FileLines.of` is timed like everything else here, so the figure lands in
the render report rather than needing a harness to ask for it.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

AGENTS.md

@@ -149,6 +149,13 @@ repo is in PLAN.md's "Backend layout" section.
   `./ui-sandbox.sh api /sessions/<id>/cwd -X POST -H 'content-type: application/json' -d '{"cwd":"~/files"}'`.
   The 409 is produced by editing the file on the machine (`printf … > file`)
   between pressing the pencil and pressing save.
+  **Reading is cheap and editing is not**, and the sizes are measured
+  rather than guessed -- see EXPLORER.md's "What the measurements said".
+  The viewer handles a 1 MiB, 28,000-line file because it draws one row per
+  line; the editor is one `BasicTextField`, which costs two seconds a frame
+  at 128 kB and stops the app at 1 MiB, so `EDIT_LIMIT` caps it at 32 kB
+  with the reason said on screen. If you make the editor faster, that
+  number is what to move.
 - `.dev-updater.ron` — what Dev Updater is asked to do with this checkout:
   the server (built in `server/`, run as `service: Managed(...)`) and the
   APK (built in `app/`), built in parallel. The project it serves is the

EXPLORER.md

@@ -393,18 +393,51 @@ pure functions with tests.
    `~/repos/emulator-tools`, `ui-trace`'s tap-by-label action; then the
    two bench scripts onto it, with no coordinate tap left in `app/*.sh`.
 
-## Numbers to measure, before deciding
+## What the measurements said (2026-09-04)
 
-- Scan time for a 1 MiB source file on the emulator, and on the phone
+Taken on the emulator in a **debug** build, which runs Compose at a
-  through the render report. That decides whether `FILE_LIMIT` is right
+fraction of release speed and renders in software -- so these rank
-  and whether edit mode highlights every keystroke or only below a size.
+correctly against each other and are pessimistic in absolute terms.
-- Time to first line for a 1 MiB file over the tunnel: the read, the
+Generated Rust, through the app's own render report.
-  transfer, the scan, the first composition. If the transfer dominates,
+
-  the route gains nothing from streaming; if the scan does, it moves to
+| file   | lines  | scan + cut | scan per keystroke | worst frame record |
-  a worker with the plain text drawn first.
+|--------|--------|------------|--------------------|--------------------|
-- The `BasicTextField` at 20,000 lines: whether typing stays responsive.
+| 32 kB  |    917 | 11ms       | 10ms               | 183ms              |
-  If not, edit mode gets a lower cap than the viewer, stated in the
+| 128 kB |  3,633 | --         | 40ms               | 2,027ms            |
-  editor rather than discovered by a stuck keyboard.
+| 1 MB   | 28,660 | 460ms      | --                 | --                 |
+
+Three things followed.
+
+**The viewer's scan had to leave the main thread.** Decision 8 said "off
+the main thread" and the first version did it in a `remember` inside the
+composition, which is not that: 460ms of frozen screen at the size the
+server is willing to send, long enough that the accessibility tree cannot
+be read -- which is exactly what "the app has stopped" looks like from
+outside. It now runs on `Dispatchers.Default` with a spinner where the file
+will be.
+
+**`FILE_LIMIT` at 1 MiB is right for reading.** Time to first line for a
+1 MiB file, tap to text on screen, was **2.4s** against the sandbox --
+1.2s of which is that server's deliberate `--delay`, and 460ms the scan.
+The transfer is not what dominates, so the route gains nothing from
+streaming.
+
+**Edit mode needed a cap, and not the one that was expected.** The plan
+expected to be deciding a size below which highlighting stays on. That is
+not the cost that matters: highlighting 128 kB costs 40ms a keystroke,
+which is survivable, while laying the same text out in one
+`BasicTextField` costs two seconds -- characters typed into it were
+dropped, and a 1 MiB file stopped the app responding altogether. Since
+every arrangement of a single text field pays that, switching highlighting
+off would have saved nothing. So `EDIT_LIMIT` is **32 kB**, the largest
+size measured as usable, and above it the pencil is disabled with the
+reason said in words beside it -- a disabled control teaches what the thing
+can do but cannot say why it is off, and a reader who cannot edit a file
+they can plainly read would otherwise conclude the app is broken.
+
+Reading is unaffected: the viewer opens and scrolls the 1 MiB file fine,
+because it is a `LazyColumn` of lines rather than one text object. That
+difference is the whole of decision 8.
 
 ## Later, deliberately not now
 
@@ -419,3 +452,10 @@ pure functions with tests.
 - Uploading from the phone into a directory. Attachments already do the
   upload half; this would be the same route with a chosen destination.
 - Search within a file, and find-in-files.
+- **A line-by-line editor**, which is the way past `EDIT_LIMIT`. The
+  viewer already draws a file as rows and stays fast on a megabyte; an
+  editor built the same way -- a field per line, or a field over the lines
+  on screen -- would not pay Compose's cost of laying out one enormous
+  text. It is a good deal more than this feature needed, and 32 kB covers
+  the config files, notes and ordinary source files anybody edits from a
+  phone.

app/androidApp/src/main/kotlin/com/example/aiapp/FileEditor.kt

@@ -23,6 +23,30 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.text.input.TransformedText
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.input.VisualTransformation
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextAlign
 
+/**
+ * The largest file this app will open in the editor, in bytes.
+ *
+ * Measured on the emulator on 2026-09-04, in a debug build, on generated Rust:
+ *
+ * | file   | lines  | scan per keystroke | worst frame record | typing            |
+ * |--------|--------|--------------------|--------------------|-------------------|
+ * | 32 kB  | 917    | 10ms               | 183ms              | sluggish, correct |
+ * | 128 kB | 3,633  | 40ms               | 2,027ms            | characters lost   |
+ * | 1 MB   | 28,660 | --                 | --                 | stops responding  |
+ *
+ * The number that decides this is the **frame record**, not the scan: highlighting a 128 kB file
+ * costs 40ms a keystroke, which is noticeable and survivable, while laying the same text out in one
+ * `BasicTextField` costs two seconds. So switching highlighting off above a size -- which is what
+ * EXPLORER.md expected to have to decide -- would not have saved it; the cost is Compose laying out
+ * one enormous text, and every arrangement of a single text field pays it. A line-by-line editor is
+ * the way past this and is a good deal more than this feature needed.
+ *
+ * 32 kB rather than something between it and 128 kB, because 32 kB is the largest size that was
+ * actually measured as usable. The viewer's own limit stays the server's `FILE_LIMIT` of 1 MiB:
+ * reading a big file is fine, and it is only editing one that is not.
+ */
+const val EDIT_LIMIT = 32L * 1024
+
 /**
  * The same file, editable, in the same face and colours it was being read in.
  *

app/androidApp/src/main/kotlin/com/example/aiapp/FileLines.kt

@@ -56,12 +56,17 @@ private constructor(
          * file is one empty line numbered 1, which is what it is: a file with nothing in it still
          * has somewhere for a cursor to go.
          */
-        fun of(text: String, language: Language?): FileLines {
+        fun of(text: String, language: Language?): FileLines =
+            // Timed, and always, for the same reason everything else here is: the cost of opening
+            // a large file is the number that decides whether the server's size limit is right,
+            // and an instrument that is only in the build nobody is running answers nothing. It
+            // lands in the render report beside the transcript's own figures.
+            DebugStats.timed("file scanned and cut into lines") {
                 val body = text.removeSuffix("\n")
                 val lines = body.split('\n')
                 val rules = language?.let { rulesOf(it) }
                 val scanned = if (rules == null) emptyList() else scan(body, rules)
-            return FileLines(lines, bucket(lines, scanned))
+                FileLines(lines, bucket(lines, scanned))
             }
 
         /**

app/androidApp/src/main/kotlin/com/example/aiapp/FileViewer.kt

@@ -4,15 +4,21 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.horizontalScroll
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Spacer
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.width
 import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.LazyColumn
 import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.items
 import androidx.compose.foundation.rememberScrollState
 import androidx.compose.foundation.text.selection.SelectionContainer
+import androidx.compose.material3.CircularProgressIndicator
 import androidx.compose.material3.MaterialTheme
 import androidx.compose.material3.Text
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalDensity
@@ -23,12 +29,39 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.text.rememberTextMeasurer
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextAlign
 import androidx.compose.ui.unit.Dp
 import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 
 /** The face every verbatim thing in this app is drawn in, and the one the gutter has to match. */
 @Composable
 fun codeStyle(): TextStyle =
     MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall.copy(fontFamily = FontFamily.Monospace)
 
+/**
+ * [content] scanned off the main thread, then drawn.
+ *
+ * Measured on the emulator on 2026-09-04: [FileLines.of] takes **460ms** on a 1 MiB Rust file
+ * (28,660 lines) and 11ms on 32 kB. Called from a `remember` inside the composition, as it was
+ * first written, that is 460ms of frozen screen at the size the server is willing to send -- long
+ * enough that the accessibility tree cannot be read, which is what "the app has stopped" looks like
+ * from outside. So it runs on [Dispatchers.Default] and the spinner is what the reader sees
+ * meanwhile, in the place the file will appear.
+ *
+ * Keyed on the text and the language, so re-reading the same file does not rescan it and a file
+ * that changed does.
+ */
+@Composable
+fun ScannedFile(content: String, language: Language?, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
+    var lines by remember(content, language) { mutableStateOf<FileLines?>(null) }
+    LaunchedEffect(content, language) {
+        lines = withContext(Dispatchers.Default) { FileLines.of(content, language) }
+    }
+    when (val ready = lines) {
+        null -> CircularProgressIndicator(Modifier.padding(8.dp))
+        else -> FileViewer(ready, modifier)
+    }
+}
+
 /**
  * A file, one line per row, coloured by the same scanner that colours a reply's code fences.
  *

app/androidApp/src/main/kotlin/com/example/aiapp/FilesScreen.kt

@@ -375,6 +375,10 @@ private fun ColumnScope.DocPane(
     val editScroll = rememberScrollState()
     val language = remember(name) { fileLanguage(name) }
     val loaded = (state as? LoadState.Loaded)?.value as? FileContent.Text
+    // Readable but not editable: see [EDIT_LIMIT]. The size is the one the machine reported, so
+    // this is decided before anything is typed rather than discovered by a keyboard that stops
+    // answering.
+    val editable = loaded != null && loaded.size <= EDIT_LIMIT
 
     suspend fun fetch() {
         state = LoadState.Loading
@@ -450,7 +454,7 @@ private fun ColumnScope.DocPane(
                 { scope.launch { fetch() } },
                 enabled = state !is LoadState.Loading,
             )
-            GlyphButton(EDIT_GLYPH, "Edit", { onEditing(true) }, enabled = loaded != null)
+            GlyphButton(EDIT_GLYPH, "Edit", { onEditing(true) }, enabled = editable)
         }
     }
 
@@ -463,6 +467,20 @@ private fun ColumnScope.DocPane(
         )
     }
 
+    // Why the pencil is off. A disabled control teaches what the thing can do, but it cannot say
+    // why it is disabled -- and a reader who cannot edit a file they can plainly read will
+    // otherwise conclude the app is broken. Said once, here, rather than waiting for a tap that a
+    // disabled button never receives.
+    if (loaded != null && !editable) {
+        Text(
+            "Too big to edit here (${humanSize(loaded.size)}; the limit is " +
+                "${humanSize(EDIT_LIMIT)}). A text field this large stops answering the keyboard.",
+            style = MaterialTheme.typography.bodySmall,
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+            modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 16.dp, vertical = 4.dp),
+        )
+    }
+
     Box(Modifier.weight(1f).fillMaxWidth().background(rawSurface).padding(horizontal = 8.dp)) {
         when (val current = state) {
             is LoadState.Loading -> CircularProgressIndicator(Modifier.padding(8.dp))
@@ -484,11 +502,7 @@ private fun ColumnScope.DocPane(
                                 Modifier.verticalScroll(editScroll),
                             )
                         } else {
-                            val lines =
+                            ScannedFile(file.content, language)
-                                remember(file.content, language) {
-                                    FileLines.of(file.content, language)
-                                }
-                            FileViewer(lines)
                         }
                     // Said in words, with the measurement that makes it make sense. Neither of
                     // these is an empty file and neither is an error, so neither may look like one.